Andre Breton: Kawaihae, pilikino ola, nā kiʻi me nā inoa a me nā wehewehena, nā kaha puana'ī

I ka wā i loko o ka noho a kikokikona ka mea, i ka hua'ōlelo "surrealism", i ka ahahui mua e hele mai i ka manao - ka mea, Aloha "oe" a me ka "Salvador Dali". , No ka mea, he nui no ka mea e ka kumu i loko o ka hapa mua o ka hope kenekulia o ke kuhikuhi ana o kaʻoi loa o ka hoaxer nui. Eia naʻe, hoomaka ae la surrealism, e aho, poetry, a laila, i? Ac? Ma ka pena. I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā Ua manaoia e ia i ka olelo ana o Andre Breton. Artist, mea kākau a me ka haku mele, ua hana ka ideology o surrealism. A me kona poe a pau ke ola ua i kona waena.

Andre Breton: Kawaihae, mai ka hānauʻana a hiki i ka First World

Hânau 'ia i ka' ōlelo Palani mea kākau i hele mai i loko o 1896 (February 19) ma Noremana. Makua moe i kā lākou mau keiki, e loaa i ka lucrative oihana, a lilo i ka 'ā ina kanaka. Andre disaccustomed ekalesia kula, a laila, i loko o ke kulanui i loko o Paris, a mahope komo i ka Sorbonne'āuna kumu o Medicine. 'Oiai,ʻaʻole Andre Breton kauka i lilo i originated ka ia manawa hoihoi i loko o psychiatry a puni, oia, e lawe aku no hoi ma ke ola. Nā haʻina a me ka manaʻo i waho mai ia i loko o ke kaʻina hana o këia a me ka hoʻomaopopo i nā hana o Charcot, Freud, a laila, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai, e lilo kekahi o na kumu o ka ideology o surrealism.

haliu ae la ia wahi

Kela manawa, i kona mau haʻawina Andre hoomaka këia moʻokalaleo. Iloko o ka First World, ia i malamaia me ka pololei oe i loko o ka haukapila, a halawai me Guillaume Apollinaire, ka haku mele kaulana, ka mea hope dala i ka hua'ōlelo "surrealism". Kēia Ua ukali ma kekahi halawai me Fillipom Supo. Ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana i Paris ma hope o ke kaua, Andrew, Philip, a me kā lākou mau hoa Louis Aragon, e lawe i ka palapala, ai 'ʻeleu hana, i kūpono i ka mea i hanaia o ka hou stylistic ao ao.

ma hope o ka kaua,

Andre Breton ma hope o demobilization ua komo 'o loko o ke ao nei o ka poetry. He mahalo i ka hana o Apollinaire, ua hauʻoli i ka heluhelu William Blake a me Lautréamont, a me ka laua mau i ka noiʻi i psychiatry.

I ka 1919, Andre Flippen me Soupault a me Louis Aragon wehe i ka Magazine "me Moʻolelo". I ka Ia manawa, Breton hoʻomaka e komo i loko o nā hana o promoters Dada, he avant-garde kū i ke au, kona kiʻi i ka manaʻo i noʻonoʻo i ka kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana luku ana o kekahi aesthetics. He halawai me ka hoʻokumu o ka neʻeʻana, Tristan Tzara. Eia naʻe, Andre nani hookeai "outgrown" Dada. I ka 1922, a hele aku mai keia au, a hoomau iho la oia e hana i kā lākou mau kaila. I ka hookahi makahiki, halawai mai Andre Breton, he kino ola i mea piha o ka holomua a me ka'ōleloʻana mai iā Aey? Acaeoey ma Vienna me Sigmund Freud. Ma o ka haku mele holoʻokoʻa i hele mai ka mea nāna i hana o ka psychoanalysis hoʻokolohua ma hypnotic moeʻuhane. I ko lakou manao no Freud Breton hana laila, hoʻohana i loko o ka ulu ana o ka surrealism ideology.

