I ka laulā o ka Radio ale a me kā lākou propagation

Ma ka heluna o nā puke no ke kālaikūlohea haʻilula haawi mai i maliu ma huahelu o ka Radio ale, i mea i kekahi manawa,ʻaʻole maopopo i na kanaka me ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā a me ka hoao ana. He 'atikala e ho'āʻo i ka ike i ka pā, me ka ka manaʻo pohihihi. Ka mea mua i loaa Radio hawewe, ua Nikola Tesla. Ma kekahi manawa he wahi kiʻekiʻe-ʻenehana pono, i hoopau ai i maopopo ole Tesla mea keia kŰia, i kona hope kapa i ka Etera. Alakaʻi mele me ka alternating uila pono o ka hoʻomaka o ka Radio nalu.

kumu o ka Radio ale

Ke kumu maoli o ka Radio ale i Astronomical mea a me ka uila. ʻimi hoʻopunipuni Radio nalu lēkio leo mea he uila alakaʻi mele me ka neʻe i loko o ka alternating ka pilaʻikena. Ke vibrational ikehu o ka kiʻekiʻe alapine mīkini hana wāwahie ua haawi ai i ka puni makahiki i kekahi Radio kukuna. Ka hana mua i ke kumu o ka Radio nalu lēkio leo-Radio Popov. Ma keia mea, he kiʻekiʻe-alapine (frequency) kiʻekiʻe anakahi uila mīkini hana wāwahie kuleana pili i hana makou a holo i pili i ke kukuna - kūpenu iho ia i kukuna. Radio hawewe eʻimi hoʻopunipuni mea i hoʻohana no ka paa a me ka lawe lima radars, ka hoʻoleleʻana, Radio palapala, palapala ukali, hoʻokele a me ka kamepiula nenoai.

I ka laulā o ka Radio ale

E like me ia i loko o ka Radio ale i loko o ka alapine huahelu 30 kHz - 3000 GHz. Ma muli o ka nalu lōʻihi a me ka alapine (frequency) propagation ano, o ka Radio bana ua maheleia i loko o 10 iiaciiie-paa:

1. Hui - keu-lōʻihi.
2. DV - lōʻihi.
3. NE - meakino.
4. HF - pōkole.
5. UHF -ʻoi loa.
6. MV - mika.
7. UHF - UHF.
8. SMV - kenimika.
9. Iieabarima aku - millimeter.
10. SMMV - submillimeter

Ke alapine (frequency) huahelu o ka Radio ale

radiowaves pae conditionally puunaueia i na pauku. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka alapine (frequency) a me ka lōʻihi o ka Radio nalu māheleʻia i loko o 12 subbands. Ke alapine (frequency) huahelu o ka Radio hawewe ua interconnected me ke alapine (frequency) o ka alternatingʻikena neaiaea. Alapine (frequency) ka poe hao wale o ka Radio hawewe i loko o ka International Radio hooponopono 12 hooku iho la ia inoa:

1. Elf - loa haʻahaʻa.
2. Elf -ʻoi loa-haʻahaʻa.
3. 'īniha - subsonic.
4. VLF - loa haʻahaʻa.
5. LF - haʻahaʻa alapine (frequency).
6. MF - la iwaena konu.
7. HF - High Frequency.
8. VHF - loa kiʻekiʻe.
9. UHF -ʻoi loa.
10. UHF -ʻoi loa kiʻekiʻe.
11. EHF - loa kiʻekiʻe.
12. HFO - gipervysokie.

Me ka hoʻoulu alapine (frequency) Radio hawewe, kona lōʻihi emi me ka hōʻemiʻana alapine (frequency) Radio ale -, piʻi pū. Ke hoolaha aku, ke kaumaha ma muli kona lōʻihi - o ka nui loa o ka waiwai Radio ale.

