Ke tunnel ole: ma luna o ka verge o na lani a

Ka tunnel ole - he kahaha ko oukou naau kŰia, he mea hiki ole ia mai o ka oiai ua ike mai o panina ke kālaikūlohea. Akā, i loko o ka pohihihi a me ka pohihihi quantum honua, loaʻa nō kekahi mau 'ē aʻe kānāwai o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ka mea a me ka ikehu. Ke tunnel kanawai o ke kaʻina lanakila ka haʻahaʻa huna o kekahi ikehu ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai ma lalo o ke kūlana i kona ikehu mea emi mai ma mua o ke kiekie o nā pilikia. O kŰia i wale i ka quantum maoli, a ua pau loa ia mea ku ole i ka mea a pau i nā kānāwai a me nā tenets o panina mechanics. More kahaha ko oukou naau honua i loko o kākou e ola nei.

Maopopo ka mea i ka quantum tunneling ia mea maikaʻi ma luna o ka hana ana o ka mea poepoe kolepa, e holo ana me kekahi ikaika i loko o ka lua. I kekahi manawa kekahi, i ka ikehu huina o ka poepoe mea e ee i ka Loaʻaʻia ikaika o ka umekaumaha. Holoholo ana kona kinetic ikehu mea emi iki mahope o ia i ka ikaika o ka umekaumaha, me ka hoakaka mea mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke haʻalele i ko lakou mau ola. Akā, ia mea i loko o e like me nā kānāwai o ka panina ke kālaikūlohea. E lanakila i ka lihi o ka lua, a hoʻomau i kona hele ana,ʻo ia e maopopo leʻa pono hou angular momentum. Pela i wanana ai ka Newton nui.

Ma ka quantum ao nei, i ke kahua o kekahi okoa. Ano, manao i ua he quantum huna i loko o ka lua. Ma keia hihia mākou e loaʻa, e hele nei i ka maoli physical kaumaha i loko o ka lepo, a me i ke kālaikūlohea ua conventionally kapaia "Loaʻaʻia pono". Ma keia nui, ma laila nō ka Analog o kaʻaoʻao physical - i ka ikehu ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai. Eia ke kulana ua hoʻololi loa dramatically. E waiho aku i ka ai-kapaia quantum hoʻololi a me ka huna i waho o ka'ākeʻakeʻa mai, e pono i kekahi kulana.

Inā i ka nui o ka mea mawaho ma ke kahua emi ma mua o ka ikehu Loaʻaʻia o ka huna, a laila ka mea, i kekahi manawa, e lanakila i ka'ākeʻakeʻa mai ka nānā 'ana o kona kiekie. Oia hoi, ina, he lawa kinetic ikehu i loko o ka naauao o ka Newtonian ke kālaikūlohea. 'O kēia ka ia tunnel kanawai. Ua hana like penei. Quantum mechanics ano ano o kekahi (particles) ole ma kekahi physical mea, a ma ka papa nalu pili me ka pahiki o ka huna wahi i loko o kekahi mau 'wahi i loko o ka lewa i loko o kēlā mau' manawa pa alima.

Ma ka hookui hookahe koko ana o (particles) me ka kekahi ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka Schrodinger helu kaulike e hoʻomaulia i ka pahiki o ka lanakila i kēia keʻakeʻa nei. Mai ka'ākeʻakeʻa mea ole wale ikehu-o ke kemu nalu papa, akā, i extinguishes ia exponentially. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ma ka quantum ao nei, aole hoi he insurmountable keʻakeʻa nei, akā, wale nā kumu ma lalo i ka huna hiki ia ma waho o kēia mau o ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai. Kula Kaiapuni 'o nā pilikia, o ka papa, pale aku i ka neʻeʻana o nā (particles), akā, ma aole loa he paa impermeable palena. Conditionally olelo ana, i kēiaʻano o ka palena ma waena o nā lani a - ke kino a me ka ikehu.

Ke tunnel kanawai i kona counterpart ma nukelea ke kālaikūlohea - ola auto-ionization o ka'Ātoma i loko o ka ikaika ka pila kahua. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka hoike ana tunneling replete, a paa ka moku'āina ke kālaikūlohea. Mau nā kahua ea puka, i ka poʻe Polenekia o ka valence electrons, e like me 'ole i ana i ka hui' ana ma waena o superconductors mau hookaawale ia e ka lahilahi dielectric Auana. Ua Radio Heʻano nui kūlana i loko o ka manaʻo o ka tunneling lehulehu Nine Inch keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o haʻahaʻa a me ka cryogenic mahana.