Gulag Museum ma Moscow

I ka 2001, ka mea i hooholoia, e wehe i ka National Museum o ka Gulag ma Moscow. Kona hoʻokumu i ka door Antonov - lehulehu huahelu, kākau moʻolelo, kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, ka mea i iho i, e hele ma ka, weliweli a pau o Stalin ka poe hoomoana.

Kanaka hoomanao mea ia ia ka mea i hiki ia paha ka nānaina, a hiki loa "rewrite" i ka loaʻa 'ike. He aha hanana ia reproduces loa hikiwawe loa? Maoli ai, i ka mea maikai, i ka ino a me ka imi i koke "holoi" a no laila ua pio e hoola ia lakou.

Naʻe, i loko o ka hala, ko makou lahuikanaka loaʻa nā hanana a me nā kūʻiʻo mea pono ole e hoopoina mau loa, no ka mea, o ko kakou mōʻaukala.

I kekahi o kēia mauʻaoʻao i loko o ka hala kaumaha o ko mākou aupuni nui o ka gulag. He nui no i keia la i ka poe opiopio (a, incidentally, aʻaʻole pela opiopio) kanaka ino noonoo ai i na mea o ka Gulag, kekahi sinister kūlana pâʻani ai i loko o ka moʻolelo o ko kākou lāhui kanaka. A mamua i loko o ka USSR i kokoke ole 'ohana i makemake ole i loli ana i na mea a pau-mana a me ka weliweli hui.

Hōʻikeʻike o ka Mōʻaukala

A hiki i 2001, i ka mōʻaukala o ka Gulag ola wale i loko o ka palapala, ka palapala, ai hana, nā palapala a me nā memoirs. Kona lako e? Aeiino? Ua hiki wale nō ma hope o ka mea, ua ka Gulag Museum ma Moscow.

Kona hanaia'na hele mai i ka manaʻo,ʻaʻole he maʻamau ke kanaka, akā, i ka hoʻomalu, pono e makaikai i ka mōʻaukala o ke aupuni, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo-publicist, he kinai ana no ka pono o ka repressed, i ka paahao o ke Gulag, a ua hoano e ka weliweli o ke kahua kaua ola no 13 makahiki. Door Antonov - ke keiki a ke kaʻao luna, hoʻokahuli aupuni ma ka hoahewa ia, he mua aliÿi.

Pehea mea a pau, hoomaka ae la

I ka 2001, ka Moscow Meia ka oihana i anao? Aou no ka iau me ka wahi o ka 700 m². Ka mea, ua nui loa dilapidated, e noi ana hoihoi hou ana. Kona hua hoʻohui wale i ka pono henua - i loko o ka naʻau o ke kumukuai, i kahi loihi mai ka Lubyanka, ma Kuznetsky Loa.

Door Antonov Ua apono ia no ke kūlana o ka mea kuhikuhi. He noho ana ma keia oihana no ka umikumamakahi makahiki. Eia naʻe, ma ka 2013, he 94-makahiki ke ola, Ua hala aku la ia.

kaʻohiʻana 'ikamu

Ka mea mua a pilikino iau ma na mea a pau a kona makua kāne i haawi Vladimir Antonov. Soon, mua pio weliweli e hoʻomoana ai, i ko lakou kokoke ana hoahanau, a hoomaka ae la e lawe mai i kekahi makana priceless artifacts. O lakou ka 'ikamu, puke, kiʻi, palapala a me nā palapala. I ka 2004, ka Gulag Museum ma Petrovka halawai mai la me ka malihini mua.

mua manaʻo

ʻO ka poʻe i hāʻule i loko o ka iau pahale, flanked ma laumeki uea pa hoʻi me ka i hoʻomoana ai, a ike hale kiaʻi, mea ole wale.

Ka paia waho puka makani o ka hale i hookomoia he umikumamalua kiʻi o ka poʻe koʻikoʻi a pau ka poe i make i loko o Stalin ka poe hoomoana.

He aha e ike

Gulag Museum ma Moscow mai ka paʻa exhibition, i kahi ma luna o 100 kapuaʻi kuea mika ma ka lua o ka papahele o ka hale. Aia nō e kū mālie i hai aku i ka ohana o Bulat Okudzhava, George Zhzhenova a me nā kūlana kanaka, e like me paʻi lehulehu o naʻia. Ka exhibition i kekahi mau palapala archival, ka hoʻomoana pa nupepa, palapala.

Here oe ke ike i ka poe pio maʻamau o mea - ipu, puna, Quilt nā lakeke. A hailona no loea poʻe i hele ma waena o kēia mau poʻe hoʻomoana. I keia la, i ka Gulag Museum i ka ohi ana i pena ma Artists-pio.

Hale limahana hai aku la i ka hihia i ka wa e hele mai ai i ka mua o na wahine elua, he kanaka maoli o Kabardino-Balkaria. Ka mea, lawe mai i kekahi makana hale kūʻai likeʻole mōʻaukala mea: palapala, buke, palapala o ka pio kahiko. Akā, o lakou a pau, o ka papa, nui na mea, hana i loa holoʻokoʻa i hele mai i lawe mai ai wahi kamaiki kamaa a me anal. E like me ka mea huli mai, i kēia mau wāhine ma luna o 20 makahiki o ka imi e hoihoi i ka loa waiwai mea a me ka 'ike e pili ana i ka noho o Kabardino-Balkaria, ka poe i repressed, a laila, ma kona mau lilo paʻi i ka puke e pili ana ia lakou.

