Kihapai ke alanui i ka pōhaku puna me ko lakou mau lima: alakaʻi, nāʻana, kiʻi. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka pōhaku puna no kihapai mau kuamoo i

Kēlā me kēia mea nāna o ke kihapai a makemake, e kūkulu i ka aina ka hale ma luna o ka'āina o ka palapala kihapai alanui. I ka Ia manawa, aia mea he makemake e hana ia me ka palena haʻahaʻa lilo o ke kālā. Kū kaʻawale hiki e i ka pōhaku, nā pōhaku lepo alanui.

Ua mea no hoi he kākoʻo pāʻoihana maikaʻi i ka pilikia - ke kihapai alanui i ka pōhaku puna. Mau lima, e hooko ia wale, e hiki decorate ma kou iho, a ke ole ma o ka lilo o ka mea a me ka hana.

Ano o ke kihapai alanui

E Track organically pono i loko o ka puni panorama, e pono e koho i ka manao kūpono a me ka kaila o ka iwilei, a me ka hale i nā puke mai i ka mea, ua i. Eia hou, ua i? Aieao e e mau nō, he mea hiki, a koi e haʻalele.

Tracks hiki ke maheleia i na kēia mau 'ano:

• lepo, n oaa (cobblestone)
• kuʻi pohaku,
• lāʻau lapaʻau,
• iliili,
• clinker (na pohakulepo),
• pohaku (maoli pohaku)
• Ka hopena, 'ana maka'āinana o (pōhaku puna slabs a me nā kile)
• monolithic pōhaku puna.

Ka mua eha? Ueo e noi mai ana kŘpa a malama, a tverdopokrytye Track, me Track i ka pōhaku puna me ko lakou mau lima, i ka lōʻihi, a me ka maʻemaʻe tidy, nani, oi mea hiki.

O kekahi 'ano o ke kihapai alanui ua wae ma muli o ka ooieoeiiaeuiiai manao, pahale mika a me ka mea nona mau koho.

Pōhaku puna māla mau kuamoo i

Monolithic pōhaku puna alanui i wehewehe aku e kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika, ka mea, e hoʻopale i ka deformation,ʻaʻole kaomi ma, a hiki i ka wa a ka mīkini Pńk'pika ma luna o lākou. No laila, ua kūpono e pono no ka Check-i kaa mai o ka puka pä a hiki i ka aina Hale e komo ai.

Pōhaku puna mau kuamoo, i loaa ma ka makepono waiwai e lilo aku, akā, e noi mai ana i kekahi mau hana a me ka hana. Akā, he aho la ia. Eia hou, i ka mea nāna loaa ana imua, mai ka mea i ka Track ua i ka pōhaku puna me ko lakou mau lima. Ua loli ai i kekahiʻano o nā kinona, kikokiko, lauana. Nō hoʻi, pōhaku puna hionapāʻili hiki ke hui pu iho la ia me nā pono hana: nā pōhaku lepo, pohaku, iliili 'ole' ē aʻeʻoki.

Pono o ka pōhaku puna Track

Pono i n oaa kihapai alanui ua i ka pōhaku puna me ko lakou mau lima, no ka ai i na ano o ka mea i hoʻohana. I ka maikaʻi 'ano o ka pōhaku puna e like penei:

• ka ikaika a me ka mea paʻa - ole o ka pōhaku puna i hopu ai a me ka ino;
• hooluolu aku au i ka i - 'aʻole i koi kuikawa lako a pan;
• haʻahaʻa kāki - i ka waiwai e lilo aku o ka 1 sq.m. prmerno He 25 hamo i.;
• kiʻekiʻe ia'ku i climatic ololi o kekahi ano keia ano: anu, wela, ona mau;
• ia'ku iʻano pākīkē Media - mea i makau i hookaheia'ku Nine Inch;
• ka hana, e hoole aku i ke kiʻekiʻe ÿano wahie, -ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke lawe i ka makaʻu o ke kihapai alanui wahie ole;
• versatility - hiki ke? ieoaeunoai ia ma ka peku nui, he mala ala me kona mau lima me ka 'oihana' o Puʻohala;
• Pōhaku puna ke hana kekahi mau kinona: i pololei a me uma (ke kaumaha ma muli formwork), ka mea hiki ke pena a me ka hoʻonaniʻia, hui me ka nui no hoi na mea.

He aha e ka laula o ke ala?

