Kakolina diesel ko: hoakaka a me nā hōʻike manaʻo

Kekahi o ka mea nui hewa o ka Lūkini kaʻa hana o ka nele o ka nui o ke kakolina diesel hi. Ma nānaina o ka kūloko Manufacturers i e hoʻohana haole counterparts. Ka hooulu ana o kēia mau Hawaii hoomaka wale i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka hope ke kenekulia, a me ka nuipa a koho nō 'aʻole e hōʻike. Next, ke kakolina diesel VAZ kaa mākou noonoo.

elue

Ka mua mana kakolina diesel kaaʻikeʻia ma Europe i loko o ka 30s. ka hope kenekulia. Ma ka USSR, keia hiki nui hope, no kekahi mau kumu.

Mua, i kēia mau mana 'iniha, i oi ole e hana e like me ka kola counterparts.

Elua, diesels ia manawa nunui lagged ma hope o ka hana ana.

Ke kolu, Hawaii Local i haʻi io hana: kiʻekiʻe halulu pae, na pilikia o ka anu hoʻomaka ', haʻahaʻa? Aneie friendliness.

Fourthly, i ka manawa o ka kakolina ua loa nike, no laila, i kekahi kaumaha hana i hoʻolako pono me kola kiko'ī. E like me ka diesels kumuʻano nui hoʻohana i kaumaha machines, kahi ka mea, ua oi pili ma mua o kakolina kiko'ī ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe-ikehu.

Kekahi o ka mea mua Soviet ohua kaʻa, kiʻi i ka kakolina diesel engine, ka mea, lilo iho la ka GAZ-21, a me kona mea hoʻolilo mea like: ma na 60s. Aaeuaeeneei mīkini i hoʻokū pono ia i kekahi mau nā kinolau ka lewa kiko'ī o na hana.

Ma ka 70-ies. Ua hoomakaʻeleu kūkākūkā o ke kakolina diesel kiko'ī i loko o hi ka poe liilii, a me ka meakino papa. Ke kumu nui i ka ikehu ulia o 1973 Uhane & Hawaii Local ma laila Hawaiʻi nunui. Ka mea, ua oi ke kola counterparts ma ka olelo o ka hoʻokōʻana a me ka mea paʻa ma ka 1.5-2 manawa, ma muli o ia ka ikaika nui ae o ka wahi. Auana ua hoi hoʻokāʻoi 'ma o ka hoʻohana a turbines.

First vazovskiy kakolina diesel

Ma ka Volga ulia kaʻa Plant e hoʻomōhala kakolina diesel kiko'ī no ka ohua Ke Ana Hoʻohālike hoomaka ma ka 80s. Akamai, ka mea i hoʻoholo i kūkulu i ka Hawaii me ke kakolina hua mai la ia e ka 'ike loea eiiiiiaiou, ai papahana ma luna o 2108. Ma mua o ia ma laila i ka pilikia o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka wahie lako a pan o ke kakolina diesel kiko'ī no ka ohua hi.

E like me ka hopena, ma ke kumu o ka aeie 2103 i hana mai i ka lewa powerplant VAZ-341 ka leo 1,45 nā lika a me 55 nā lika. i kekahi. Ua i kekahi precombustion manao mau mea kōkua i hoʻohuihui kuʻe wahi, a ma ke kaʻawale keena. Uila no kahi e. Ka puunaue ana o wahie i loko o nā nā paukūʻolokaʻa lawe kiʻekiʻe puʻe wahie EII ni. Ma ka manao, kakolina diesel VAZ like ia Ford Hawaii a me Volkswagen i kakahiaka nui 80-ies. Ua olelo ia i ka engine, a me ka hope hāpana ua, ua lawe ia no ka hooulu ana.

E like me ka hoao hualoaʻa hookupaa iho la ia ia ia mea unacceptable e hoʻohana i ka hae "kakolina" wahi. Kakolina diesel VAZ, e like me na Hawaii o keʻano wehewehe aku e mahuahua wahie, aie i ka luna mīkini'opihia hiʻohiʻona. No ka mea, o keia na mea he nui o na kumu mua nele i ka ikaika, ka oi aku o ka crankʻano papa hana, a kuʻe pae. Ke kahua Ua ano hoomainoino ma ka haʻahaʻa miomio manufacturing.

