He aha mea he predicate? Wā i ka manaʻo

He paʻakikī kupono e wehewehe i ka predicate, e like me ia manawa ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka loa e ku pono ana mau mea o ka ike - mai makemakika a hiki i ke kūpili a me linguistics. I ka hua'ōlelo ua loko mai o ka Roma praedicatum a translates like "olelo", ia mea, e Hōʻike i ke kumuhana ma ka manawa, ka mea, e olelo aku nei - ka mea, aole ia i mea me ka hōʻole a apono ia. Ua Ua hoʻomano hoʻohana like me ka predicate makahiki ma ka linguistics, o ka oi aku i loko o ka terminological nenoai o Western Eulopa. Ke Lūkini 'ōlelo ua i ike ia ia i ka predicate, akā, ua auou caiaiai mākou i ka manawa "predicate", eia nae keia mea,ʻaʻole loa i ka mea hookahi.

manaʻo

Aole loa, mai kekahi 'ike ma luna o ke kumuhana i ke haawiia ia ma keia makahiki. E maopopo ka predicate hiki ke mua maopopo, a i hooku iho la ia ia semantic koi. Inā 'oe ke koho' o kekahi mea kaila, a me ke kūlana o ka mea, a me ka mea e pili ana i nā mea a pau, a laila, ua hiki nō ke hoʻohana 'ia manawa. Hekikai no e i kahalalo 'ia i ke ola ana a me kona noho ana i loko o ka maʻamau ano o ka olelo, aole ia e pane i ka ninau o ka mea ka predicate, no ka mea,ʻaʻohe hoʻoponopono i loko o laila. No kekahi laʻana: ka bipi hihiu, e mai nei; Keia kamako iki; nā'alemona -ʻaʻole he Nut. Ma nā mea a pau o kēia mau kauoha ma luna o nā 'ikamu mea ole predicate.

Hoikehonua, ke kūpili kuhikuhi ana ua pinepine auou caiaiai ma ka manaʻo o ke predicate kekahi, i kapaʻia he propositional papa, ma ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē i ka actants - i ka mea a me ka kumuhana. Terminological hilahila hiki ole ke käpae 'i loko o ka grammatical a me ka Logical waeʻano, akā, linguistically pono parlance, i ka manawa ua mau hoʻohana' ia i mua o mākou. No ka laʻana, hua'ōlelo e like me predicates predicate pili ana i ka olelo, ao ke ano o ka olelo. Ka mea hiki e palena iki, ia hoʻi, a no laila, ma luna o. Oiai ka wehewehena o ka predicate ua olelo ia i loko o kona methodological, ao ke ano.

'ano o nā predicates

I waena o nā 'ano o semantic taxonomic kaʻawale, relational koho characterizing. Taxonomic wahi i ka mea papa. No kekahi laʻana: punahele kamaa - na kamaa; ulu lāʻau - kedera; ka hou Auana - Fantasy. Relational predicate - PAaIEN pono i ke ano ma i kekahi mea pili i kekahi. No ka laʻana: ma ka bast bast hele; kedera - mai ka tidara ohana; Fantasy - Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo fiction. Characterizing predicates hōʻike i nā kailaʻae o ka mea kūpaʻa a hōʻeuʻeu, transient a me ka mau. No kekahi laʻana: na kamaa weluwelu; na laau ulu; Fantasy ua kokoke mai.

E e uku ai i keʻano, a ua kapaia ka predicate loiloi 'mau noonoo. No kekahi laʻana: bast - kamaa Eco-aloha; Lāʻau kedera he nui loa nani; Fantasy hookomo iho i ka Mea Nānā i loko o ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo. Aia mau olelo, predicates o ke 'ano o nā māhele a me ke kino IIeEeAIEUAA. No kekahi laʻana: ma bast poe huki; tidara cone e ia i loko o September; Fantasy heluhelu ma ka hale. Ua pono e hoomanao e ho oholo i kaʻano o ka predicate mea,ʻaʻole pēlā paakiki mea no nāʻano o ka 'ōlelo a lākou e hōʻike mai iā ia pinepine syncretic. Oia hoi, i kekahi verb hiki e hoike ole wale kekahi pili o ka mea i kekahi i kekahi, akā, i ka mea ia manawa a me nā hiʻona, a me ka IIeEeAIEUAA.

kekahi Mea Maluna

He hiki ke classify i kēia mau hua'ōlelo, a ma luna o nā kai. E kikokiko i kekahi kūlana kuleana i ke kumuhana Radio: lalo-mea predicates i mea ē aʻei kūpono, a ua kiekie ae - ua wehewehe aku ma acee? Iuo oeiia o intangible. Eia ikaika Akä naÿe no nä mauʻano: ka poe e pili ana i ka hanana a me ka hōʻike no i ka manao invariant. No kekahi laʻana: pono nehinei hāpai kāmaʻa - kamaa i haehaeʻia, akā, i nehinei - ia ka loa kanalua.