Mua o nā mea a pau, ua hana i ka Track laula mau pōhakuʻula laula, ina i hoʻohana.

Next, e pono e lawe i loko, no ka alaplpa ma nāʻaoʻaoʻelua o ka laula o kahi o 6 knm.

Hoʻokolo huina akea o ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka mika hiki ke kūkuluʻia ma luna kiʻekiʻe mau kuamoo, e laʻa me, ma ka hoʻokokoke e hoʻomehana honua: nui la, no ka mea e hooholo ia ana o kekahi kanaka, a kipaku unicycle wheelbarrow.

Ma ke alanui laula o 80 knm ke ole e hala he mau ana o kanaka, e kekahi o ka poe keiki o ka paikikala. Akā, no ka mea uila kaa makahiki mea,ʻaʻole lawa. Kēia alanui hiki e? Ieoaeunoai i kālepa hale.

Ke kikowaena Track e hana piha-Ka makamake nui, mai e pili ana i ka mika me ka uuku kekahi, a me ka hapalua kona laula mau mika. Here a hiki wawe ka mau kanaka e paha, e hele i nā keiki ma ka amo, a hiki i ka uuku ka Aha.

Track mai mālama '-e hoolei aku pōhaku puna nā kile

Pōhaku puna slabs a me nā kile o liʻiliʻi nui - ke easiest, a wikiwiki aku la a hiki i ka mahinaʻai alanui i i ka pōhaku puna me ko lakou mau lima. Reviews e olelo aku i ka mea, o kekahi o ka easiest iaoiaeii mea, e kau mai i ka Track.

I ka 'ike loea hou o ko lākou kapaia Ua like penei:

1. E hoomakaukau oukou i ke kahua: e hoohaahaa iho i ka honua, e heʻia.
2. E kau ka agrovoloknom a geotextile one, e kaʻawale mai o ka honua.
3. Ke kumu, ahu iho o ka māʻona pyatisantimetrovym muliwai pulu ka (i pulu!) Sand, e hoʻomoe ana a me kana olelo hoopomaikai. River one he emi he palolo kekahi, pela no ka mea, o ka wai pilipaa.
4. Omaka alternately stacking papa. I ka una honua ka mea, i hoʻoneʻe ka wā e hele ana ma luna o ia mau mea, e pono e kanu ia lakou, hitting me ka hāmare ma kekahi laau mau papa moku ke akahele ai i ole e Wāwahi. Waiho ana ika ilikai.
5. Pōhakuʻula ami overwritten me ka lepo pipili no hoi a me ke one.

Inā noae na papa i kala ai kekahi kala ma one soils, Ua ninini i loko o 3 knm. Loamy i ke one, ahu iho a me ka clayey soils mua ninini iliili a slag mānoanoa 7-10 knm, a laila, he ahu iho o ke one 5 knm.

I ka una honua hiki ke waiho ia ma ka pāʻoihana i ua noi ai i ke one kumu. Ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana Ua hoonoho ia ma na kihi o ka pōhakuʻula hakina ma ka waena, ka wā e waiho ana, a ua e ka mea, ua haawi kōā kaulike ma lalo o ka pau ili.

Hoʻokolo shape Via

I kēia lā mea he nui kaulana ano o ke kihapai alanui e hana: laau, ea, mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Ka mea, i mau keena o kekahi mau nui like 'ole a me nā kinona (mika pāhoʻonui lua, rectangles, triangle mauna, hexagons a me ka ole hoʻonohonohoʻia) a e hoʻohana no ka hoʻomaulia koena ai Hoʻokolo.

No ka Loiloi i ka uku o ka manaʻo o ia hana, e pono e ike i me ke kōkua o ka makaukau-i ano o kahi o eono mika mea hiki ke kūkulu i ka Track i loko o nā hola. Ano hiki ke kuai makaukau-i a hoolilo ia oe iho.

No ka hoʻopoepoe papa hoʻohana no ka hoopiha ana i ka Hoʻohana o ka metala na ohe a bākeke me ka lalo, e kiʻi i ka palapala kihapai alanui.

Nā lima o ka nou ana la o pōhaku puna like nui slab me ka iwi o ka 7 mm o kilo waiho i loko o ka palapala o ka puka olu oia i. Ma mua o hoʻopiha i ke ano o oaoieei-lubricated me ka aila a me ka varnish. Kilo ua kau no laila, i kona luna, a lalo uhiia me ka pāʻoihana. Ma hope o ninini pōhaku puna ua olelo hoopomaikai.