hou kuhikuhi

Ka mua ohi ana o poem e Andre Breton kauoha i ka 1923. Ua Ua kapaia "o ka malamalama o ka honua." A ma ka hope, makahiki 1924, lilo 'o ia i ke poo o ka pae, e lawe ana i kahi hookahi Artists a me nā haku mele o ka Surrealists. I ka helu ana o adherents o ka hou au me Pablo Picasso, Francis Picabia, Max Ernst, Pol Elyuar , a, o ka papa, a me Aragon Soupault, a me na mea he nui o ka uʻi Artists. Ma keia manawa, ka hapanui o nā kumu o ka surrealism ua mua, ua hanaʻia, akā, me ka hou kuhikuhi i nele i kekahi lama 'ana a me ka mōakaaka. Andre a me kona mau hoa ku i ka hoolohe ana kēia ho'āla kaua a me scandals, ma nā hōʻike, a me ka ahaaina keʻena, provocative ka hōʻike o kona oe. Breton, nae, he hoʻomaopopo koke ihola nō i ka futility o noʻeau neʻeʻana, a ua nānā 'ana ma na ano o ka hoʻoponopono-ʻana.

manifesto o surrealism

Ke kiʻi i ka manaʻo o ka hou noʻeau kuhikuhi i hele mai i loko o ka Manifesto mua o Surrealism, ka mea i ka makahiki 1924 i kākau Andre Breton. palapala kaha puana'ī pono i keia la pu me kekahi kikokikona e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ka polokalamu a me ka papa.

Surrealism ma French - "superreality". Breton Ua ho'ākāka 'ia kona pahu hopu i loko o kona Manifesto i hiki i ka hou hoʻokolokolo pono' ana o ka mokuna ma waena o ua moe la, a ike maopopo (aʻaneʻi ia mea paakiki ole e hai i ka consonance o nā manaʻo o Freud). I kekahi mau mea ma hope, ma ka (essay) "Surrealism a me ka pena" Andre, e apono i ka hou kuhikuhi no ka inoa mea ole noʻeau kaila, akā, i ke ala o ke ola a me ka manao, noa mai intrusive a me kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni nā loina o ke kūpili a me ka pono hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o ka moʻomeheu o ka manawa.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana

Breton laila'ōlelo akula i kona mau hoa, a me ka hou aku e hana i ka hana o ke akamai, o ka oi aku poetry a me ka Ana Aina. Lakou i lilo ai i ka " 'akomi palapala" - he ano o ka noaʻana ole Koi a me ke kaupalenaʻana manao hooponopono, aesthetics a me ka pono. Me ia i loko o 1920 ma Andre Breton ma keʻano neʻepapa me Filippom Supo kākau ihola "Magic kula", paʻiʻia i loko o ka puke pai "me Moʻolelo".

I kona piha 'aoʻao o "' akomi palapala" ua ia e ka makakū,ʻaʻole olohelohe ia lakou i ka ho'āʻoʻana ma nā koho, ka pilikino pokole o ka wā pōkole, naʻau i loko. He noa o na, a mawaho ololi i maemae ka manaʻo, me ka impurities a me nā hoʻokau '.

Ideologist o surrealism ke hoʻololi i ka " 'akomi palapala", a no ka pono o ke olonā nō. Andre Breton pena ma ke alanui me kikokikona. Ma lalo o ka aoao o kona mau manaʻo o ko ke ao nei-kaulana, a me keia la Artists i hana i ko lakou mau masterpieces.

I Breton ka i pena i loko o ka mau ano o ka olelo,ʻaneʻane, aole. Oe ke hoole i ka "Paracelsus", he hoʻokani kāleka me ke kiʻi o kaʻAiʻAi mau mua e waiho ana no kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, a me «Surrealist panorama», i kākau i kana mau hana hoʻonanea Dadaism hana e Andre. Naʻe, i ka loa hana hoihoi Kimia hana o ka mea kākau - ka ai-kapaia stihoveschi embodying ka hoʻololi kemikala o ka pilikia makapō nō a me ka poetry. Words ka mea, i UAIAaIN e pōhaku puna mea. Ma hope o nā hoʻokolohua Breton i hele mai ai i ka hopena i nā kiʻi nui pono hoolilo aku i ke ano. Eia naʻe, kona mea kākau stihoveschi mau lako o ka 'ae waha' manaʻo.