Ma muli o kēia, i ka makahiki 1984, ka mea i hoʻoholo i ka hana i kekahi 1,7 hano kakolina diesel ma muli VAZ-2106 ka hoʻohana 'oihana mua 21083.

I ka makahiki 1986, ka mea i hana i ka turbocharged hoʻokolohua o ka 3411 nona iho o 65 nā lika. i kekahi. a me 114 HI, a me kuu mau lako pono me ia, "Niva" me ka 'inideka o 21215. naʻe, ka mea, i mai o ka mea koke.

Aka, VAZ-2105 me ka m +-341 Hawaii i loaa 'inideka 21055, ua hala moku'āina e ho'āʻo ai i loko o 1986-1988, nae, hoʻowahāwahā i ka unification o ka Hawaii me ke kakolina, i ke kaʻa i ole holo i? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Kēia ka ukuia i na kumu. Kekahi o na kumu nui - i ka nele o ka moku'āina kālā kākoʻo.

moʻo kakolina diesel kiko'ī

Next manawa no ka hooulu ana o ke kakolina diesel kiko'ī ko i ka makahiki 1996 a me "Barnaultransmash". Terms o ke alu likeʻana i ka lua o ka mea kanu, e paka mana huahelu VAZ ulu. ohana o ekolu kiko'ī i ua hana.

Ua lilo i ka loiloi mua 341-la Hawaii, mahuahua i 1,52 nā lika ka leo. More efficient engine 343 i ka buke o 1.8 nā lika. Ka loa ikaika loa hōʻoia - ka mea, o ka mea ia kakolina diesel VAZ i hoʻolako pono me IHI mīkini peahi uila, a me ka 'inideka o 3431. nā kiko'ī loaa wahie lako a Bosch.

I kulike ai me keia hoʻomohala i ka laulā o ke kakolina diesel ka hoʻololi 'ana o ka hae ana hoʻohālike. Oia kiko'ī i? Aaony ia e hoʻohana 'ia ma utilitarian kaa. Penei, 21045 a me 21048 kaʻa oaony iai? Oaiaaou aspirated nā kinolau 341 a me 343, kekahi me kekahi. Ma ka "kula" 21215-50 a me 21215-70 ia e hoʻouka kekahi 1.8 hano maoli ai aspirated a turbocharged kiko'ī, niioaaonoaaiii, ma ka VAZ-21315 - wale 3431.

By 2000 Barnaul Plant E ke Kumu i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke kakolina diesel kiko'ī,ʻikepili, a ma ke kahu moku, hoomaka iho la? Iecaianoaaiiuo ma luna o ka mea hoʻonoho o ke kakolina diesel engine VAZ-2104 a me ka 2105. mau kaa i hua mai la i ka poe liilii, batches.

I loko nō o ka poe ilihune hana, Hawaii hi hoʻokokoke. No ka uku hana kola mana pa alima emi i loko o nāʻano mea, uaʻaʻole maopopo nui no kēia mau ana hoʻohālike, akā, ua mahuahua markedly ka hoʻokele waiwai. I ka Ia manawa ka engine i ka ia pilikia e like me ka mea mua 341 ko kakolina diesel VAZ: aie i ka mea haʻahaʻa me mechanical ikaika o ka pae kuʻe ka mea, ua nui loa pōkole-noho. Pake ola ua 30-40 tausani. Km. I a hiki i ka mea i koi 'holo kaʻa kālā e like me ka hana hou kakolina diesel VAZ, iloko olaila ma ka hope o ka paukūʻolokaʻa pu me ke kuʻe pae.

Over manawa, he nuiʻanoʻenehana pilikia i ua kane manaopaa, kūpono i mahuahua engine mea paʻa. Naʻe, i ka 2003, ua wehe 'ia VAZ-21045 mai? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Ka i koe, 500 kiko'ī VAZ-341 hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o sedans, i loaa 'inideka 21055. Total hua mai la ma kahi o 6,000 kakolina diesel kaa no 3 makahiki.