Kekahi o na wahine paa i loko o ka hale paʻahao no ka 3 makahiki ke keʻena, hookahi ma laila me kona makuwahine ia ia, he ewalu wale mahina kahiko. Kona mua me ke kapuai hookahi kaikamahine i hana aku ai ma luna o ka lepo pipili no papahele o ke keena hau. I kekahi lā, ua hele aku i ke poo o ka panalaau ia. A ike ka paʻahau keiki me ka hanau wawae, no kekahi kumu, anapu koke i ka mea aloha, a kena ae la i kona mau subordinates, e kuai ia ma ke kuai mau kamaa a me anal. Kuʻi nui o ka iau poe hana hiki ole paʻa hoʻi kona mau waimaka, e hai ana ia mau moʻolelo.

Ma ka honua papakü o ka hale kaua i keʻano o nā hōʻike, a hoʻololi 'ana i pinepine ia. Lākou mau kanaka a me ka hoʻopaʻa 'oe i ke loaʻa ma ka oihana aoʻao pūnaewele puni o ka iau.

Gulag Museum: hiʻona hana

He pono, e olelo aku i na kookoo a pau o ka iau e loa ikepili koʻikoʻi i ka hoomanao ana o ka poe a hoʻopaʻi i hoʻomākaukau ia i ka ordeal weliweli.

Ke iau holo manawaleʻai oaio, a he o enthusiasts, makakū kanaka a me ka loa aloha. He aha ke ano o keia kikowaena? Ke kōkua pū mai iau limahana, e hoʻomaka ana 'halawai me veterans, hele nā hōʻike, a me nā' aha mele. Nāʻaʻa kōkua kūpuna, aʻaʻole loa ola kanaka, i nā mōhai o Stalinist repression. Ua noa hiki ke laweʻeleu loa i loko o ka hana waena. E hana i kēia, hoʻopiha mai i ka palapala ninaninau, a makemake i ka iau balota oihana.

Mea hoʻohana mau Nāʻana

A pau kipa i ka Gulag Museum (kiʻi a oe ke ike i loko o kā mākou 'atikala) ike i ua hoano e ka Emotions ikaika. Heart palemo i ka mua o nā palapala hōʻike 'aneʻi, a me nā ho'āʻoʻia. Nā malihini 'aelike ma luna o kekahi mea - ka Gulag iau pono e kipa no ka kela mea keia mea. E hoomanao iā mākou a me kā mākou keiki, a me ka poʻe moʻopuna, i mea Stalinist repression , a me ka hou aku e huli ai i ko makou poe kanaka. Ua pono e 'ike i ka loa ole i ka recurrence o ka pōʻino weliweli i loko o kā lākou mau aina.

Ust-Kabyrza iau "Shor Gulag"

Kuzbass noho kia'āina ma ka hoomanao ana i luahi o ka pili aupuni repression hookupaaia ka hamama-ea iau. Ua Ua kapaia "Ka Gulag Shor". A pau kona malihini luku Akä naÿe no nä mea e i ka nani loa mauna Shoria, nani oo? Eiiieaena "Sheregesh" a me ke kope o ka hoʻomoana, paʻa i ka pā ma laumeki uea, a me Barracks a me aaoaeuiuo auoae koa.

Ma Tashtagolsky wahi, ua oi aku mamua o 30 nui 'ikamu a me ka hoolilo ana o mākaʻi kiaʻi. Hiki i keia la, aole he pololeiʻikepili i ka nui o na kanaka i make i loko o kēia mau pā pōhaku. Mākou wale ike i loaʻa iā ia ka mea kiekie loa ka make ana i loko o ka Shor gulag - 25%. A no ka maluhiluhi manuale hana, nele o ka ai, ka lole, laau lapaau, maʻi massively e koi ola.

Gulag Museum ua aia i loko o ke kauhale o Ust-Kabyrza. Dilapidated Barracks, aaoaeuiuo auoae i mākaukau kiai, pa a me ka laumeki uea - i keia produces he kiʻi o ka ike maopopo ana i keia mau makahiki weliweli.

Ma kēia mau wahi hoomoana, i deported Volga kēia kanaka Kelemānia. A hiki i kēia manawa lākou mau mamo e noho ana ma na aina Kuzbass. I ka halaʻana ma ka ueo ei? Aiiia, malihini loaʻa lākou iā lākou iho i loko o kaʻoia iʻo 'okoʻa o ka correctional kula. Kēia exhibition mea haawi wale i ka holoʻokoʻa mōʻaukala o ka hooulu ana o ka poe hoomoana ma Kuzbass i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1920 a hiki i 1950.

Pä iau wahi i haawi mai nā malihini i ka manawa kūpono e hana lima-ike - i ka papa kuhikuhiE koʻi o ka hoʻomoana pio.

Mountain Shoria hiki kēlā me kēia makahiki, e lawe i ka liʻiliʻi 10,000 malihini, mai ko kakou aina, a mai ka'āina'ē.

Paha, ka mōʻaukala o kekahi lāhui kanaka, ua pouli mau kiko. Eia naʻe, i ka hala mea i pololei, aʻaʻole hoʻi i. Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Gulag - he "manawa mīkini" e lawe mai hoʻi i ia wā weliweli o repression o ka Stalinist'ōnaehana, kahi kanaka ola ua waiwai i kekahi mea, a ua disgracefully hōkaiʻia na tausani o ke ola.