Nā Pono a me na mea paahana no ka mea monolithic ninini

I Ua i kihapai alanui me kona mau lima iho i ka pōhaku puna, e pono i ka hope o na mea paahana, a me nā pono hana.

• ke one;
• agrovoloknom;
• momoku ahi lepo pipili M400;
• lohi loa kila hei;
• knitted uea 2 mm o manoanoa;
• Mea hoʻonui no ka pōhaku puna, e hoʻoikaika 'i ke kohoʻia a me ka waterproofing ka waiwai;
• apana o ka pahu metala, plywood a papa me ka palena iki laula o 25 knm;
• a me ka ikaika laau mākia;
• kaula;
• polyethylene ho film;
• ipu no ka hookonokono ana i ka pāʻoihana;
• 'Elau mau mea hao lanahu, a kope lehu;
• trowel akea o ka hapalua o ka mika;
• nui mlotok paha he sledgehammer;
• uuku? ieoaeunoai hana:ʻokoʻa nui spatulas a me trowels.

i ka ho omaulia ana o nā

Laʻana o ka ho omaulia ana o ka makemake dala o ka mea no ka hapa o ka kikowaena ala loa a me ka laula o kekahi mika, a he 10 knm manoanoa:

1. Ka mānoanoa o ke one, ahu iho i 10 knm o ke kīhei pili ua koi ka leo o ke one e e ai .:

• hoonui i ka lōʻihi, a me ka laula mānoanoa e 0,10 m3;
• e like me ka piliʻikepili o ka 1 m3 one kaupaona 2.4 nā kana;
• recalculate i ka makemake ka leo: 2400kg / m3 m3 0.10 = 240 kg m.

2. He mea nui ke koho i ka akau pōhaku puna Mix no ka mala kuamoʻo. Kona mau lima i e ole crack i ke alanui ina ia i loko o ka kēia mau huliāmahi no ka pāʻoihana:

• 1 kekahi hapa o ka wai,
• 1 hapa lepo pipili,
• 4 mau māhele o ke one.

Ka buke o ka lepo pipili koi 'ia he pōpilikia like i ke one, a me ka ia cia mea 0,10 m3. E like me ka Akanahe, i hui pūʻia ma luna o ke one cubic mika o ka pōhaku puna kaupaona 2.8 nā kana no hoʻokahi mika Track. Pōhaku puna ke kaupaonaʻana , e e 2800 kg / m3 0,1m3 He m = 280 kg. Ka māheleʻana i kēia mea ma ka 5 (i ka wai,ʻaʻole i laweʻia i loko o ka nui), ua loaa i ka lepo pipili no hoi ke kaupaona: 56 kg.

Ke koena waiwai He 224 kg wai, a me ka kaumaha o ke one i manaoia no ka wili pōhaku puna.

Mai ka i ka ho omaulia ana o ke kaupaona ana o kekahi mau kumuhana na alanui 5 knm i 7 knm a kaumaha waiwai loaa pono e hoonuiia e ka ololi o 0.5 a 0,7, niioaaonoaaiii.

Pōhaku puna alanui me kona mau lima: kauoha

Hoʻopiha Ua puʻunaueʻia ka hooko ana o monolithic Track i loko o ka kēia kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

