Māpala (pohaku): 'ano a me ka waiwai. māpala hoʻokomo kālā

Me ka Roma "māpala" Ua unuhi like "ai". He He nunui na hua liilii pele pohaku, i mea i hana ia ma ke kaʻina hana o ka gradual ka huʻihuʻiʻana a me ka solidification o ka pelemaka i ka lawa ka hohonu. Eia hou, kona kumu i ma metamorphism, i loko o nā hua'ōlelo, ka wā granitisation okoa breeds. Loa pinepine aie me ka ikehu lā o ka māpala magmatic, metamorphic a me ka hui kumu. Māpala - he pōhaku, ka loa, he pono ole i loko o ka honua o ka pńpa.

Ua haawiia kona ano, ua hiki ke olelo ia ia mea he loa mau nō mea, ai ka hana ia mea, he pono ole loa. Kekahi o ka mea nui loa 'ano o ka ole ua manaoia e ia kona kiʻekiʻe ikaika.

e like ai

1. Oiaio. Māpala - pohaku, i mea okoa ia'ku ia abrasion, mīkini'opihia a me ka kū'ē. Kēia loa anuanu pohaku (kona compressive ikaika o 90-250 MPa).
2. Mea paʻa. Maikai-na hua liilii māpala ua hoomaka ana e hoike mai i ka hoailona mua o ka hoʻokō 'ole' ma hope o 500 makahiki, pela ka mea, ua i kapaia "mau loa" pohaku.
3. Ia'ku i nāʻakika a me ka lewaʻike manaʻo. Māpala - ka mea, 'o ka pōhaku maikaʻi no ka paia waho mea hoʻonani o ka hale.
4. Environmentally aloha. Natural radioactivity kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu nui o granites hoʻopili like i ka papa mua. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ka mea, ka pāhawewe ke Maluhia o ka Lehulehu, a no ia mea, e pono no nā ano o ke kūkulu.
5. Wai hoʻopale. He mea no hoi he nui hiʻona māpala. Ona mau mea aneane aole i ka hoʻokemu. Ia mea ke kumu o ka pohaku pono no ka cladding o ka hale, embankments, a no laila, ma luna o.
6. Ke richness o textures. Ua Nani Loa nā papaha o kēia mea pōhaku hiki ke unuhi i ka loa luna 'manao manaʻo - Unpolished apuupuu pohaku e absorbs i ka malamalama a me ka anaiia i ka alohi kupanaha, e hoike ana i ke ao nei i ka malamalama hihiu inclusions o Mika.
7. A nui waihoʻoluʻu koho waihoʻoluʻu. Ka loa, he pono ole mea pōhaku ua manaoia e e poohina, akā, i loaʻa heʻulaʻula māpala,ʻalani, a pink, bluish-'ōmaʻomaʻo, uliuli-oho.
8. Hoʻokaulike a me nā pono hana. Ua ua pono hui me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, lāʻau, pālolo a me nā mea i hoʻohana i kēia lā ka kūkulu puolo. He hiki "pono" i loko o nā Kalaiaina - maiʻoi loa-laekahi i Classic.

Granites nui mānoanoa ko e māheleʻia i loko o:

• me ka ie-la i ka palaoa;
• medium-;
• lohi loa.

Inā ka pohaku maikai mākou noonoo, ka māpala ano o keia ano, e e loa okoa mai ke koena. Kēia pūʻulu ua kue i ÿole mechanical stress nui maikaʻi. I ka hana,ʻo ia i kekahi oi uniformly ka wā enaena emi crack hoʻopale i weathering.

Kēia pūʻulu o ka loa a me ka pipiʻi kiʻekiʻe-e like ai. Kūlana ia'ku i ka make, i ka wai ia'ku a me kiʻekiʻe ikaika. Lohi loa Eia kekahi laʻana i wehewehe aku e lawa ke ahi ea. I ka enaena luna 600˚S ka mea, hoʻomaka e crack, a mahuahua ma ka buke. I mea no ke aha kekahi manawa ma ka home ma hope o hiki pinepine na ahi e ike Hi ohia māpala anuu a me ke kapuai hookahi.