Kumu no ka ole

Mass? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ke kakolina diesel ohua kaa i ole e hookupaa i, no kekahi mau kumu. Ke kumu nui o ia mau mea - ka unprofitability o ke kala o na mea kiko'ī no ka mea, o ka me ka nui loa OOAOAaXUEIE manao. Nā kiko'ī i ka ia precombustion noaia like me ka mua 341-la prototype, a me ka nui loa lagged ma hope o ka laekahi counterparts o ka hana ana a me ka? Aneie friendliness. I mea e loaʻa ai ka pono imua hana ka mea, ua pono, e hana i kekahi okoa engine mea i manao ai. Kuokoa kūpono 'ana ia mea, noonoo pono ole, a me ka ole oaoieei-hui no keia ua. Eia hou, e kūʻai i nā huahana luawai VAZ, a me ka kakolina diesel.

aie kiko'ī

No ka mea, aole he kupono ohua nuipa kakolina diesel VAZ pinepine ae la oia aie Hawaiiʻaoʻao.

No laila, i ka 1981, ka mea noʻonoʻo i ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻololi 'ana i ke kakolina engine VAZ-2121 ma ke komo' ana o ke kakolina diesel Porche.

Mai 1987 a hiki i 1990 i ka Hookah i loko o ka huipūʻana me ka German mea hoʻokomo Deutsche Lada ua ulu ka manao, e ho okumu i ka mea hoʻolilo kēia o ka Niva me Volkswagen mana pa alima. Naʻe, ka poe hoole i ke hakuloli i kona 1,9 hano engine i Niva anuu.

I ka 1993, ua kauoha aku la e hookupaa i ke alu like 'ana ma ke ala hookahi me Peugeot. Komikina'Āina ma ka Palani mea hoʻokomo JeanʻOiai ka Hookah i hakuloli ka 1.9L XUD-9L engine no ka mea hoʻonoho ma ka VAZ-2121. machines Hookah hoʻoili i loko o "Lada-mea hoʻolilo". Aia e maʻamau hoopakeleia "Niva", a ia auou caiaiai i ka hae Hawaii ma Farani. Total hua mai la i kahi o 6,000 mau kaa ma Farani, Spain, Italy a me Europa, wahi kanaka'ē aʻe.

Eia hoʻi, i loko o Italy, "Martorelli" i hoʻolako pono me "Niva" Hawaii VM a me ka FNM.

Naʻe, a me ka hoike ana o? Aneie mau hae Euro-2 uuku-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ke kakolina diesel "Neve" pau.

I ka 1998, pu me Peugeot, a "Martorelli" VAZ ho'āʻo e kūkulu i? Iecaianoaaiiuo o "kula" me ka Hawaii Peugeot XUD-9SD. Eia naʻe, no hoi i ka hana e e pani ma muli o ia ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o Euro-3 hae.

Eia hou, mai ka 1995 a hiki i 1997 engine PSA TDU5 mai ka Peugeot 106 a me Citroen Saxo me ka polokalamu na mea pākuʻi a hoʻolako me ka palapala ka piʻiʻana Samara no ka Palani kuai, a me ka Benelux'āina.

Nā ho okolohua

I ka 2007, Chevrolet Niva ma kanaka koi "Theme hoʻohui" e kuhikuhi i ka FNM Hawaii.

I ka 2014, ho okolohua Lada 4x4 me ka 1,3 hano 75 Hp. i kekahi. Hawaii Fiat Multijet. Ma keia hihia, ka mea, ua i hana maʻalahi me ka EYI o ka ikehu ke kaupalenaʻana a me ka Analog circuitry pilina no ka hiki-kaʻa 'ohua.

Super hi kaupaona i nā i ka manawa kūpono o ka holo ana i "Lada" 4x4 1.5 hano kakolina diesel engine, mai ka Renault Duster ma 2015. I hou, i ka mana kaʻa i ua hana me ka 100-horsepower 1.8 hano engine.

