ʻO nāʻiʻo o ke kino: o ka inoa a me ka mana

hula nāʻiʻo nui i kūlana ma ke kanaka kino - keiaʻeleu hapa o ko mākou musculoskeletal kahua. OE hapa lakou fascia, ligaments a me nā iwi. O ka Muscle'aʻaʻa i haku a pau o ka skeletal nāʻiʻo: ka torso, ke poo a me ka lala. Lākou contraction ia lŘlŘ randomly.

ʻO nāʻiʻo o ke kumu a me ka lala, e like me na nāʻiʻo o ke poo, ua hoʻopuniʻia fascia - connective'aʻaʻa membranes. Ka mea, uhi ka like ana o ke kino a me ka mea i loaʻa kona inoa (ka poohiwi fascia, umauma, Hip, forearm, a me kekahi poe e ae.).

About 40% o ka huina nui o ke kino e i ka makua skeletal Muscle. Ma na keiki, e hoike no ma kahi o 20-25% o ke kino ke kaupaonaʻana, a me ka kūpuna - ia 25-30%. Ke kanaka kino wale nō ma kahi o 600 okoa skeletal nāʻiʻo. Ka mea, i puunaueia ma ka wahi ma luna o nā nāʻiʻo o ka ai, i ke poo, a me ka luna malaloʻaoʻao a me kumu (i kēia nō kāu abdominal nāʻiʻo, umauma, a hoʻi). E noho mākou ma ka hala. Mākou e wehewehe i ka hana o nāʻiʻo o ke kumu, e haawi mai i ka inoa o kela mea keia mea o lakou.

umauma nāʻiʻo

Segmental 'ole malama e moe ana i loko o ka hohonu o na nāʻiʻo pahu kahi, e like me ka iwi o ke kula. Nā papa ekolu i ke aupuni '' aneʻi kumu nāʻiʻo:

1) maloko intercostal;

2) paia waho intercostal;

3) ke kīloi paʻewa pahu Muscle.

Ke diaphragm ua operably ua hoʻopili ia ia.

Intercostal nāʻiʻo o ka pā, a ma waho

Intercostal nāʻiʻo i aia ma luna o ka paia waho o ka intercostal hakahaka o ka iwiʻaoʻao cartilage i ka spine. Olona, ia e hele mai i ka luna i lalo a me ka mua. Mai ka mana une lōhai (une lōhai lima) mea hou i loko o ka wahi o ka IeIIeYOA o ka Muscle ma mua i loko o ka mua o ka mea, na nāʻiʻo ana hoemi ke eaʻe na iwi aoao. Penei, kīloi paʻewa, a anteroposteriorʻaoʻao maoli i ka buke o ke thorax. Mau nāʻiʻo nō i waena o ka loa nui ka hoʻoulu. Ka hapanui o lākou dorsal kedera e originate mai ka thoracic vertebrae (lākou transverse keʻano o ka hanaʻana) e anao? Aou like me ka punohu iwiʻaoʻao nāʻiʻo.

Kūloko intercostal noho ma kahi o 2/3 o ka anterior intercostal makahiki. Lākou mau olona, holo mai ka lalo mai, a alakai mai. Hoemi, ka mea, i ka hookuu iho iwiaoao, a pela kōkua exhalation, hoemi i ka nui o kanaka umauma.

Kīloi paʻewa umauma Muscle

Ua Ua Aia ma ka pahu pā pōhaku ma luna o ka loko o ia. Ua ka poʻea pau i hoemi exhalation.

I 3 intersectingʻaoʻao i puluniu umauma nāʻiʻo. Oia 'ole ka poʻea pau i ka ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka pahu pa.

diaphragm

Midriff (diaphragm) hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka thoracic abdominal lua. ʻO loko o ke kakahiaka wā o embryonic? Acaeoey, keia Muscle ua hana mai cervical myotomes. I kolo ana hoʻi me ka hooulu ana o na ia maʻiʻaʻai a me ka naau, aka, aole e lawe i kekahi paʻa wahi i loko o ka 3-mahina fetus. Puka paena i ka lepe puke pela lako me nā aʻalolo, i na lala, mai ka cervical plexus. Ua hoʻokino Dome-hoʻokino. Ke diaphragm ninoieo o ka Muscle olona, e hoʻomaka ana i ke anapuni o ka lalo puka kū ma ka thorax. A laila, e neʻe ana i ka luna o ka Dome tendon ninoaaeyao ka waena. Aia i loko o ka naʻau o kēia srednelevoy Dome. Ke midriff i na puka ma i ka esophagus, aorta, lymph leki uea, aa koko, nā aʻalolo nui ilpko o. He ka papa kuhikuhiE naehana Muscle. I ka wā o ka diaphragm ua hoemi, i kuʻu iho kona Dome a me ka thorax piʻina ma vertical Ana. Light pela mechanically Kikoo a me he mea hanu.

