Ka hema ventricle o ka naau: 'ole, ho'āʻo, pathology

kānaka a me nā luna mammals, ka naau ninoieo o eha keʻena: elua atria a me nā ventricles. Alaila, i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o na ventricles like hoʻi me ka atria i māheleʻia i loko o ka pono a me ka lima hema.

Ka hema ventricle o ka hoʻomaka o ka systemic holo.

'anatomia

Post haʻalele ventricle a me ka hema atrium Via ka hema atrioventricular hamama, mai ka akau ventricle ventriculus sinister loa kaʻawale interventricular septum. Mai kēia keʻena o ka naau koe ka aorta, i ke koko ma luna o ia mea ua lako oukou me ka o oxygen ma ka liʻiliʻi arteries hina i ka na nā loko.

Ua nana ventricle hema e like ka huluʻohana, a me ka mea wale nō kekahi o nā mea a pau Panel komo i loko o ke kahua o ka naau apex. Aie i ka mea nui ma mua i loko o ka ventricle akau, i ka nui, ka mea, ua manaoio aku i ka naau mea ma ka hema, akā, ma ka oiaio ia mea kokoke i ka piko o ka pahu.

hema ventricular pa e umi i ka umikumamalima millimeters manoanoa, i mea mau manawa hou ma mua o like nā hoailona ma ka ventricle akau. Kēia mea ma muli o ia oi? Acaeoey? Myocardium ma kaʻaoʻao hema ma muli o ia i ka wahie, kiʻekiʻe. Ia mea, i ke kiekie o ka buke o ka hana i hana, o ka mānoanoa o ka naau paia. Ka hema ventricle pushes koko, komo i loko o ka systemic holo, oiai ka ventricle akau e hoʻolako koko ka leo no ka uuku p ÷ ai. I mea no ke aha la, ma lalo o maʻamau rula, i ka hope o ua poorly ke kino, a me kona mānoanoa mea correspondingly emi.

Atrioventricular memo (puka) ma kaʻaoʻao hema ua hoopili mitral kiwikā, oia hoi o ka posterior a me ka anterior leaflets. Ke alo o Nyos i loko o ka wahi o ka interventricular septum, a me ka hope - mawaho ona.

Mai nā'ēheu hohola aku chord - tendon kaula makalii e malama i ke kāʻei i ka papillary nāʻiʻo. Ma kēia mau nāʻiʻo kiwikā a me ka hanaʻia kona oihana, i ua, i systole, aole mea ole hoi ke koko hoʻi i loko o ka atrium.

Papillary nāʻiʻo i pili i ka mea i ho'ākāka 'myocardial protrusions (fleshy trabecula) i i ka hooponopono ia ma luna o ka loko o ke ventricular lua. Oia trabeculae i maopopo pono hoʻomohala i loko o ka wahi o ka interventricular septum a me ka apex o ka naʻau, akā, i ka helu o ia i loko o ka ventricle hema mea uuku ma mua o ka'ākau.

Ka lōʻihi a me ka helu o nā chords o ka hema ventricle kanaka. Me ka elemakule, kā lākou lōʻihi i nā piʻi pū, ua inversely e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka papillary Muscle. More pinepine ma mua i ka chord e hele mai kekahi Muscle pili ana i kekahi lau. Eia hou, i ka 'akomi i chords e hoʻohui i ka papillary nāʻiʻo a hiki i ka trabeculae.

I wahi o ka OAAIeOO o ka aorta o ka semilunar kiwikā, ma i ke koko, aole ia e hele mai hoʻi, mai ka aorta i loko o ka naau.

Nā aʻalolo impulse ma hema ventricular myocardium komo ma ulana lole pio aku (o kona hema wāwae). It E ke kaulana i ua kuhikuhi wale ka hema ventricle lāʻau ikiʻai wale ma na lala elua - ka mua a me ka hope.

