Gerald Ford: kūloko ma, a mawaho kūkulu '(pokole), ke Kawaihae, kiʻi

Këia i ka mōʻaukala o ka USA, i kekahi hooikaika ka mea heluhelu, e hoailona oukou ia ia? Anoee ka mea uuku, oia ke ke Keʻena Pelekikena o Gerald Ford. Akā, ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II, i kēia manawa i loko o ke ola ana o ka poe ikaika mana i Ua paha ka loa lono kaumaha.

Ano o ka manawa wā mawaena ma lalo o Peresidena Forde

I mea, o ka mea ulu ma ka hewa, a me ka yeiiiie? Ulia māhuahua tensions ma kaiāulu. Hoonuiia ka helu ana o kanaka losing hilinai ma o ka mana a me ka loaa ole i loko o ke kaiāulu Amelika. Ke Vietnam War a me kona hopena, ka mea inoa haumia no ka US Aupuni, aggravates ke kulana.

I loko nō o kēia, Peresidena Ford ua hiki, mahalo i ka mālie a me ka 'O ke kaulike ano, i ka lehulehu hilinai i loko o ke Keʻena Pelekikena hoihoi a me ka hoʻoikaika i ka manaolana no ka maikaʻi wā e hiki mai. I loko nō o kona Keʻena Pelekikena, i ka 1975, ua hanaʻo ia i ka ami Soviet-American holo ana o ka polokalamu "Soyuz-Apollo" me ka docking spacecraft. E hoomakaukau ai no ka hanana hoomaka ma lalo o Nixon. Eia hou, i ka mea ia manawa i loko o ka United States kaulana i ka 200th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ke Kuahaua Amelika o ke Kuokoa.

Aka hoi, ka mea, ua i lawa e hoala mai i ka prestige o ka Republican Party, ke olonā wāwae ma ka Watergate, i hooki Gerald Ford e lilo pelekikena no ka lua o ka makahiki.

Gerald Ford: A Kawaihae o ka wā o ke kamalii, a adolescence

Gerald Rudolph Ford, ke kanakolu-walu o ka Peresidena o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, ka mea i mālama ai, mai 1973 a hiki i 1976, i hanau July 14, 1913. Kēia hanana i wahi ma Omaha, Nebraska. Boy, o Leslie Lynch King. Ma hope o ka pōkole manawa o kaʻohana uhai mai. Mother o ka wā e hiki mai ke poo o ka'ololaha Office, Dorothy King mare i ka lua o ka manawa. Kēia manawa ka mea, ua i ka wae kekahi kuai Gerald Rudolph Ford, mua, mai kona aina mai o Luna Maunaloa. Penei, Leslie Lynch King, kekahi manawa, huli ae la, i ke aloha i kona stepfather, ma Gerald Rudolph Ford.

E like me ke keiki, opiopio Gerald ua he scout, i loko o ka luna kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻolālā, hele mai la ia i ka luna, a hele i ka lani kiekie loa o ka huakaʻi,ʻaeto lā Scout. Ke kula pôpeku hui teenager, a laila, i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i ka luna. Hookani nô hoʻi,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i haawi mai, a ma o ka wā o ke kuka nei lakou i ke Kulanui o Hawaii.

Ma hope o ua noho i loko o ka Alama mater i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli, i ke kanaka opiopio hoomau i kona hoʻonaʻauao ma Yale University School o kanawai. puka - 1941.

Kawaihae Gerald Ford ma mua o kona hōʻeaʻana i loko o ka nui kulekele

ka US komo i loko o ke Kaua Honua II ma hope, Gerald Ford hele mai i ka kūikawā papa, kahi e like me ka oihana kumu aʻo i hoʻomākaukau koa.

I ka 1943, Ford Kumu 'oihana mea ma, a me ia mea i ka 1946 hana lawe ma luna o ka mokulele lawe "Monterey." Keia moku, oiai o ka moana Pakifika, ua komo i loko o kekahi mau koa ana e ku ei ka Japanese imperial Moku.