Eia, e like me keia Mea Maluna, ia mea pono e puunaue ma ka helu o nā predicates actants. Single: bast - oluolu; kedera - ikaika; a papalua: L Apti mālamalama ma luna o kona mau wawae; na laau uhi i ka la; Triple: na kamaa e oluolu ma na wawae ana hele; na laau uhi i ka la a hiki i undergrowth. i hele ai i kekahi hiki ke maheleia i na predicates mua-mea (derivative - kedera ku); lua o ka papa (loko, mai ka mua - hoʻopale kedera); kolu o ka mea (lua o nā mea loaʻa), a no laila, ma luna o.

ka wehewehena

I ke kūpili a me ka linguistics predicate - ia mea he predicate o ka pono, i ka mea i hoikeia no ka hōʻole a apono o ke kumuhana. Kēia mau'ōlelo hōʻike i ke alo a me ka wa e kaawale aku i loko o ke kumuhana o ka moʻolelo. Mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o linguistics, e pili ana i ka semantic a me ka syntactic predicates. Hope - he hehee ai o kaʻilikai 'ole,' o ia hoʻi, ka predicate, a me ka mea mua o ka 'ōlelo o ka semantic hoʻonohonohoʻia, Palapala ─ina i ke kahua o ka' ōlelo, i ka mea, kona nukelea semantics.

Ma ke Pela no hoi kekahi semantic predicate ua poe ma na mea he nui naʻano likeʻole, a ma ka pae o kaʻilikai 'ole. Kekahi palapala ma waena o nā 'ano mau o predicates mea,ʻaʻole no ka mea, kekahi o ia ke noonoo i ka ia kulana. No kekahi laʻana: au i na kamaa i loko o kekahi kihi; Au i na kamaa i loko o kekahi kihi; posed ma ka huina bast. Mea maʻa mau, ka pilikiaʻaʻohe pāʻoihana linguistics pili ana i ka wehewehena o ka manaʻo o ka predicate. A maikaʻi pane 'ike, ua nui no ka hooulu ana i ka manaʻo - ka semantic a me ka syntactic, akā, i ka predicate i ole i loaa i ka maopopo ho'ākāka' ana.

manaʻo

Ma ka terminology o ka makahiki "predicate" kumu ia mea ole, a no laila ia mea pono e hooholo, Ua haawiia i ka syntactic e hoohalike ai hoʻonohonohoʻia. Predicate ke keʻena mea nō kāu kekahi mea i kekahi verb pae. Informally olelo ana, a pau ua pili i ka verb ano a me ka hana mai ai me ia i ka hookahi Ka Mooolelo O pūʻulu mea he predicate ke keʻena.

Ma kekahi, e ka loaʻa a me nā kākoʻo oihana mua (ke keʻena kākoʻo verb). Predicate pu me ke kumuhana i loko o ka hoʻopaʻi loa exhausts kona syntactic 'ole. A laila kēlā i kēia mau eiiiiiaiou hiki ke Hoʻohana i oi poe noonoo ole. Kēia manaʻo distinguishes pae - ka palapalaʻili, akā, i ke alo o complications e e minimized.

'ole

Penei, predicate 'ole hiki e superficial a me ka palapala kahi e. Naʻe, i ka haku mele 'ana o ka pūʻulu syntactic, aole ia e noonoo i ka mea o nā hua'ōlelo,ʻaʻohe collateral - OE paha kaila. No kekahi laʻana: lāʻauʻoka ulu no ke tausani makahiki; hoʻokahi tausani makahiki ua ulu lāʻauʻoka; ulu lāʻauʻoka tausani makahiki. A pau i kēia mau noi i'ālike eiiiiiaiou o ka predicate i loko o ka palapala 'ole.

Naʻe, i ka loiloi mua 'ole a me nā mea a pau kā lākou koke ka mea, e mau pili me ka ili kanu'ōiwi o semantic equivalence. , Hiki e hoemiia predicate kūpili i kela manawa i kekahiʻano, a hiki ina e hai mai i ka eiiiiiaiou ma collateral. No kekahi laʻana:

• New laau e ulu ana ma ka mea kahiko mala.
• I ka mea kahiko kīhāpai, ua ulu laau hou.

ʻAʻole anei ia i loko o ka hookahi hua'ōlelo ma luna o ka pilina nana, ua hoʻopuka kālā kekahi mau kekahi mau manaʻo?

semantic ano

Hou 'ana o kēia kükohu hele mai ana i loko o ka emi ana ma ka nahā i waena o kaʻili, a me ka loiloi mua manaʻo i loko o ka hoʻopaʻi. I ka wā e e hoohalike ana kekahi loiloi mua nā hale o nā hana a me ka OE Lolina okoa, naʻe he mea hiki, a semantically like paha hui. Grammar ua kukuluia no laila, i kēia mau 'ano o nā noi e hookaawale i ka syntactic hale, a me ka hou' aʻole e pili mai ka hopena hope ua loaa ka wā o ka OE mana me kaʻilikai 'ole o ka olelo.