No o ka ventricle hema a me kona oihana

Pili i na wahi e ae o ka naau, i ka ventricle hema mea i lalo, ma ke kua, a ma ka hema. Ke kae o kona oi ua hoʻokōʻia, a ua kapaʻia he pulmonary ili. Iloko o ke ola ana o ka buke o ke keena, piʻi pū mai ka 5.5 knm ³ (no na kamalii uuku) i ka 210 knm ³ (umikumamawalu i iwakalua-kumamalima makahiki).

I e like me ka mea pono, ma ka ventricle hema ua oi nō i ka'ololaha a me oblong kinona, nui muscular a iki hou ma mua o ia.

Ka haʻalele ventricular kanu'ōiwi nā hōʻike i ka helu o ka Oihana.

• Front (infundibulum) hōʻike ana me ka aorta ma ka arterial puka.
• Hope (nae ventricular lua) e hōʻike ana i ka auricle akau.

E like me ka olelo ma luna, ma muli o ia ka nui ulu ka myocardium o ka hema ventricular paia mānoanoa kaʻumikumamākahi i ka umikumamaha millimeters.

Hema ventricular hana mea kala o oxygenated koko i loko o ka aorta (a ma ka systemic holo) a laila, ma ka mea ulana pukapuka, o arteries liilii, a me ka capillaries ia lŘlŘ ka ai nā loko a me nā'aʻaʻa o ka pau meaola.

physiology

Ma lalo o maʻamau rula, ma ka hema a me ka pono ventricles hoʻohana synchronously. Kā lākou hana i wahi i loko o nā kūlana: systole a me ka diastole (pakahi, i ka contraction a me ka hoʻomaha). Systole, ma ka huli, ua maheleia i mau manawa:

1. Anakahi uila: nā asynchronous a me ka isometric contraction;
2. Expulsion: Includes hookeai a me ka lohi expulsion.

Asynchronous anakahi uila wehewehe aku haoʻa contraction o Muscle olona, o ka myocardium, like me ka hopena o ka haoʻa i ka makana o ke excitation. Atrioventricular kiwikā ua paa hou mai la i keia manawa. Ma hope o excitation uhi a pau myocardial olona, a me ka puʻe i loko o ka ventricles, piʻi pū, ka nohona kiwikā pani, a me ka lua ua paa.

Ma hope o ka manehu o ka ventricular pā o ke koko, piʻina i kanawalu mm o Hg. v., a me ka likeʻole me ka manaʻo koikoi i loko o ka aorta mea 2 mm o Hg. Art., Semilunar kiwikā wehe, koko kahe ana i loko o ka aorta. Ka wā i inverse pono, mai ka aortic koko puapua semilunar kiwikā slam.

Mahope o ka ventricular myocardium relaxes a ma ka mitral kiwikā mai ka atrial koko komo i ka ventricle. Ke kaʻina laila 'oe a.

Haʻalele ventricular dysfunction

Hoomaopopo systolic a diastolic dysfunction o ka naau keʻena.

I ka systolic ventricular dysfunction, hoemiia hana e pahu aku ai i ke koko mai ka lua i loko o ka aorta, i mea o ka loa e like me ka kumu o ka naʻau ole.

Oia dysfunction ana ia lŘlŘ ma muli o ka contraction o ka mea hiki wale mai, i nā hualoaʻa ma ka emi ma ka hahau buke.

Haʻalele ventricular diastolic dysfunction - he emi i loko o kona hiki ana i hoʻopiha ai me ke koko i ka lua ( 'o ia hoʻi kaulike diastolic iie). Keia ano hiki ke alakai i ka haumāna hypertension (nā venous a me ka arterial), i ka pu ma ka dyspnoea, cough a me paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

naau mā

Aia mau congenital a me ka loaa. Ka hope nō i ka hopena o ka haunaele ma ka embryonic wā. Ka waeʻano komo pū congenital PilikiaʻAʻole i hoʻonohonoho pono nohona kiwikā, keu i loko o ka ventricle hema me kekahi pili 'chord lōʻihi mauae septum ma waena o nā ventricles, transposition ('āno'ē wahi) o nui moku.

