He aha ka i ka helu nui? Ka nui a me ka huna uuku ka helu

A i kekahi kanaka e aʻo, e manaoio aku ia ia lawa manamana lima, e hooholo i ka mau Danau hele i loko o ke ana, ka mea, ke emi mai o ka bipi o ka mauna. Akā, i ka wā i ka hele 'ia e like me he positional helu (i ka helu i kekahi mau wahi i loko o ka lōʻihi laina), hoomaka ae la oia e haʻohaʻo nei: He aha ka e hiki mai ana, i mea ka helu nui?
Mai laila, hoomaka ae la ka maikai naau, e nānā aku ai, pehea e hoʻomaulia mau cia, a me ka hapanui importantly, pehea e kūʻai nō ia me ka manaʻo.

Hawai ma ka hopena o ka moʻo

I ka wā o nā haumāna i hoʻolauna i ka palapala manaʻo o maoli helu, i nā kihi o nā helu naʻauao i nā kiko kona kiʻi a me ka wehewehe ana i ka nui a me ka uuku helu - he waeʻano o meaningless. He mau hiki i ka nui loa helu hoʻokomo i kekahi, a me ka mea e ole ia i ka nui loa. Akā, holomua makemake ole, ua hiki ina ia he ole no ka poe i makemake e loaʻa manaʻo i loko o nā wahi i kahi mea e ole e ka poe.

Infinity helu puke, ma ka hou i kapa a me ka undefined philosophical cia, i hana mai i ka hoʻokahi wale nō oaoieei-pilikia. Au i kaʻimi i inoa no ka nui loa helu. Ma mua, ua hanaia keia kaawale no ka nui'ōlelo pūʻulu, a me ka hooulu ana o ke kaʻa poepoeʻana,ʻikeʻia hua'ōlelo, ka mea, o ka mea nui loa helu, he pono ole a puni ka honua.

He umi, hoʻokahi haneri, hoʻokahi tausani

ʻO kēlā 'ōlelo no ka nui o ka mea hiki nui, loaʻa kona inoa iho.

Ma Russian ia mea mua a me ka poʻokela i helu mai Aʻohe hiki i ka umi. Up i ka poe i kaheaia haneri o hou loa, a ma luna o lākou kumu, me ka uuku loli i loko o nā aʻa - "he iwakalua" (elua o umi), "kanakolu" (ekolu o umi), etc., a me nā eiiiiiaiou o "iwakalua-kekahi", "he kanalima-eha .. ". Ka hoʻokoe '- kahi o "chetyredtsat" mākou i ka oi pono, "kanaha".

Ka mea kiekie loa huahelu-nā helu - "hipa he kanaiwakumamaiwa" - He hui ka inoa. Eia kekahi, mai ko lakou mau kahiko inoa - "haneri" a me ka "tausani", ke koena e hana mai ka akau pu. Ke kulana home 'ole mea like i loko o nā' ōlelo ', he pono ole. He Logical i ka manaʻo i haawiia mai ka hoʻokumu 'ia inoa i nui a me na kii, i hana mai ai me ka hapanui o ka maʻamau kanaka. ʻO ia mea he tausani poo o ka holoholona, ke haawi aku i ka maʻamau kua'āina. Me ka hoʻokahi miliona ua oi pilikia, a hoomaka ae la hilahila.

Miliona, quintillion, detsilliard

Ma ka waena o ka XV kenekulia Farani Nikolya Shuke e hoʻokohu 'ia i ka helu loa nui, i? Aaeaaaaony e ka'ōnaehana i ka inoa ma luna o ke kumu o ka numerals a pau mawaena o kānakaʻepekema Lakina. Ma Lūkini, ka mea, ua undergone i ka hooponopono hou no ka oluolu o ka puana:

• 1 - hoʻokahi - Univ.
• 2 - Duo,ʻelua (papalua) - duo,ʻelua.
• 3 - Tres - ekolu.
• 4 - Quattuor - Quadri.
• 5 - Quinque - lima o ka.
• 6 - Sex - Sexten.
• 7 - Septem - Sept.
• 8 - Octo - Octy.
• 9 - Novem - kumu noni.
• 10 - Decem - deci.

Ke kumu o na inoa ua ia e -illion, mai ka "miliona" - "oi ma mua o ka tausani." -. Ie 1 000 000 - 1000 ^ 2 - tausani ma ka huinahalike. Kēia'ōlelo, e hōʻike i ka nui helu, dala ka seafarer kaulana Marco Polo a me nä känaka 'epekema. No laila, he tausani i loko o ke kolu o ka degere ua lilo i trillion 1000 ^ 4 - quadrillion. Kekahi Farani - Pelletier - kaumaha no na helu i i Shyuke i kapaia "hoʻokahi tausani miliona" (10 ^ 9), "he tausani ieeeea?" (10 '15) a no laila, ma luna, e ka., hoʻohana pau "-illiard". Ua huli mai i hoʻokahi piliona - i ka ieeeea?, 10 ^ 15 - billiards, he pa alima a me 21 'Aʻohe - trilliard, a no laila, ma luna o.