Pahu Muscle kuleana pili i

E like me 'oe ke ike, i ke kumu nui hana o na nāʻiʻo helu' ia ma luna, mea e komo i loko o ka naehanaʻano papa hana. Ka hanu i ka poe e hoomahuahua i ka buke o ka pahu. He hana i loko o kekahi kanaka aʻano nui ma ka diaphragm (ka ai-kapaia abdominal hanu '), a ma ka mea mawaho intercostal nāʻiʻo (thoracic' ano o ka hanu). Kēia mau 'ano hiki ke hoʻololi, ka mea, i ole pololei ikaika. ʻO nāʻiʻo e kōkua e emi i ka buke o ka pahu, e ho'ā 'wale i ka wa a ka ikaika exhalation. Exhalation Ua IeAUPIIe, IAa IO lawa ea ka waiwai, i mea wale thorax.

Other umauma nāʻiʻo

Mai ka lihi o ka sternum, clavicle a me ka sternum cartilage mahele elima a eono keena lua penei originates pectoralis nui. Ua ua pili i ka humerus, ka lapa o kona oi aku tuberosity. Ma waena o ka mea a me ka Muscle tendon mea he bursa. Muscle, ana, proniruet hiki aku ai i kona poohiwi, me ka huki ia i alakai mai.

Ma lalo o nui pectoral Muscle mea uuku. Ua hoomaka mai ka hā o ka lua o ka iwi aoao hui i ka coracoid a pulls i ka'ūhā mua maka ma ke ala e hiki aku downwardly a forwardly ma ka ho'ēmiʻana.

Ke serratus anterior Muscle originates i ka lua a me ka iwa o ka iwi aoao eiwa niho. Ua Ua pili me ka scapula (medial palena a me kona haʻahaʻa kihi). A me ka mea hope, ua hoʻopili i ka bulk o kona kedera. Muscle ana hoemi huhui huki aku, a me ka mea ma lalo kona huina - waho. Ke kōmi 'hiki ke ka ao ka puni ka sagittal (axis), ke kīloi paʻewa iwi huinaʻilikai. Inā ka lima 'ili, kaʻapuni huhui, serratus anterior ke hoala mai i kona lima ma luna o ka uha mua ami.

abdominal nāʻiʻo

E hoʻomau i ka noonoo i na nāʻiʻo o ke kumu a me ka hele aku i ka kekahi hui. Hookomoia ma kona mau abdominal nāʻiʻo nāna i hana i ka abdominal pa. E hoi kakou i kela mea keia mea o lakou.

Direct a pyramidal nāʻiʻo

Rectus abdominis hoomaka mai ka cartilage mai o ka lima i ka hiku o ka iwiaoao ona, a me ka xiphoid kaʻina. Ua ua pili i ka pubic symphysis waho mai ia. Kēia Muscle ua intercepted ma ka hoʻohana 'ana 3 a me 4 tendon jumpers. He rectus i loko o ka fibrous wahi i hanaʻia ma ka aponeurosis kēlā nāʻiʻo.

Next, pyramidal Muscle mea uuku, ia mea pinepine ihola ia kahi e. He He vestige o ka hana i loko o mammals, mauʻeke, a hoʻi nāʻiʻo. Ua hoʻomaka kokoke i ka pubic symphysis. Kēia Muscle, hou maluna, ua pili i ka mea keʻokeʻo laina, oiai e hoemi i ka huki ma luna o laila.

Ke mawaho, a na kēlā Muscle

Mawaho kēlā originates mai ka lalo iwi aoao ewalu kedera. Kona olona, holo mai ka luna ia a me ka mua. Kēia Muscle ua pili i ka ilium (kona nalu). Front ae i loko o ka fascia. Puluniu hope 'ole i loko o ke kahua o ka rectus wahī. Ka mea, i intertwined i loko o ka midline olona, aponeuroses aia ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ka kēlā nāʻiʻo, ma ia ho okumu i ke keʻokeʻo laina. Free haahaa kae o ka fascia uaʻia naʻe, ka lehu o loko. Ua 'ano apau loa o ka inguinal ligament. Kona welau i lele aku ma luna o lonnom ho okumu ana, a me ka ilium (ka anterior kona mau iwi).

O na kēlā Muscle originates mai ka iliac nalu, e like me ia mai ka pahu-lumbar fascia a me inguinal ligament. Eia, ka mea, e ia mai a me ka ia, mai ka lalo, a ua pili i ekolu lalo iwi aoao. Ke aponeurosis e neʻe haʻahaʻa Muscle laulau.

Transverse Muscle originates mai ka pahu-lumbar fascia, ka haahaa kihi o ka inguinal ligament a me ka iliac iwi. Ua hele ia ma mua i loko o ka fascia.