authoritarian alakaʻi

Breton i ole oko ono hikiwawe. kipi ae la na mea he nui o kona mau nā hoapili e ku ei ka rigidity o ka alihi kaua o ka dictatorship, a me ka waiho ana. I wahi o ia hele hou mau. No laila, Aragon a me Soupault i ala i Buñuel a me Dali. Ma ia manawa (na 30s o ka hope kenekulia) Magazine "me Moʻolelo" Ua ua Kapa hou i ke "SurrealistʻOiʻenehana", paʻiʻia kona puke Breton ka "Nadja", ia manaʻo ma ka mea kākau (1928, i kekahi o na hana kaulana o ka mea kākau), a me ka ua i olelo ia (essay) " Surrealism a me ka pena "(1928), a paʻiʻia i ka (essay)"ʻOiʻenehana mua, a no ka wa pau "(1925). Surrealism me ka hana, "hou" aoao o ke ola a me ka aoao o ka manao ana aku o ka lanakila, hoomaka ae la e hohola a puni ka honua.

Newʻaoʻao e hoohalike ana i lawe mai ai me ia hou ka ikaika a me ka manao. Ke ole o ka surrealism i mau, a, ma ka hana, ma ka Breton oe waleʻoi loa. Andre waiwai loa maopopo ia manaʻo ma ka mea i ma hope o kona make ana i ka olelo omo ana i ka pōkole manawa, e he mau makahiki.

nā makahiki

Iloko o ka Apana World War, Breton i noho i loko o ka United States, kahi āna i noho ai i ka hana a me ka apono surrealism. Together me Ernst a me Duchamp, wehe 'o ia i ka Hale Hanohano Exhibition o Art. Ma Yale, alaila, haawi mai i ka haʻi'ōlelo ma surrealism. I ka makahiki 1945, Breton hoi aku la i Farani. Here oia 'Imi imi e recreate i ka mua neʻeʻana, akā, ho'āʻo hoao futile.

Ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana i Farani, Andre komo i loko o ka Paris E hoike mai, kakau iho la oia i ka helu o ka Ana Aina, a me ka poetry ( "Arcane 17", "Ode ia Charles Fourier", "Lamp Hours", "poem" a no laila, ma luna). Biographers Ua kaulana no hoi māhuahua hoihoi ideologist o surrealism i loko o ka makahiki hope he iwakalua o kona ola a hiki i ka occult. I ka 1966 (September 28) make iho la ia o ka pneumonia.

kanawai

He oluolu ke maopopo i ua kuhikuhi hoʻomanaʻo no ka mamo Andre Breton. Pictures a me na inoa a me ke kaha kiʻi haku i loaʻa i laila, maʻalahi. I kēia lā Breton - oi loa i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka surrealism, haku mele a me ka Aina, mea kākau, he haku o nā hua'ōlelo. Kona keiki hiki ke ike i na mea he nui moʻokalaleo ma ka waena a me ka hope o ka hope kenekulia. Eia naʻe, i loko o na hana o ka haku i ka huki hoʻoulu manaʻo, a mau e hana ai mea no ka nui loa o Artists.

A pau i i Andre Breton: pena, hōʻikeʻano o ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻo o ke kumu nui noʻeau LIKE o ka hapa mua o ka 20th kenekulia, a me journalistic poetry - hookomo i nā loina o ka surrealism. Breton hoʻonohonoho i ka hou au ma ka hoʻohuiʻia ka naʻau i loko, a kū i ke au o kona au moʻomeheu, a Pela i haawi ai i ka ikaika makakū ka uku no ka mea nō o ka wā e hiki mai. Surrealism a me kēia lā me kėia he nui helu ana o kanaka, e ho okumu i hou na hana i loko o kekahi mau kihapai o oe, mai ka pena a me ka Aina, i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā mele.