Terminology Palani mathematicians hoomaka e e hoʻohana 'ia ma nā mea he nui. Akā, i nā mea i ike i 10 ^ 9 Ma kekahi palapala i kapa ole ieeeea? A ieeeea?. A i loko o ka United States i aponoia i ka'ōnaehana ma i ka hopena -illion la ka papahelu ma ka miliona, e like me ka'ōlelo Farani, akā, na tausani. E like me ka hopena, i kēia lā, he mau unahi i loko o ke ao nei, "loa" a me ka "pōkole". E maopopo i ka helu mea i manaoia ma ka inoa o ka, no kekahi laʻana, quadrillion, ia mea maikaʻi, e möakäka hou ka degere o kukulu helu 10. Inā ka 15th - o "pōkole" ka unahiʻole, i aponoia e ka United States, Canada, ka UK a me kekahi mau nā'āina, a me loko o Rusia (aole nae makou i ole 10 ^ 9 ieeeea? a hoʻokahi piliona), ina ka 24 - o "loa", hookama i loko o ka hapanui wahi o ke ao nei.

Tredetsillion, vigintilliard a me ka milleillion

deci a hana detsillion - - Mahope iho o ka hope helu o ka nui helu o ka loa hoʻohana 'ia me Ka Uluwehi O Ke olelo-me ka ho okumu - 10 ^ 33 ka pōkole me ka unahiʻole, no ka mea hoʻohana prefixes ka hahai pu o pili i nā kānaka. Loaa eiiieaena i huiia inoa e like tredetsillion- 10 ^ 42, kvindetsillion - 10 ^ 48, a no laila, unformulated, mau inoa i waena o ka Roma hanohano: .. iwakalua - viginti, hoʻokahi haneri - a hoʻokahi tausani centum - mille. Ma hope o ka rula Shyuke hiki loa i ka lilo i ka inoa o ke i na kupu nui. No ka laʻana, ka helu 10 ^ 308 760 kapa dutsentduomilianongentnovemdetsillion.

Akā, i kēia mau? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia e hana hoihoi wale i ka kaupalena helu ana o kanaka - ka mea, i ole ia ma ka hana, a me kēia mau loina lakou iho i ole e paa ana a hiki i kaʻimi naʻauao pilikia a me theorems. He no ka mea, hoʻokahi wale nōʻimi naʻauao? Aiey iauaeoia i ka helu o nā kānaka nunui, i kekahi manawa, hana loa sonorous inoa a haawi ia ia ma ka mea kākau o ka inoa.

Pouli Legeona asaṃkhyeya

Ninau nunui loa o kou pihoihoi, a me "ka mālama '-kamepiula" hanauna. Na Slavs malaila i kekahi mau helu nenoai, i loko o kekahi kiʻi ka mea, i nui kiʻekiʻe: ka helu nui - 10 ^ 50. Names o helu, mai ka puʻu kaua o ko mākou manawa e huhūʻoukou iā e poetry, a pau paha ka mea, he mea hikiʻano, ike wale i ka moʻolelo a me nā linguists. 10 ^ 4 - "pouli", 10 ^ 5 - "O Legeona", 10 ^ 6 - "leodr" 10 '7 - Vranje, ke koraka, 10 ^ 8 - "kāhiko."

No emi maikai ma ka inoa helu asaṃkhyeya i oleloia ma Buddhist hāʻina o nā haʻawina i loko o kahiko Chinese, a kahiko Indian hoiliili ole o sutras. Ke laupaʻi waiwai o ka asaṃkhyeya noiʻi Kuhikuhi 'ia e like me ka 10 ^ 140. E maopopo ia oo kilokilo ano: i mea i ka nui o cosmic pōʻaiapuni pono kekahi i e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia ana i kaʻuhane o nā meaʻiʻo a pau, hoʻonui ma ke ala loa o ka rebirth, a hiki aku i ka blissful moku'āina o nirvana.

Googol, googolplex

A mathematician ma Columbia Kulanui (USA) Edward Kasner mai ke kinohi o ka 1920s hoomaka ae la e manaʻo e pili ana i nui helu. I ka pau,ʻo ia ua hoihoi ia ma ka inoa sonorous a expressive no ka nani helu 10 ^ 100. Hoʻokahi lā ka mea, ua hele ia me kona mau moʻopuna kāne, a hai aku la ia ia no keia helu. Nine makahiki kahiko Milton? Aaei Sirotta hua'ōlelo googol - googol. Uncle loaʻa mai moʻopuna kāne, a me ka bonus - he hou ka helu, a lakou i hoakaka ia penei: he pa alima, a me na 'Aʻohe hualoaʻa i kou hiki palapala, aole naeʻaʻole i nā mea a pau maluhiluhi. Inoa keia helu ua googolplex. Ma luna o kona mau manaʻo, hoʻoholo ihola Kashner i keia, e ia i ka helu 10 ^ googol.