I ka manao o ke kakolina diesel kiko'ī

XIX. Mana pa alima papahana ho okumu ia ma ka hoʻouluʻana i ka mua 341-la engine VAZ: kakolina diesel Ua hoʻomāhuahua ka 4 mm o kuʻe mapuna (84 mm). Me ua māhuahua keia dala mai 1,45 a 1,52 nā lika. Paukūʻolokaʻa poʻo i ka Aluminum, ke alakai bushing, ka nohona kiwikā hookolokolo - o ka oka a hoolei hao inserts'ā keʻena - o ka superalloy. Kinoea hoi o ka makanaʻano papa hana aie mai ka VAZ-2108. E hana ana i hana hehi kiwikā 'ilikai elektropereplava. Crankshaft - mai ka 2103 me ka mahuahua oolea ke ahonui, hohola Pńk'pika. Mahuahua rigidity o ka ninini 'ole 2103. hoʻouka kekahi incandescent ihoiho. Hawaii like me ka lako pono nona iho o 1,7 kW (1.9 ma VAZ-21055). Kēia koi kiʻekiʻe-nona iho o na pu ki (AA 60 a 65 hola). Eia kekahi, hoʻouka kekahi Bosch wahie EII ni , a me ka holo EII ni, e hana i ka holo i loko o ka wawahi booster.

Aia deforsirovan nā loli 3413 papahana no ka olelo hoopomaikai nā kaʻa kauō a me ka pila holo. Mai ka mau 341-ko Hawaii mea okoa kali i ka i kā mākou mämä holo i ka 3000 ma kahi o ka 4800.

1.8 hano kiko'ī hana ma ka hoʻoulu i ka paukūʻolokaʻa anawaena mai ka 76 a hiki i 82 mm o.

Aia turbocharged Lolina 1,45 hano engine 341 (3411), a VAZ-343 (3431 a me ka mīkini peahi uila IHI)

oaoieei-ano

I kaulana ma luna, no ka mea, o ka obsolete manao VAZ-341 i ka haʻahaʻa productivity i like i ka analogs o ia mau manawa. Kona naʻe ia 54 nā lika. i kekahi. ma 4600 rev / min, i ka ikehu - 92 HI ma 2300 rev / min. Ia mea, a hiki i ka lua o ka anakahi, e haawi ala i ka kola Hawaii (103 HI ma ka VAZ-21043). Most kiʻekiʻe-ikehu i haʻahaʻa ka mämä holo i hoʻolako 'ia e nā kiʻi hana a me ka ho'ēmi i kā kapa hiʻohiʻona.

Version 3413 derated i 32 nā lika. i kekahi. ma 3000 rev / min.

Maoli ai, oi hoʻomāhuahua ai 1.8 L kakolina diesel VAZ: hoakaka e 65 nā lika. i kekahi. ma 4600 rev / min a me 114 HI ma 2500 rev / min.

Turbochargedʻano e hoʻomōhala ana i 80 noho ho'āo ai. i kekahi. ma 4600 rev / min a me 147 HI ma 2500 R / min.

kakolina diesel hi

Mea hoʻonoho o ke kakolina diesel no VAZ-2104 i lawe mai i loko o ka 'Oihana o ka malama a me ka? Aiiio o VAZ hi. Pilot? Iecaianoaaiiuo hoʻomaka 'ia ma 1998, ka hoʻokuʻu' he'ōhui o 50 machines me ka m-341 kakolina diesel (21045).

Ma hope ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoao i ka mīkini me ka 343-la engine (21048) a me kona hou (nā kumu waiwai i ho'āʻo e mahuahua mai i 150 tausani. Km). Ua Ua? Oaony e kūkulu i? Iecaianoaaiiie i ka 2005, akā, e holomua.

VAZ-21315, ua hoomakaukau no ke kala i ka makahiki 2002, akā, e holo no hoi mai.

hiʻona

Kakolina diesel hale nā hiʻona kekahi manao hiʻona mai kakolina VAZ-2104. Kakolina diesel no ka mea, o ka mea nui nuipa a koi e hookupaa nui ae i ka ikaika mua mai paha waipuna. Main paʻa Ua auou caiaiai ia 4,1 i 3,9. E compensate no ka walaau, a mahuahua nui mai ke kakolina diesel engine hoʻouka kekahi ma ka engine pahu hou kani'īpale (e hoomalu aku i ka hewa, a me ka hale noho). A no ka maluhiluhi paipu wahīʻia loop i mea e pale mea hoʻohaumia o ka akau kukui ka pouli. Ma ka dashboard ua ka glow polokalamu paio hahana maoli nō ke kukui a me ka kī o ka wahie Kānana iaia? Aaaoaeuiuo (i loko o keia hihia ia mea,ʻaʻole ma luna o kukui).

