Hellenistic kālaiʻike

Ka hoʻomaka o ka hanau ana o ka Roma akeakamai a ua mea maʻa mau manaoia e e II-I ke kenekulia. BC. e ka. Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka wā kahiko, e like me ka a pau, i pili i ka Helene kālaiʻike, Roma poe akeakamai nui noonoo kiʻekiʻe. hoomaka Greek philosophies e hohola iho la iwaena o na Romans i aʻu i ke kenekulia. BC. e ka. Ka loa mahalo i ia manawa i ka ao ana o Epicurus, na philosophies o ka poe Setoiko a me skeptics, Plato ka kumumanaʻo. Hellenistic kālaiʻike - he au i ua lilo loa ana i loko o ka ulu ana o ke akeakamai o ka wa kahiko Greece , a ua wehewehe aku ma ka pono kohoʻia a me ka hoʻololiʻana o ka hikina haipule ka neʻe 'ana.

Kekahi o ka loa loa-ike kula o kēia au i ke kula i hoʻokumuʻia e ukali o Cynicism. Keia olelo i kukalaia hoʻowahāwahā maila a me rejection o na mea a pau mawaho - e hoʻomaka ana me ka physical pono a pau me ka 'epekema. Cynics ua hoomaopopoia lakou a pau na pomaikai wale mai, mai loko o ke kanaka, a i ole e pili ana i ka waho, i ole wale ka poʻea pau i ka hoike ana o ke kanaka ola mau pomaikai i, akā, i mea he keʻakeʻa nei ma ke alanui i ka pomaikai.

Epicurus (341 -. 270 BC) a me kona mau ukali i aku i ka iki okoa ke ola a me ka philosophical kumu, eia nae ko lakou ao ana ka pomaikai o kekahi i kekahi o na kumu nui philosophical waeʻano. Ma na aʻo o Epicurus i kona iho epistemology, ontology, ke kālaikūlohea, akā, me ka mea nui i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke akeakamai i kona ethic. Ma ka naau o na nā mea pono o Epicurus o ka loina hooponopono e like me a mea o ka makemake a me ka makemake, akā, Epicurus aʻole i manaʻo 'licentiousness, oia ka hoomaopopo i ka lealea ao keia lealea, o ka oi aku "nele o ke kino e loaa ana." Ke loa manaʻo o ka oluolu ma na aʻo o Epicurus probrel kekahi 'imi naʻauao ano hoohanohano a, a me kekahi o na eiiiiiaiou o ia i ka makemake, Epicurus manaoio i ke ao o ke akeakamai.

I ka pau ana o VI. BC, hope i ke kula o Epicurus, ka Hellenistic wā o kahiko kālaiʻike i koho ma ke kahua o kekahi kula kaulana o kālaiʻike - Stoic kula. I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o kēia kula i Zeno. Ke kumu rula o ka poe Setoiko ua like penei: pomaikai mea e hahai ano puni. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo mea ua lilo loa hanohano ka Stoic manaʻo i loko o kahiko Roma. Hellenistic-Roma kālaiʻike ua hoailono aku la ma na hana o ka nui Roma poe Setoiko: Seneca, Mareko ke Aurelius, Epictetus. Nā manaʻo o nā thinkers o ka wā kokoke loa hoʻi hoihoi i loko o ka philosophical pilikia, e moe ana ma waho nā mea pono. A me ka loa pono, i ka Roma poe Setoiko hai mai i ka manaʻo o ke ao kanaka launa hoahanau, i ke aloha, ke aloha i kou hoa kanaka, a he poe enemi.

Kekahi luawai-ike e hooholo ia, i mea kaulana Hellenistic kālaiʻike, ka skepticism. Mea i hoʻokumu i skepticism o Pirron (360 - 280 BC.). ua i ka manaʻo o kona ao ana i ka mea i manaoia he poe akeakamai, e like me Pyrrho, he kanaka e imi ana e loaʻa ai ka pomaikai. Pomaikai waiho, mua o nā mea a pau, i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka eha a me ka piha maluhia. E like me ia skeptics, hiki ole e ho'ākāka 'ia i ala o ka ike i ka wahahee a me ka oiaio, philosophical e pili ana i na mea mea e mea iki aku oukou i ke kānāwai e pili ana i kēia mau mea a pau. He pololei ia wale nō kā mākou sensory nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo wale alakai i ka hilahila.

Hellenistic kālaiʻike Ua i kekahi loli ma ka ideological ala o na aʻo o ka manawa, ua kena ae la kuhikuhi mau loli ma ka pili aupuni a me ka kaiapili-yeiiiie? Loli i ka ulu nā kaiapili. Nā thinkers o ka Hellenistic wā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE pulakaumaka mea e kamaʻilio i ka pilikia o kanaka pono, 'ano' pilikia o ke kanaka i loko o kaiāulu. Hellenistic kālaiʻike Ua kaha maha ma ka hoʻokahuli aupuni manaʻo no ia manawa o ka hoʻomaopopo pono o na kauwa o ko lākou hanohano kanaka, ua kaheaia i kekahi poe akeakamai o ka manaʻo i poe kauwa i i ka mea kiekie loa e loaʻa ano. E like me ka hopena, i ka ulu ana o ka hou philosophical Outlook ma luna o ka honua a me ka malu like me ka a pau, i ka mau elemakule kula i hoʻokumuʻia e Plato a me Aristotle, progressively lilo kona credibility, a mae wale o loko o ke kāʻei kua.