E hele mai ana i loko o ke kumukūʻai, Gerald Ford hoi aku la i kona kulanakauhale o Palm Srings, i kona wahi i lilo ai hana pū nō ia me he loio i practitioner. A laila, ua hoʻoholo ihola i ka mea e e komo i loko o kālai'āina.

Komo i loko o ke ola pili aupuni o ke aupuni i loko o ka wā ma mua o ka hōʻeaʻana i loko o ka'ololaha Office

I hele mai 1948. Ford ka candidacy koho ma ka Republican Party i loko o ka Hale o na Lunamakaainana o ka US Ahaolelo Lahui. Me ka lanakila ma kēia mau koho ana, a hoomaka ae la i kona 'oihana i loko o kālai'āina. Ford Ua Hoomau pinepine koho a hiki i keia oihana no na makahiki, a hiki i 1973.

E noho ana i loko o ka Hale o ka Poeikohoia, he politician komo i loko o ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana i ka sensational kīmopō o Peresidena Kennedy i ka makahiki 1963. Warren Komisina i hoʻoili ai ma ka hana, a me ka Ford i konaʻeleu lālā. Eia naʻe, kūikawā Pohon, keia hana i ole lawe, no ka mea, i ka hopena o ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana, ka hopena hoike i na luna ma na Komisina, a me ka US lehulehu, mamua aku malalo i ka pahi noʻonoʻo loi.

No ka completeness, na ano o ka Ford-politician mai la oia ia ia i kū'ē i ka escalation o ka Vietnam Kaua ma kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, ua he kākoʻo iā ia, a me ka hoa o Peresidena Nixon.

Komo i ka piko o ka mana

I ka 1973, i ka hopena o ka auhau nä Temepela, la oia i haʻakoiʻia i ka haʻalele Spiro Agnew, ka mea i laila hope-pelekikena. E ho ohana i ka pili Kumukanawai hoololi, Peresidena Nixon i kauoha mai ai Gerald Ford ka hope Agnew.

A makahiki ma hope wawahi i ke karaima Watergate nä Temepela, Nixon hooweliweli impeachment. Ua alakai aku ai i ka mohai kakahiaka hoʻomaha o ka White House. No laila, me ke koho ana a me congresses, Hope Pelekikena Gerald Ford, e like me ke kumu kanawai, ua lilo ka US peresidena kauoha aku e lawe i ka lāʻau kū i ka 1974, 9 August. Mua hoomau ana mākou moʻolelo makemake e kūpono e kahaki ii ia. No laila, heleʻike: Gerald Ford (kiʻi ma lalo nei).

kuwaho

Me ka pili ana i keia wahi o ka haʻawina, ka mea hiki ke ua kūkākūkāʻia ia Peresidena Gerald Ford Ua haʻalele kona hoailona ma o ka lahui mōʻaukala. Hoomau ana i ke kulekele o ke détente hoomaka e mamua Peresidena Nixon, Ford uku i ka makaikai ana i ka Soviet Union, hoomau aku mālama 'ia ma ka makahiki 1971, e normalize launa me Communist China, ua pau i ka Vietnam War.

Eia naʻe, he mau no hoi io minute. No laila, piliwaiwai Ahaolelo, e like me ka olelo ma ka Peresidena Ford lawelawe 'ia ka hana ana i loko o Cambodia. E kali ana ma ka Cambodian moku kaua US kalepa moku a me kona mau luina o 39 luina hoi unharmed, akā, e pepehi US Hawaii (41 kanaka), i bombed mai ka lewa Cambodian kulanakauhale o Sihanoukville. I ka 1975, hou me ka malu, mai Ahaolelo, Ford iaia ka mana e kōkua i nā koa Anati-aupuni iloko o ka kivila kaua ma Angola. Mawaho Gerald Ford kulekele, i waena o nā mea a pau, he nui wahi mau e pono nānā '. It - détente a me Vietnam. Next, e ka kamailio e pili ana i kēia i loko o hou au mamuli.