Reviews

Soon ma hope o nā nā kānaka moʻolelo "ka huila" ua hoano e hale VAZ kakolina diesel. Reviews hōʻike hou pakiko-pae'ōnaehana engine ma haʻahaʻa revs. No laila, a hiki i kiʻi ma lalo o ke ala hiki ia he 5th kapa, a me 30 km / h kaʻina kānāwai ala apuupuu hou. I ka 'ōkuhi e hoʻokēʻai ai, i ka mea ku ole, oe i ke OIeEOEIeAeEIIe, oi pinepine ma mua o ke kakolina kaʻa, no ka mea, o ka mea hoopokole ka papa paʻa. Pela ma kekahi hihia i nāʻano o ke kakolina diesel kaʻa mea hope. Wale i haʻahaʻa ka māmā holo, he hōʻemi iki lanakila.

Ke hoʻonui i ka 100 km / h kakolina VAZ-2104 wikiwiki 8. Ma waho kakolina diesel mīkini emi i ka i kā mākou mämä holo o 13 km / h. I ka accelerating mai i ka hahau ana mai ka 20 a hiki i 90 km / h emi ma mua o ka nahā i (ma kahi o 3 kekona). Eia hou kekahi, hōʻike manaʻo o ka lehulehu ākea "Auto", he kakolina diesel ka meheu o naoh i ke kinoea hehi wāwae.

Me ka pili ana i ka kiʻekiʻe halulu pae, a ua ana wehewehe aku e ia kekahi engine, kakolina diesel VAZ me ka nui loa nui ma ka hana ole ana (6-8 DB (A)). Me ka hoʻoulu Hope like ua hoemi ia e 3.1 DB (A), a laila, nalo.

I ka hōʻike i nā hualoaʻa nā kānaka moʻolelo loaa he 10% oko ao ma ka awelike wahie hoopau ana i ka hui ana. Eia naʻe, no ka pono kālā o ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi kakolina diesel engine me ka Hawaii wahie kumukuai ma ka manawa o ka hoao ana, he 36%. Reporters pōpilikia i ka nui $ 1,300 kāki o ka mīkini uku aku i 180 tausani. Km.

Manaʻo Kōkua maiʻike piʻi ka VAZ-21048, ka mea i huli mai nui hou 'O ke kaulike, a, i ke aloha i oi kiʻekiʻe-ikehu, e leie aku oe e OIeEOEIeAeEIIe,ʻaʻole loa hoʻi.

Me ka ia engine ua pono ka hoike wale "Niva", o ka oi aku aku-alanui.

VAZ-3411 huli ma luna o ka Hawaii like me ka ano 2121. E like me ke kola engine, ia mea maikaʻi hoike mai ai ia ia iho ma kiʻekiʻe ka māmā holo. I ka ia mea ma haʻahaʻa ka māmā holo, hookomo iho la i lalo, a hiki ma mua o ka poʻe o ka VAZ-21213, i ua'ōlelo ai turbo lag.

hana ana

Aie i ka mea kaumaha ke kaumaha o ka engine o ka ulia kaʻa VAZ-21045 mahuahua i 1,06 m + (40 kg hoʻohālike au i 21043), huina o - mai i ka 1,515. E like me ka Hookah, ke hoʻonui i ka 100 km / h i loko o 23 kek. (6 hou), ka mea i kā mākou māmā - 125 km / h (emi o 18 km / h). Wahie hokii o 5.2 nā lika ma 90 km / HR, 7,5 hano ma 120 km / h, a 6,2 H i loko o ka hoʻokiwikā a puni, (7, 9,9, 9,8 L i ka 21043, niioaaonoaaiii).

Ka mīkini me nāʻano kokoke i ke kola ku hale VAZ ka M-343 Hawaii. 1.8 hano kakolina diesel hoʻolako hoʻonui i 100 km / h no 19 kekona, a me ka i kā mākou ka mämä holo o ka 133 km / h.

Hoʻonui VAZ-21215-50 mai i 100 km / h i loko o 25 mau, ka mea i kā mākou māmā holo o 127 km / h ke alo o 19 a me 137 km / h i 21213.

VAZ-21215-70 no nāʻano o ka hoʻonui Ua like ke kola "Field" a lags ma ka i kā mākou mämä holo o ka 7 km / h.