Ka apana haukapila i loko o ka 19th kenekulia. E wehewehe ana o ka mea mua Apana haukapila

A hiki i ka hapalua like-19th kenekulia i loko o ka Lūkini lapaau i ka apuepue ke kino, a me ka poʻe wale ka poe i huiia mai me ka hoaka o ka papa hiki ke kiʻi ma ka liʻiliʻi loa kekahi kōkua. Akā, hoomaka ae la na mea a pau e hoʻololi ma hope o 1864, ka wā he kūloko ka hoʻoponopono-aupuni.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

I ka 1581 ma Moscow ikea mai ka mua mea kaʻawili lāʻau keʻena i i ka mua mua i loko o ka hoʻolālā o ke ola kino malama nenoaiu. Eia naʻe, kupono e ulu ai i ole ana, a me wale i loko o ka kakahiaka 18th kenekulia Peter I lawelawe 'ia i ka moʻo o ka hana ma a hoomaka ae la e wehe iaeoaeuiiai eiiieaena, keʻena kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kula a me nā kulanui e lńkou wā e hiki mai kauka.

Hope, ka wā Alexander I, kamailio e pili ana i ka pono, e hana i kekahi haukapila Apana kūlanakauhale, akā, mua oe pono e wehe i ka 'inikua kula. Eia naʻe, i kēia mau anaʻana i ole kōkua e hoʻololi i ke kulana, a wale 0.5% o kanaka ke loaa mālama '. Ma 6000 ua kekahi kauka no kahi moe, he 1,500 poʻe e noho ana. A pau no laila, makemake i hoomau ināʻaʻole no ka mea kūloko ka hoʻoponopono-aupuni i hele mai ai i kona mau dala i hoomaka ai e hoʻonohonoho i ka Apana haukapila, outpatient, maternity, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

Zemsky kulanui kōkua kanaka o nā papa, e hoʻoikaika 'i ke kulana, a ma kēlā me kēia'āina i kona mau kulana.

aupuni kauka

I ka noho ana o ka Apana haukapila i loko o ka 19th kenekulia (oi loa aku hoi ma ke kua'āina wahi), e pono 'Oihana i hiki i ke kōkua ma kekahi mau wahi, HEN, mai ka mea, he pono ole anu i ka maʻi nui.

Medicine i loko o ke kula, mua hoʻomohala i ka lilo o ke kalana, a kūlanakauhale kauka, a laila, i ka 'Oihana opiopio initially waiho i loko o ke kauhale. Aia i kekahi kiʻi o ka aina kauka, ka mea i he kiʻekiʻe pono a me ka pono ano, selflessness, a me ka makemake e kōkua i ka poʻe i loko o nele, a loaa he maikai ia ma luna o ke kahua o ka wā e hiki mai o ka laau lapaau.

Zemsky Ho 'Oponopono Moscow'āina a pau

I ka 1869, hoomaka ae la oia e ho okumu zemstvo lapaau i loko o ka'āina. A hiki i ka makahiki 1877 Ahaolelo Lahui hala na kumu, ka mea i koho 'ia ma ka māhele o ka aina i loko o eono' inikua apana, kahi a lakou e noho ana me ka haukapila koʻokoʻo, moe, kauka, paramedic, pale keiki.

He nui nā manaʻo i ka Apana haukapila o Moscow aina, he he kumu hoʻohālike no nā Ho 'Oponopono i loko o nā wahi. Ho okumu o Medicine i maheleia i mau manawa. Ma ka mea mua, mai ka makahiki 1865 a hiki i 1876, ua he kokololio mahuahua i loko o ka buke o kaʻoihana kālā o iaeoaeuiiai eiiieaena, mahuahua ka helu o ke koʻokoʻo. Ma ka lua, mai ka makahiki 1877 a hiki i 1907, ua he 'inikua aeuiiai ieaia?: Ua paʻa' inikua congresses, e pili ana ola kino kulanui a me nā kauka loaa 'inikua kula.

Moscow Apana ahalunakanawai, i kekahi o ka mea mua, a ua i noa a me ka lehulehu ola lawelawe. Keia ua kōkua e hoomahuahua i ka laulā o ka Kāohiʻana a me ka hooponopono ana o ka maʻi'ōkuʻu, e like me ka ulu mahuahua ma ka uptake o na kauwa no ka kōkua. Akā, ma ka loiloi mua kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, ua, e kuhikuhi mai ikehu a pau i loko o e pili ana i ka primitive ano o ka 'inikua hana. Best o nā mea a pau 'inikua kōkua i hoʻonohonoho i ka hanalima Apana e like me Bogorodsky a me Moscow, a me ka poʻe hewa nui o nā mea a pau i loko o kua'āina counties (Mozhaisk, Volokamsky).