1. Mua i ka hoʻolālā ma luna o ka pepa me ka noi o nā mea a pau iwilei hehee wale, kanu'ōiwi, alahao, ia mea i makemake loa ia ka pālākiō.
2. I kekahiʻanuʻu o ka i ka ho omaulia ana o ka nui o nā pono hana: e hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka lepo. I ka lepo soils lawa ka hapa-mika, ahu iho o ka pōhaku puna, a me ka malamalama a me ka pono hana i ka moe kolohe ahu iho la ka hoʻokahi mika. No ka weuweu lepo pono e e hana hapa-mika iliili nōkahea, ahu iho ma mua hoʻokau pōhaku puna.
3. Peni ua hana ia e kau i ka makia e like me ke kuka. Ma waena o mākia mānoanoa kaula ua tensioned.
4. E like me ka omaka incision turf o Kaeloikamalama, a eli iho la i ka auwaha. Kona hohonu, E e pili ana i 20 knm, a ina he mea iliili nōkahea pā, a laila, 25 knm, a pau kaʻai i waena residues pono e akahele wehe.
5. Eia, i ka ahaaina aniani, a e e wili ana i luna o 10 knm kaʻaoʻao ma waho o ka mea hanohano malaila a hiki i na paia o ka hale kaʻa, a me ka pahale -. Ikaika mākia.
6. Ma ka lalo o ka hoomakaukau auwaha mau papa moku agrovoloknom i ke one ua i koe i loko o ka lepo, a me ka mea, ua nininiʻia a me kana olelo hoopomaikai i ka one iho. He mea pono e omo i ka wai. No ka maikaʻi compaction one cushion pulu loa.
7. Ma luna o ke one, e waiho i ka polyethylene ho film pono ia me ka lua. He mea pono i ka pōhaku puna i hoomaloo i ole kekahi manawa, akā, loaa ka mea e pono ai ka ikaika.
8. Kawili ae kākoʻo pāʻoihana ma ka pepa waterproofing admixture i loko o ia.
9. Ma ka lalo o ka noho ana me ka ikaika hei , a hahao i kākoʻo pāʻoihana. Seal, ala apuupuu me he Oopalau la, alaila, trowel. Ka waena ala ua hoonohonoho ke kiekie 3 knm no ka ninini i ka wai i ka ua. Ma kēlā me kēia mika i? Anoe? Ami, laila hoalaala ia kihapai alanui i ka pōhaku puna me ko lakou mau lima,ʻaʻole e crack a ino ke kaumaha ma muli ino ana.
10. Ke alanui uhi ma ka ho film no ka mau o ka lā. Ke ho film Ua laila ka weheʻana, a me ka formwork. Ma maloʻo ana pōhaku puna ua huakaʻi o me ka wai.
11. Aoao clog lepo tamped a. Paewaewa ma mākia hoailonaia me ka pōhaku puna.

I ka wā o nā'ūlili i loko o ke kau, e ke hele ma luna o ka mea, ma hope o elima lā i loko o ka hooilo au - ma hope he umi.

ʻai Track

Kihapai alanui kau pōhaku puna a me kā lākou mau lima, hiki ke loaʻa he Hawaii photo laʻana o i ka nui na mea ma ka mea, e haawi aku originality hiki ke hoʻonaniʻia o.

Kupono i kēia mau koho:

• i loko o ka wili pani i ka pāʻoihana hoʻokomo i nā pōpō i pigment;
• maloo colorant hiki no hoi ia e hoʻohuiʻia ma kaʻilikai smoothing trowel;
• ma hope o solidification o ka pōhaku puna no ekolu hora ka mea ikaika loa o Paulo apana o ke aniani, pālolo, nā pōhaku lepo, pohaku maoli, kinikini inoaia;
• ma na hakahaka ma waena o na papa a me compensating nakaka hiki lulu mauu paha pua;
• Trackʻilikai hiki ke hoʻonaniʻia embossed kumu hoʻohālike i ua pili ia i ka pōhaku puna mea,ʻaʻole i paʻahau;
• e loaa i ka anaiia ili o ka hopeʻano hao: maka pāʻoihana Ua noi i ka maloo lepo pipili, ahu iho 6 mm o, a laila, anaanai i ka trowel.

a hāpai curbs

Inā mākou e ke ala a hiki i ka neoneo o ka pōhaku puna a me ko lakou mau lima, mai holo lākou ma ka pua moe, alaila, ia mea,ʻaʻole e pono ke kālā līkaia no ka mokuna. Other mau kuamoo, eʻoki nana kilakila. Ka palena hiki ke i ka pōhaku lepo a? Ia n oaa, ke kanaka hoʻokahi, e hoolei aku, Kauaikép hehee wale.

ka wā e waiho lawelawe alaplpa pōhaku puna nā kile i pono e hooki aku ia ka oi aku maikaʻi kēia. Ua mea no ka mea, o ke kūlana o ka limiter hoonoho iho la i kae o ke kuleana hana. Ua ua papahana e mālama i nā kile mai razezzhaniya ma lalo o haawe ana. Inā ua i paa i ka palena, nā kile e ho'ōla diverge, a me ka mahinaʻai ke alanui i ka pōhaku puna me kā lākou mau lima, e lilo ana i ka palapala helehelena. No ka ikaika pōhaku puna alaplpa lele aku ma luna o ka leki kumu (ole wale ma luna o ka honua), a ua kākoʻo 'ia ma ka waho o nā mākia.

Ka mamao ma waena o ka palena, a me nā kile e e ka palena haʻahaʻa, a me kapaia - ka loa anuanu.