I ka hana o ka abdominal nāʻiʻo

Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'oihana i hana' ia e ka abdominal nāʻiʻo. Ka mea, nāna i hana i ka abdominal paia, a ua paa i ke aloha a hiki i ka tome o ka mea na nā loko. Mau nāʻiʻo, aoao, he ololi na abdominal lua (ka hapanui no ka transverse Muscle) a me abdominals lakou aloha ia na na nā loko, ka hoʻopukaʻana i ka wehe 'ana o feces, mimi, luaʻi, pahu aku ai ma ka puʻu a me ka hanauna kanawai, a ua kūlou i mua vertebrae (ʻano nui rectus nāʻiʻo, anuenue i ke kino), e huli ia a puni kona lonikū (axis), a me na aoao. E like me 'oe ke ike, kā lākou kūlana ma ke kanaka kino ka loa kiʻekiʻe.

hoʻi nāʻiʻo

Hōʻike no ka 'ōlelo nāʻiʻo o ke kino, ua hiki i ka hope pūʻulu - nā hoʻi nāʻiʻo. A ke hai aku ana ia lakou. I pono like ma luna o ka pahu, hoʻi nāʻiʻo i loko o lākou iho hohonu. ka uhi ka mea, me nāʻiʻo, kūpono ma ka holo o ka luna lala a me ka hooikaika ana ia mau mea i loko o ke kumu. Mau iwi aoao pau i loko o nāʻiʻo underdeveloped hai aku i kā lākou mau hoʻi nāʻiʻo (ventral) a me ka posterior emi iki mahope o posterior oi kapa. Ua o ia e komo i loko o ka hana o ka hanu. Lalo iho i nā kihi, a me ka luna i ho'āla iā ia. Mau nāʻiʻo'ō i ka pahu, e hana i ka mea ia manawa.

Ma ka spinal kolamu kekahi, ma lalo o ka hope o ka niho o nāʻiʻo hohonu hoʻi nāʻiʻo. Ka mea, i ka dorsal kumu. Ka mea, hoopaa i kekahi kanaka primitive hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha, oi a emi metameric. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ka spine, kona spinous keʻano o ka hanaʻana e holo ana mai o ka puniu wale no a hiki i ka sacrum.

Ma waena o ka transverse keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ke aupuni 'intertransversarii ke aupuni' e pili vertebrae. Ka mea, i 'ole me ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o kēpau ma kaʻaoʻao o ka spine.

Interspinous nāʻiʻo kākou i loko o kona mailaila aku. Ka mea, i aia ma waena o ka mea e pili vertebrae (o ka spinous keʻano o ka hanaʻana).

Pōkole-occipital vertebrate Muscle (i ka huina o 4) i aia ma waena o ka Mea Maluna Iho, occipital iwi a me ka iho vertebra. Ka mea, ke ka ao ka a straightened i kona poo.

Ka mana o ke kua nāʻiʻo

Ka nui, e hoike ana i ke kanaka kino ua poe ma ka helu nui o nāʻiʻo hoʻi, ma muli o ia ka differentiation o ke kino a pau a me ka spine ma pakahi. Ke vertical kulana o ke kanaka e hoʻopakele i ka mana o na nāʻiʻo. Kumu ole o kona makemake i ke lena i mua. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ma ke alo o ka spine ka mea, o ka piko o ka umekaumaha. Eia hou, ua pae nō kekahi nāʻiʻo e kukulu hou i ka torso. E hoolaulea, kā lākou waiwai ka loa kiʻekiʻe.

Ke ahu iho la 2 Ua pili me ka luna lala o ka pae o ka hoʻi nāʻiʻo. Trapezius a latissimus moe i loko o kaʻili kai, ahu iho. I ka lua o ka mea rhomboid a me ka levator scapula.

Ma waho aʻeo ia ka luna o nā loina i aia ma luna o ke kumu nāʻiʻo o ke keena lala i elua. No ka laʻana, ka poe i pili i ka maka,ʻaʻole e lawe mai ia i loko o ka noi. Ka mea, haka huhui ka wā o ka antagonistic Muscle hui i ka ia manawa hoemiia. Eia hou, ina he lala ua immobilized ke kanana nei'ē aʻe nāʻiʻo, ka mea e, ka wā oki, eʻaʻole pili i ka mea ala, akā, ma luna o ka pahu. Ka mea, hohola aku ia, i ua, hana like kākoʻo nāʻiʻo o ka hoʻoulu. Mau nāʻiʻo kino hoʻohana i hana hanu, a listen, ma ka nui, ma physical hana, holo a naehana maʻi.

No laila, nānā mākou i kāna mau 'ōlelo nāʻiʻo o ke kino. Anatomia - ka 'epekema i koi ma-hohonu mahele. Ili ka ninaninau ana i kanaka nīnūnē hiki ole ike i ka'ōnaehana like me ka a pau. Ia manawa, na nāʻiʻo o ke kumu a me ka ai - keia mea wale hapa o ka luna 'ʻano papa hana ana a mākou i noho aupuni aku mākou kino.