Inā he mea he keiki o ke kina atrial a ventricular pā, a me ka venous arterial koko ua hui. Children me ia ke kino kīnā ma ka hoʻohuiʻia ia me ka transposition o na moku i bluish ili, a initially o ka wale symptom.

Inā transposition Ua makana me ka noho kaʻawaleʻana kina, ke hypoxia hiki aku ai i koi aku la lakou make hoouka. Ma kekahi hihia (ka wā e huai ae hewa ma mua hanau) mea hiki, e hoʻomaka i ka hana.

E mālama nei iʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaau mea e pono ai, a no nā hema ventricular mā (e laʻa me, mā o ka aortic kiwikā 'ole ka mitral kiwikā).

Haʻalele ventricular hypertrophy

Wehewehe aku sila ventricular pa.

Ke kumu o keia kulana hiki e:

• Paakiki loa-makahiki aʻo ( 'oihana haʻuki).
• Helu inactivity.
• Paka e uwahi ana.
• Alcoholism.
• Farben maʻi.
• Muscular Dystrophy.
• Ka hoʻonaʻauao.
• ʻike ākea vascular pathology.
• Obesity.
• Atherosclerosis.
• Mimikō mellitus.
• Ischemia.
• Hypertension.

Initially, ka maʻi mea asymptomatic, a me ka Holomua o ke kaʻina aicieeaao wahahee angina, maʻule hou ihola nō, pōniuniu, luhi. A laila pili ana i ka naau o ka hoʻokō 'ole wehewehe aku ma ka dyspnea (a me ka poʻe i loko o ke koena).

hema ventricular ole

Pinepine ia ia lŘlŘ i loko o ke kāʻei kua.

• Aortic mā.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• Hypertension.
• Myocardial infarction.
• Syphilitic aortitis.
• Atherosclerotic cardio.

Kēia pathology Ua wehewehe aku e holumua ai cyanosis, pokole o ka hanu, nawaliwali,ʻeha i loko o ka naau, ma ka mea ku ei o nā kino, a no laila, ma luna o.

ʻike, a haʻalele ventricular abnormalities

• Ultrasound (hoʻoholo 'o congenital malformations);
• ECG;
• MRI;
• HI;
• pahu X-Ray;
• PCG;
• echocardiography.

Pehea e hana i ka haʻalele ventricle o ka naau

E like me ka olelo ma luna, naau mā pinepine he ponoʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaau.

Hypertrophy o ka ventricle hema o ka naau hiki ke hana me ka hui malu pu ana o ka Hoʻokolohua blockers a "Verapamil". Kēia iaoia ho'ēmi i kā ka lapaʻau hoikeana o ka maʻi. Pū ai 'paipai eaioiuo a me rejection o ka hewaʻano, ke kaupaonaʻana ka ho'ēmiʻana a me ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka paakaiʻai ana.

Keʻai E e lako kaʻawaʻawa o ka waiu a me ka haleʻuwī waiū huahana, hua, MeaʻAi O Ke Kai a me kaʻai iā. Eia hou, i ka paa mea e emi ka nui o nā mea momona, ono loa a me ka starchyʻai. Ua pono lōpū hoounauna.

Ma waho makeʻe kulana lapaau, aʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau ua noi ia, nona wehe hapa hypertrophied myocardium. Ua pono e hoomanao i keia pathology e hoʻomōhala ana i loko o kekahi mau makahiki.

I ka wa e hele mai e haʻalele ventricular ole, ma keia hihia, e hoʻohana i ka hana "naau" ai ' "Korglikon", "corazole", "Strofantin", "camphor", "Kordiamin", e like me o oxygen inhalation a me ka moe koena.