He aha ka waiwai i legiruemye kila?

Ua ua ikeia e ke hooheheeia me ke kiʻekiʻe maemae (99.99 pakeneka a oi maemae waiwai) i haʻahaʻa ka ikaika, e ia pilikia e hoʻohana. 'Ia i Aluminum a me ke keleawe, e hoʻohana i ka uila wilikî. Steel, ma ka pili ana me kā lākou functionality, pono noho rigidity, e mae wale ia'ku, paakiki, a ma kekahi mau hihia, elasticity a me ka ductility, no nae i ka hao i loko o ke gula palapala, e ho okumu ia uala pono.

Legiruemye kila oko mai maʻamau alo artificially hoʻolauna mea hoʻonui i ka hoʻoholo 'ana i kekahi mau waiwai o ka oka a pau o ka wā e hiki mai. Pela, ma ka ano o kalapona kila iloko o kekahi mau huliāmahi "ai" ferrite, cementite, a me ka perlite. Me ka hoike ana o ka alloying hehee wale kalapona helu pinepine hoemi i pearlite (maoli he kila ikaika).

Legiruemye kila ma ka i hoʻolaunaʻia ma nā 'ona pinepine i ka nānaina anianiʻolu, i ke i hou (viscosity) (i wili palaoa perlite a me ka ferrite), he emi ma na stress, hoemiia pahiki o ńlua i hoopaakiki ai mahuahua ana i loko o ka hohonu o ka mea a me ka calcining'ōlelo.

Nā waiwai o kuhiliʻole kila e pono e kaukaʻi ma luna o nā eiiiiiaiou. No ka laʻana, na kumu mua chromium a me ka nikala, koe wale metala māhele mai ka popopo, manganese maoli he hopena ia'ku, e mae wale ia'ku a me ka paakiki, piʻi pū. Oia i hehee ai e like me silikone, mau hiʻohiʻona nō 'atikala eʻoi aku ke ku imua o ka hopena nāʻakika a me cobalt maoli ka kiʻekiʻe-mahana ikaika.

Legiruemye kila Nine Inch haku mele 'ana ua maheleia i kiʻekiʻe-, medium- a me ka haʻahaʻa-oka a (ka maʻiʻo o ka mea hoʻonui Ua oi ma mua o 10%, 2,5 - 10% a me ka emi o 2,5% niioaaonoaaiii). Ma massively hua mai la srednelegirovannye kila (lewa hoʻohui pū ma kahi o 5-6%) o ka pearlite 'ole. ʻO nā mall oka a pau o ka haku mele 'ana (martensitic, carbide, austenitic, ferritic) i emi, he pono ole.

No ka mea o keia ano, e like me ka na hanalima huahana, i kona iho GOST. Oka a steels i hoʻolahaʻia ke aupuni mau hae № 4543 - 71, mai i kekahi ke ike i ka helu o nā eiiiiiaiou i loko o ke kila o ka ua momoku ahi. No ka laʻana, hromomargantsovonikelevy oka a me ka titanium a me ka molybdenum 25HGNMT hāpana ua haku o ka mai i 0.29% kalapona, i ka 0,37% silikone, i ka 0,8 pakeneka manganese, mai ia 0,6%, a 1,10% o ka chromium a me ka nikala (niioaaonoaaiii ), mai a hiki i ka hapalua pakeneka molybdenum a me 0.09 pakeneka titanium. Ma waho aʻeo i ka assortment a me ka oaoieei koi GOST he pihaʻikepili ma huahana ikea ai ki ina hana like, ae rula, amo,'ōpala a me na mea e ae.

Legiruemye ua maheleia i loko o kekahi mau pūʻulu e like me ko lakou manao: e kukulu, na mea paahana, (o ka i laweʻoki na mea paahana, e like me? Eou, AEIU, pahi olo, mīkini wili pōhaku kālai, etc. (Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ma paʻi' enekinia,? Ieoaeunoai o na alahaka, hoino aku hi, ka aila a me ka kinoea, kumu, kumu, etc..) .) a me kekahi-manao kila me kiʻekiʻe ia'ku e ku e ia ka popopo o nā electrochemical type.