Ke resistivity waiwai like metala

Uila lawelawe metala i kapa i ka wa pono, e hele aku ma kona wahi iho, papa maiʻikena. I ka huli, ua kapaia ka ia'ku kekahi o nā 'ano o ka mea. I ka nui o ka uila ia'ku ma ka haawi anakahi uila, ka mea uuku i ka ʻikena ikaika. Ua characterizes ka naoh poe i kauoha ia ma ke alakaʻi mele i ka noi o hoopiiia electrons. No ka uila EYI waiwai - o ka reciprocal o ia'ku, kaheaia like kaulana nā papakuhikuhi ka mea, e ia ka lākiō 1 / R.

Resistivity mau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea e like ai o ka mea i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana ana i na manao ona. Ua ua ana, e hoʻomaka ana mai o ka mea kiko'î a alakaʻi mele me ka lōʻihi o ka 1 mika, e like me ke kea pauku āpana o 1 huinahalike millimeter. No ka laʻana, ka mea i ho'ākāka 'ia'ku ka waiwai i ke keleawe ka manawa like i 0,0175 ohm no Aluminum - 0,029 hao - 0,135, constantan - 0,48, nichrome - 1-1.1. Resistivity lilo iho la e like me ka helu 2 * 10-7 Ohm • ka m

Countering i ke au i ka pololei hapaʻauhau i ka lōʻihi o ke alakaʻi mele ma i ko ia neiʻoniʻoni. Ua oi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mea, o ka mea kiekie oia ka mea e kū'ē'ē mai. Internalize i kēia pilina e e aho ina mau ka mana paʻa o interconnected moku ke manao wale. Kekahi paʻa o nā mea i ai pili aku şarkı mai koe lahilahi, a me ka mea 'ē aʻe - ka mānoanoa. piha i ka wai, i ka wa o ka huiʻelua o ka loli hooholo i loko o nā ipu pü ma luna o ka Tube manoanoa loaa nui wikiwiki, no ka mea, e i emi ia'ku i ka wai, mai kahe. No keia analogy i ka uila pono, ka mea hiki i kekahi, ma ka mānoanoa alakaʻi mele ma mua o ka hana.

Resistivity like me ka Si mokuna, ua anaia mai ka manawa e ohm • m. Conductivity hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka 'O ia hoʻi noa mahuka o hoopiiia (particles), a ua wehewehe aku ma ka' ole o ka mea. Ke hooheheeia ole impurities, ma a ka loa pololei anianiʻolu, i ka lalo aiee o e kū'ē'ē mai. Ma ka kekahi lima, impurities paha ka nānaina i ka puka olu oia i mua o mahuahua ai kona hana ana. Ke resistivity o ka metala ua manaʻo i loko o kekahi wahi paiki huahelu o Hawaiʻi ma maʻamau wela: mai ka kala, a me ka 0,016 i 10 micromhos • ka m (oka a pau o ka hao-chromium-Aluminum).

Ma ka hiʻona o ka noi o ka papa electrons ma ke alakaʻi mele e loli ai i ka mahana, no ka mea, maoli he wā kūpono i ka ikaika hawewe o oscillations ka nalu na Ion a me nā'ātoma. E like me ka hopena, i ka electrons koe emi noa ka lewa no ka maʻamau pele i loko o ke aniani puka olu oia. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka mea keʻakeʻa pololei oe neʻeʻana, piʻi pū. Ke resistivity o kekahi conductors like mau, piʻi pū linearly me e māhuahua ana wela. No ka semiconductors, ma ka mea ku ole, wehewehe aku ma ka hōʻemiʻana me ka hoʻoulu degere, mai no ka mea, o keia mau mea, kuu ae, e pili ana i ka uilaʻikena 'ana.

Ke anuanu maila kaʻina kekahi ike metala conductors i ka makemake mahana resistivity lawe mai ia lakou i ka hopping moku'āina, a moe i ka 'Aʻohe. Oia ka kŰia loaa i ka 1911, a ua kapaia superconductivity.