Iki iho ka hana i ka syntactic e hoohalike ai ma grammatical rula i unuhi 'ia i loko o ka hōʻike semantics, e kukulu ana i intimacy paha i like paha, niioaaonoaaiii, o ka ili honua hale. A, o ka mea olelo i i semantic ka hoohalike ana o kekahi mauʻano o ka predicate.

predicate ke kūpili

Predicate - He māmala'ōlelo no a i hou i nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē. Inā-hoolahaia'ku [na kanaka he hookahi i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi - predicate, e hōʻike aku i kona waiwai, a ina oi - laila ka mea, e kikoo aku i ka pilina ma waena o nā mea a pau o nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē. No kekahi laʻana: lāʻauʻoka - lāʻau; kaa - laau. Here kāheaʻia ka waiwai - e ka laau. No laila, i kēia ua poe e ka predicate a me ka lāʻauʻoka, a me ka spruce. ʻO kēia laʻana: Bast kamaa ulana mai ka wauke. Predicate 'aneʻi o ka hua'ōlelo "bast" a me nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē - nā hua'ōlelo, no ka mea, ka mea, hai aku ia ia, a ma o lakou iho mai, mai i lawa kū kaʻawale. I ulana - kamaa. Bast - kamaa.

Propositional kūpili mea pilikia i kekahi 'ōlelo, a no laila,ʻaʻole pono hoʻomākaukau i kanaka a kuhi, no laila kanaka e hoʻohana i ka' ōlelo o predicate kūpili, i mea - speculation. Me lakou i mea hoike, i ka manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē i ka mea mea hiki ole i ka hoike i ke kūpili o nā māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana: e kino a pau na kanaka. I - he kanaka. Au, kekahi, Ua make. I ka 'ōlelo o ka propositional kūpili i ke kākau ia ia i loko o ekolu hookaawale koena ai ole i kekahi ke kamaʻilio me kekahi i kekahi. A predicate ōlelo koke e hōʻike ana mau papa kuhikuhiE "e e kino" a "e ke kanaka". A laila, i ka mua olelo o ke anuanu kiʻi me ia pili.

eiiiiiaiou

Ke semantic 'ole o ka'ōlelo i kona iho waeʻano. Ua predicates e hoolilo aku i ka moku'āina 'ole mau hana, actants - na kanaka o nāʻoihana'ē aʻe a mau ukana paha o kekahi ano (ala,ʻauhau'ēʻaʻe, rezultativen, a no laila, ma luna o), sirkonstanty - okoa ana, e like me ka mahinaʻai o ka hōʻike hana.

No ka laʻana: Ma ka po o ka puka aniani kikeke ana i ka laau lala. ? Eou iʻaneʻi, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka i kā mākou. Predicateʻeleu hana e ia i ka hua'ōlelo "pepehi ana". Next e hele mai i ka actants: ke kumuhana - "laau", he mea - "ka puka aniani", instrumentativ - "lala". Sirkonstantoy (a temporativom ai 'ole o ka manawa)'ōlelo i ka hua'ōlelo "po". Akā, e loaa ka lua, locative - "ke alanui", no ka laʻana.

constituents o

Predicates i haku o semantic rula, penei: ai ka maoli predicates (e laʻa me - moku'āina) a me actants (hanana i komo). Semantically Actants no hoi i ka mahele i loko o ke ano:

• Ke kumuhana (ole - Agens) - i kēia 'ano o ke kumuhana actant aʻeleu protagonist. No ka laʻana: o ka laau ulu.
• Mea - o ka pale o ka pololei a me kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe, mea paha i pololei hopena. No kekahi laʻana: popoki catches ka iole.
• Instumentativ - e hoopii mai ai, me ka i ke kulana hiki ole e hoʻomaopopo. No kekahi laʻana: ka mea,ʻai ai.
• Hopena - he inoa hopena o ka hana hana. No ka laʻana: i loko o ka luawai mauʻu ua ulu.

Nō hoʻi, mai dispense me sirkonstant - i ka noho ana o ka hana. Ka mea, i kekahi māheleʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu. Elua o ka loa pinepine a me ka walaʻauʻana - temporates a me locative. No ka laʻana: ka pūnāwai i mehana. Ka hua'ōlelo "pūnāwai" - temporates. Lilac blooms mai'ō a'ō. Ka hua'ōlelo "wahi a pau" - locative.

ka hopena

E aʻo pehea e pololei kau i ke kumuhana, a predicate i loko o ka hoʻoponopono, a me ia mea paʻakikī nui no lākou iho eloquence, a no ka loa pololei naauao o kekahi mau manaʻo - pono e loa i mōakāka loa ana i ke kumuhana o kēia'ōlelo, a me ka mea e olelo ana i kona ano.