Defusing tensions

I ka 1975, Peresidena Ford i ka makaikai ana i ka USSR, ma loko o Vladivostok halawai mai me General Kakauolelo o ka CPSU Central Komite Brezhnevym L. I. kūkākūkā i kēia huiʻana, a me ka moku'āina o ana ma waena o ka USSR - ka United States, a kūwaho hoʻi nīnūnē, a me nā mea e hōʻemi ai i ka make māinoino o kekahi mau nukelea kaua. I loko o ka hope pilikia Wehewehe i nā mea pohihihi o ka hoʻokumu 'ana o kaʻakālai kūpono' mea kaua.

I ka Ia manawa Ford kakauinoa i ka Helsinki i ke kuʻikahi ma i ka maluhia a me ke alu like.

Eia naʻe, a ma luna o kēia kahua-Democrats congressmen e ee i ka Peresidena o ka hoʻoikaikaʻana. Ahaolelo Lahui i hooholoia i ka Jackson-Vanik hoololi ana i ka 'aelike i kuai ma waena o ka USSR, a me ka Amerika Huipuia, o ka makahiki 1972, ua nakinakiia i ka hoʻokōʻia o keia aelike a hiki i ke kahua me ka kivila kuleana i loko o ka Soviet Union.

Vietnam

A kūikawā 'aoʻao i loko o' Amelika mōʻaukala o ka US komo i loko o ka Vietnam War, paha, e like me ka mea i kapaia e holumua ai nā loea kālai'āina a me nā kānaka moʻolelo, ka US Vietnam hoike ia. Me ka noho ma luna o nā mea a pau i nāʻike a me nā kumu o kēia ola no ka US hui kai eʻe, pololei i ka olelo i loko o nā makahiki o ko Ford ka noho alii ana ka mea i muaʻike i ke kumu no ka hoʻomaka o ka bombing o North Vietnam, no laila, ma luna o. N. Tonkin hana 'ia i ka hoʻopunipuni concocted ma' Amelika manao keʻena ma lalo nei. ʻaneʻane ka mea a pau, ao morally paha financially kākoʻo i ka paioʻana o ka paio ka Wiekanama kanaka ka no ka kuokoa a me ka reunification o ka aina. I ka 1975, ua laweʻia ka poʻe hao wale o ka DRV ma ka makani ino, Saigon - ke kapikala o ke Aupuni Lepupalika o South Vietnam, ma ke koho pelekikena hale huki aʻela i ka hae o ka lanakila.

Americans evacuated kona kauoha, a me ka Wiekanama, ka mea hiki ole noho i loko o ka hookuuia aina.

Eia naʻe, pololei komo o ka US poʻe hao wale i loko o ka hakakā hana i pau ai mamua, i ka 1973, a me ka hōʻailona o ka maluhia Kuikahi ma Palika.

ua, no ka ikaika i ka US hoopau ia conscription, a hele aku la i ka aelike kaua i ka hopena o ke kaua ma luna o 'Amelika lehulehu. Ua hoʻomaka 'ana kēia mihi nō ma lalo o Pelekikena Nixon. Ka hope hoʻokomo 'hoi aku, mai ka US Army i ka 1974.

I mau, me ka hui, a me ka mana like me ka hopena o keia kaua mākou i hoopilihua ai oia ia 'ole. N. Vietnam maʻi pale. Ia mea, ke kaiāulu kanaka, a me ka moku'āina i nā kumu ke akahele hōʻalo ai i ka i unuhi i loko o ke kaua hookahi. I ka hopena o keia no ka lōʻihi manawa i alakaʻi ai i ka kuwaho o ka US Peresidena a me ka Ahaolelo Lahui.

I ka mea ia manawa, ua hiki i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o kaʻikena hooponopono i loko o ka United States mamua manawa e alakai hewa lehulehu manao, nā loko o ka International Arena like me ma Amerika.

wahi luluʻikepili

Ma keia wahi, he helu o ka pelekikena ka hana, kena ae la i ka ulu ana o kanaka 'eha ma ka naau. No laila, i ka 1974, 8 September, Ford puka i kauoha aku i kala aku i kona, hoʻokomo no a pau, nā ua lilo pono-ike, a me ka i koe undetected, hewa ku ei ke aupuni, i hana ' ia e Richard Nixon me' Amelika pelekikena.