Radio nalu propagation o 300 MHz - 300 GHz i kapaiaʻoi loa-kiʻekiʻe hawewe ma muli o kā lākou i kŘpa a kiʻekiʻe alapine (frequency). O iiaciiie-auka e paa ai, ua loa nui, pela ka mea, ma ka huli, ua maheleia iʻanuʻu, a loaʻa kekahi mau papa koa o ke kīwī a me ka Radio, nā a me ka liuliu, palapala, honua a me ka lewa, no ka Radar a me ka hoʻokele, e hoʻouna i 'inikuaʻikepili, a no laila, ma luna o. I loko nō o ka mea i ka laulā holoʻokoʻa o ka Radio ale ua maheleia i mau mea i koho palena i conditional ma waena o lākou. Wale i kaʻai ma hope kekahi i kekahi noke hele mai kekahi i kekahi a me kekahi manawa ano.

Hiʻona o ka puunaue ana o Radio ale

Propagation - he hoolilo o ka ikaika, mai ka alternating electromagnetic a ke kahua o kekahi hapa o ka makahiki i kekahi. I vacuo Radio ka nalu hele i ka mämä holo o ka malamalama. I ka wa olohelohe ia lakou i ka papa no ka nalu propagation i Radio hiki e pilikia. Keia ua hoikeia mai ma ka ei lepa hoʻololi i ka propagation kuhikuhi, deceleration pae a me ka pae velocities.

Kēlā me kēia nalu o nāʻano likeʻole i hoʻohana ma naʻano likeʻole. Long e aho kona palekana mai nā pilikia. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka Radio pae hiki ke hohola ma luna o ka'āina pelane, a me ka wai. Ka hoʻohanaʻana i nä hawewe lōʻihi Ua laha ma ka papa anuʻu loa kai a me nā ipu, a leie aku ia e pili ana i kekahi wahi ma ke kai. Ma ke kōā o ka eono haneri mika ma ka alapine (frequency) o elima haneri kilohertz pila hāpa e pa alima a pau Lighthouse a me ka hoʻopakele AYN.

Radiowave propagation i loko o kekahi papa koa kaumaha ma muli o kā lākou mau alapine (frequency). Ka uuku loa a me ka luna alapine (frequency), ka hou pololei, e ia i ke ala o ka nalu. Alaila, o ka uuku o ka mea i oi aku kona alapine a me ka lōʻihi, no laila, e aho hiki ke lena a puni nā pilikia. Kēlā me kēia poʻe i kona lōʻihi iho o ka Radio ale propagation ano, akā, ma ka palena o ka pili paa ana i malama abrupt loli kiʻiona hiʻona.

hoi o ka makana ano

Keu-lōʻihi a me ka lōʻihi ale hoopuni i ka Honua i ka ili honua, hohola ili honua kukuna no na tausani o ka kilomika.

Ka nalu olohelohe ia lakou i ka omo ikaika, no laila, hiki wale i ka lanakila i ka mamao 500-1500 ei. I ka compacting ka ionosphere ma ka laulā o ka hiki māhele EYI mea ulana lole neaiaea i hoʻolako palapala i mau tausani kilomika.

Nalu pokopoko hele wale pōkole mamao aie i kā lākou ikehu omo ili honua. Space mea hiki o pinepine lewa mai ka Honua i ka ili, a me ka ionosphere, e hele lōʻihi mamao, lawe mai i ka EYI o ka 'ike.

Ultrashort hiki o ka pū i hiki nui dala o ka 'ike. Radio hawewe i ka laulā o komo iloko o ka ionosphere i loko o ka lewa, pela kokoke uala pono no ano honua kahi hana. Ili honua hawewe i kinoea ma kēia mau mea paa ma ka pololei o ka laina,ʻaʻole palekoki i ka ili o ka Honua.