Zemsky Ho 'Oponopono Tver'āina a pau

I ka 1867 ua ka mua ma Tver ST haukapila, a ua lilo ia i wahi ole wale kahi kanaka e hele mai i ka e hana, akā, i ka piko o ka lawelawe a me ka nohona kuʻuna.

Ma Tver kauka Ahaolelo Lahui i ka 1871 hoʻoholo ihola ia, ma mua e lilo ana i ke kauka maikai, e pono e nana i ke kaiapuni i loko i nā mea maʻi e ola nei. He nui e ike i loaʻa hygienic rula, i mea na keia o ke ola, no ka mea, e kōkua i ka hana, ka mea, e ike kiʻi o kanaka e maʻi nui pinepine mea.

A kūikawā kūlana i loko o ka ulu ana o ka lapaau i loko o ka'āina hookani i kekahi kauka, Mikhail Ilyich Petrunkevich, ka poe i hele mai i ke kulanakauhale i ka 1874. He hiki skillfully hui pu iho kā lākou hana a me ka pilina hana, e hoʻokū i ka lapaau ana i ka mea o nā kulanui. Ma ka haukapila, e kūʻai hou lako a pan i ka manawa, kuai buke, mai kahi'ē, e ho okumu i ka waihona e kokua mai, e aʻo mai i ka hana o ka haole akamai.

Na Hale mai ma Samara māhele 'āina

E wehewehe ana o ka mea mua Apana haukapila i loko o ka Samara māhele 'āina i wahi i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 19th kenekulia, henehene kou ma ke kakahiaka nui 60s. Before mea, i ka'āina i wale kekahi haukapila kahi he mau wale 12 moe no 20 000 heluna kanaka, a, ua malamaia lakou nei no a pau mai,ʻaʻole wale nō ano o kanaka, akā, i ke koa, a me ka poe pio.

I ka makahiki 1865, ma ka outskirts o ke ala kūpono haukapila i wehe, a i kela kanaka keia kanaka, nānā 'ole o ka papa' ole 'ē aku. I keia manawa, he 7 kauka, 26 paramedics, he 360 moe. Aie i ka mea i ka mea i weheia kekahi mau 'inikua kula, hoomaka ae la lapaʻau e hoʻomohala hoʻomaka koke, a ua i ka 1899 o ka Apana haukapila i wehe i loko o kua'āina wahi, aia nō ma kahi o 70 apana.

Ma ka 1875 i ka papa kuhikuhiE moku'āina Halemai Moiwahine i wehe, a ma ka 1890, he 5 piha-manawa nā kupa a me 9 supernumeraries. Ka mea nui wale nō e hiki i ka pau ana o ke kenekulia - hoomaka ae la e hana i ka poe ilihune no ka noa, a me na laau i haawiia mai.

E piʻi like a me ka hopena o zemstvo lapaau

Ma ke Kalana Lapaʻau malama i hoakaka ia ma ka 34'āina, a me keia lapaʻau ua moekolohe i ka holumua ai kūlana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ana. Eia hou kekahi, kōkua i aka ole wale kulanakauhale nā kupa akā, i kua'āina, a me ka mea i manaoia heʻanuʻu nui i loko o ke ola kino mālama kahua.

Mahalo i ka County ikea lapaau manaÿo e like me accessibility, Kāohiʻana, mālama noa, a ma laila nō ia mau hui, i mua i manaʻo o - mud bato, pākōlea-ai 'ikamu, malumalu.

I ka lapaau, he "e holumua ai" kauka i ike i ka hailona, hiki kokua ma kekahiʻaoʻao, e like me ka pono i lawelawe 'ia ka noiʻi, a nānā aku i ka maʻi, no laila, wehe aʻela ia i bacteriological institutes a me nā keʻena hoʻokolohua hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe Buro, obstetric a me ka' inikua kula.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka Apana haukapila pinepine loaa emi dala, pono, ai ', i ka loa muli o ka oihana lapaau, kahi a pau, nānā' ole o ko lākou kūlana, ke loaa ma ka liʻiliʻi loa kekahi kōkua, ia ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka hooulu ana o ka laau lapaau.