E like me ka hopena o ka pili ana, naʻe ia mea e ku i ke Kumukanawai kūmau, ka pelekikena Gerald Ford i ole ulu pili me ka Ahaolelo. Eia hou, ua he nui no ka Democrats.

No laila, Ahaolelo Lahui hoole i kua dala i mea e pono ai. Ford ia ia iho i loko o ka makahiki o kona noho aliʻi, kau i ka veto ma ma 50 kekahi mau bila. I huli ai oe, o ka Ahaolelo Lahui i oleʻae me ka pelekikena a endorsed hou ia. Ford i luku, a me ka hoopuka ana i wahi no ka makahiki auhau. i ka mea kona pelekikena i ka makeʻe kulana, oiai ka Ahaolelo Lahui - no ka hapanui hapa - ka Liberal (KS). A, e ku e ana i ke kulana o ka White House, na nā ho'ēmi kālā kumu kāki no ka mea maʻi me ka haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi iā ia. Penei, wahi lulu kulekele Gerald Ford hiki ole e mana i loko o ka ikaika paio me ka Ahaolelo.

hoʻokele waiwai

I ka manawa o ka piʻiʻana o Gerald Ford ma ka koho pelekikena oihana, a i kona noho aliʻi i ka Amerika Huipuia mea i loko o ka hohonu aneiai ulia: emi ka waiwai o ke kālā a me ka nele i steadily māhuahua,? Iecaianoaaiiie mea i hoole mai oia. Aupuni i puʻe wale no me ka nui loa ho'ēmi i ke aupuni ke kālā. Kaʻoihana kālā o kekahi polokalamu, i pili i kekahi aoao a me kekahi me ka pono o ka Pentagon, ma ka mea i kāpiliʻia.

Ka pau 'ana o pili aupuni' oihana a me ka malama ana o ke ola

I loko nō o ka helu o ka piʻi like a me ka pono 'ana o nā mea a pau i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka lawe' ana i Gerald Ford, wahi lulu, a kuwaho, komo i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o keia' atikala, au i loaa ākea hiʻona i loko o 'Amelika lehulehu. Keia Manawa e ho'ēmi i emi ka waiwai o ke kālā i laweʻia mai i loko o ka mea o ka urgency, akā, e kena ae i ka ala i loko o ka nele i ka 12%, ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka nui emi i loko o ka US hoʻokele waiwai mai ke kaumaha Nui o 1929-1933. I ka 1974, ka paʻa mau hoa paio Republicans - Democrats - lanakila ma ka midterm ke koho i loko o nā hale o ka Ahaolelo. Ma hope mai o ka huli ana o ko lakou lanakila ma ka heihei no ke Keʻena Pelekikena. Kekahi - kanakolu-aiwa - ka US Peresidena i ka moho o ka kemokalaka Party.

Gerald Ford nalowale ke koho pelekikena koho i ka moho o ka enemi aoao, Dzhimmi Karteru, haʻalele ka'ololaha Office, a no ka lōʻihi manawa hana ma ka American hana Institute.

ʻOiaiʻo ia ma nā luna kia o ka mana 'ole o ka' Amelika Hui Ford, ua hele ma nā pau ihola nō hoʻi ko lākou aʻo nō ma luna o kona wa i olaʻi. Lilo he mamuli o-Peresidena, oia nae haʻalele kālai'āina.

I ka 2006, December 26, mua US Pelekikena Gerald Ford, kūloko ma a mawaho kūkulu 'ia i ka hoʻomaka' ana i mua i ke hoopoina, make aku la ia, e waiho ana ma ke kua o eha keiki. A, o ka papa, Ua appreciable kumumea ma ka mōʻaukala.