Meaning ana ma na huahelu Kashner ike hou ao ana: 'epekema i i ike i kekahi mea i loko o ia i ka nui me ka wā e hiki mai mathematicians, mai kā lākou mau laʻana, oia wehewehe ana i ka helu nui hiki hoahu like infinity.

Akamai manaʻo o hea na geniuses iki mahalo i na Mamua o ke anaina, e paipai i ka hou search engine. googol kāʻei ua mumulu mai, a loaʻa iā ia i ka palapala o, akā, he ua i ka inoa, no ka mea, i ka helu o ka ephemeral hiki lilo loa maoli - me na mahele e e aho la ia.

Shannon helu, ka helu o Schiusa, medzon, megiston

Haʻalele physicists, kekahi manawa e holo mai ana ma kaʻoiai ua hoʻopaʻahaoʻia ma ke ano maoli, mathematicians e hoʻomau i ke alanui ma infinity. A launa kino mamua o ka holoholona hihiu o ka Mū Kākela Klod Shennon (1916-2001) ua piha oia me ka ano o ka helu 10 ^ 118 - no laila, nui nā koho kulana ke'ākoʻakoʻa i loko o 40 Pńk'pika.

Stanley Schiusa mai South Africa i komo i loko o kekahi o nā hana ehiku me i loko o ka papa inoa o ka "Ka Wā Kaukani FIRST" - Riemann kuhiakau. Ua hele mai i loaa ia kumu hoohalike ma ka puunaue ana i Kuhina Nui helu. Ma ka papa o ka hoopaapaa ana, ua hoʻohana i ka mua o ka 10 ^ 10 ^ 10 ^ 34, i hōʻike ka mea, SK ₁ ukali ia e 10 ^ 10 ^ 10 ^ 963 - i ka lua o ka helu Schiusa - SK _2.

E hana i kēia mau helu mai i hiki pono ka mea mau i hoʻopaʻa 'nenoaiu. Gugo Shteyngauz (1887-1972) i manaoia i ka hoʻohana 'ana o geometric kinona: N i loko o ka triangle - ia N a hiki i ka mana o ka n, N hana huinahā - N i N triangle mauna, n ma ke kaiapili - he N ma ka N mika pāhoʻonui lua. He wehewehe i ka nenoaiu o ka hana helu o mega - 2 i loko o ke kaiapili, medzon - 3 i loko o ka kaiapili, megiston - 10 i loko o ka p ÷ ai. Pela ia mea paakiki i ka hōʻike, no ka mea hoike, ka mea nui huahelu-nā helu, akā, hana me ka alahula mau mea i maʻalahi.

Kumu Donald Knuth? Aaeaaaaony i ka pua notation, ma a ka re- kukulu o ka mana hōʻikeʻia e ka pua, i ua ia, mai ka hana mai o programmers. Googol ma keia hihia nana e like me ka 10 ↑ 10 ↑ 2 a me googolplex - 10 ↑ 10 ↑ 10 ↑ 2.

Graham ka helu

Ronald Graham (. P makahiki 1935) He he American mathematician, i loko o ke ao o Ramsey kumumanaʻo pili me hypercubes - nunui-dimensional geometric kino - Ua hoʻolauna kūikawā helu G ₁ - G ₆₄ i loko o ka mea ana i ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i ka olelo hooholo palena, kahi o ka luna kali i ka nui mau ana o ka helu, i loaa mai i kona inoa. He oiaio, kii mai i ka hope 20 huahelu, a me ka loiloi mua ikepili i na kēia mau loina:

- G ₁ = 3 ↑↑↑↑ 3 = 8.7 m 10 ^ 115.

- G = ₂ 3 ↑ ... ↑ 3 (pua wikiwiki ma mua o kekahi helu = G _1).

- G ₃ = 3 ↑ ... ↑ 3 (helu = G ₂ wikiwiki ma mua o kekahi pua).

...

- G = ₆₄ 3 ↑ ... ↑ 3 (wikiwiki ma mua o kekahi helu o nā pua ₆₃ = G)

G _64, G ho he hoʻokahi, a me ka mea i ka honua i ka nui loa helu hoʻohana i loko o ka makemakika i ka ho omaulia. Ua Ua kākau i loko o ka buke o ka mooolelo. Waiho ia i ka unahiʻole, i mea kokoke hiki ole, haawi mai ia i ka holoʻokoʻa ka leo o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa iʻikeʻia e ke kanaka i hoike ma ka uuku mokuna o ka leo (he kupa me ka maka o ka Planck lōʻihi (10 ^-35 m)), i hoike ma ka helu 10 ^ 185.