Ma ka'ōnohi huahelu o ka hiki EYI o ka nunui puke o ka 'ike. Loa pinepine hoʻohana 'ia e manawalea kolu o koa'ōnohi nalu. Ka Honua ka lewa, ka mea malalo iho attenuation, nae ma ka ike maopopo i ka neaiae ua pū i hiki ai i ka loihi o ka 5 km. Akā, i ke ano o ka palapala a nenoai eliminates ka pono e loaa ka ae mai o ka kelekaʻaʻike ka nānā 'ana.

modulation rula

I mea e hoʻolele 'ike, ka Radio nalu mea pono e pē mālie i ka peahi ana mai. Ke lēkio leo kī ana i kekahi pē Radio alapine (frequency) i ua loli. Pōkole, meakino a me ka lōʻihi nä hawewe i ikaika hawewe modulation, no laila, e haawiia keia mea i like AM. Mua pē lawe nalu neiʻoniʻoni me ka ikaika ikaika hawewe. Ikaika hawewe modulation no ka EYI hoʻololi kona ikaika hawewe, niioaaonoaaiii, o ka hoailona anakahi uila. Ka ikaika hawewe o ka Radio hawewe loli aʻe ma ka pololei e like me ke anakahi uila neaiaea. VHF alapine (frequency) modulation e, no ke aha la ka mea i haawiia e like me ka World Cup. Frequency modulation auhau ia lakou i hou alapine (frequency) i hāpai 'ike. No ka peahi ana EYI mamao o ka mea pono, e pē mālie ke kiʻekiʻe alapine (frequency) maika i. No ka mea i loaa neaiae pono, e hookaawale ia mai ka iiaciiie-lawe nalu. I ka alapine (frequency) modulation leo ua loaʻa ka emi mai, akā, no ka Radio ua puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka hōʻike ma VHF.

Makaʻu ka heluna i ka pono a me ka laulā o ka Radio ale

I ka pono a me ka hoʻokōʻana o ka Radio nalu? Eaia iaoia e loli ai directional pāhawewe. An hana mea he ukali kukuna e kuhikuhi pāhawewe ma ke kulana o ka loaa mīkiniʻimi hoʻouka kekahi. Kēia papa hana ae mai e e lula 'holomua ma ke kahua o ka Radio kilohōkū, a e ka hailona o discoveries ma ka' epekema. Ae la oia i ka manawa kūpono o ka e pili ana i ka ukali hōʻike ʻikepili wirelessly, a oi. Ua i loaʻa i ka mea hiki ke pāhawewe hou i ka la, he nui h ÷ kŘhele ma ko kakou poe lń ma waho, e like me ka cosmic nebulae a me kekahi mau hoku Radio eʻe. Ua Ua ea ae ka hana e loaʻa nā mea ma waho mākou Wiliau Hōkū me ka ikaika Radio ea puka.

I ka laulā o ka Radio ale, Radio nalu propagation mea maikaʻiʻole ia ma Map ole wale, aka, i nana aku ana. Penei, mika ale, ma ka mea, aole ia e hilinaʻi ma ka nana ana. A propagation mamao kenimika ikaika kalele iho ma ka nana ana. He aie i ka mea i ke koʻana koko 'ia i loko o ka ua ole i ke kiekie ona mau pae i loko o ka lewa o ka nalu hoopuehu aku ai ke kemu.

I pili i ko lakou mea e like ai a me nā pilikia i loko o ke alanui. Ma ia manawa, he hoailona mae i, pela nunui deteriorating audibility paha i ke kino i loko o kekahi mau kekona a oi. Lakou i mea hoike o ka naoh i ka TV airplanes, ka wā i ke kiʻi flickers, a keʻokeʻo lainaʻikeʻia. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka nalu lewa mai ka pelane, a hele ma ka kukuna o ka TV. Uaʻike manaʻo me ka kīwī a me ka Radio transmitters i oi pinepine i loko o hoʻokiwikā wahi, e like me ka Radio ale lewa ma ka laulā o ka hale, kiʻekiʻe-ala hale kiai, mahuahua ke ala o ka nalu.