I loko nō o ka maikaʻi nuʻa a me ka ikaika, pohaku ua hikiwawe hoʻokō ': anaiia, a me ka anaiia e oki ai. He mea maikaʻi thermal conductivity, no ka mea, o ka mea ua pinepine pili i heaters.

O ka holo ana, e noʻonoʻo ka luna ano e ia i ka pono o keia mea. Akā, pohaku māpala i kona drawbacks. I ka papa kuhikuhiE keakea Ua noʻonoʻo pono kona kaumaha ke kaupaonaʻana, i ke aloha i ka i ka mea, o kekahi o ka toughest pau ai i ua pono hana. pono e lawe keia ano i loko, no ka wā e pili ana no? ieoaeunoaa pāhana.

Mall a Nine haku mele 'ana

Māpala - pohaku, i mea granular aniani 'ole. Waiwai alkalis, waiwai i loko o ka silica i, i ka wa o ka hao, a me ka makanekiuma kalipuna i loaʻa'emi.

I ka haku mele 'ana o ka mea pōhaku i loko o kona kaulana cia:

• feldspars - 60-65%;
• pōaka - 25-30%;
• pouli-nā pōpō nā minelala hao - 5-10%.

Ke ano o ka pōhaku i loko o ka wahi mua hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke ano o feldspar makana i loko o ka haku mele 'ana. Loa pinepine, kona waihoʻoluʻu mea poʻo me nāʻaui o kaʻulaʻula, a pink, oho, uliuli, alani, i kekahi manawa bluish-'ōmaʻomaʻo.

Eia hou, ke kahua o ka pouli-i nā pōpō hue loli eiiiiiaiou. Mau kumu o ka pōhaku pinepine haawi uliuli, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO omaomao. Laʻana o ka yantsevsky māpala.

Akā, pōaka Ua pinepine colorless, nolaila, ma ke ano o ke ano ua i loli. Ma keia hihia, e hiki i kekahi manawa loaa ia mea pōhaku pōaka me kaʻeleʻele, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa - pōpolohua-a pink. Loa pohihihi nā minelala hao i manaoia e ia he uliuli pōaka. Most ornamental ano - i loko o ke olonā i ka malamalama oho mau manao me ka uliuli tint. Eia hou, koi ka loa uliuli-omaomao a me ka ulaula māpala.

helehelena

E like me ka olelo ma luna, he mea pōhaku hoʻomano hoʻohana i kūkulu. Keia ua hoopuni wehewehe. Māpala - sedimentary pōhaku, i mea e akakaʻi anaiia. Ka loaa aniani ili ana ka malama ana lōʻihi manawa i loko o ka hihia o ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea i loko o ka pā paia.

I ka pohaku, he mama i ka hana, oluolu e loaʻa kekahi mau pepa. Kokua hionapāʻili o māpala ili honua o ka Naauao ka monumental hale, haawi i ka hana hoihoi Nani Loa kanawai o ka malamalama, a me ka malu hula.

Naʻe, i kekahi mauʻano o ka Nani Loa pohaku hionapāʻili ua loaa ma hope o ka wela lapaau wale. Ua pili ka hapanui i ka malamalama oho malu i mea ma hope o lapaʻau kokoke kō-keʻokeʻo.

waiho

I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o ka hanana i manaoia batholiths. Ka mea, ho i he nui ke kaua ana o kekahi mau aa. Loa pinepine, ke ole ke moe i loko o ke kino o ka laau, dikes a me ka intrusive kino 'ē aʻe. I kekahi manawa, mea pōhaku ano kekahi mau tabular kino alternating me sedimentary a me ka metamorphic pōhaku.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i māpala hoʻokomo kālā, ua loaʻa i ka la mahope, ma kela a me keia o na 'âinapuni. Holo nōhie, ka mea hele mai i ka ili i loko o ia mau wahi, a i i mai o kahiko pōhaku, kahi, ka hoʻopiʻi i ka'aʻaiawāʻana a me ka denudation keʻano o ka hanaʻana mai ai ka make o ka overburden.

Ma ka US, ua loaʻa i kēia laha 'ana ma ka akau o ka aina, ma ka' Akelanika 'kahakai, ma ka mauna o ka Black Hills, a me ka naau o ke Ozark Plateau. I ka pohaku ua o koʻu mau ma Georgia, Wisconsin, South Dakota , a Hawaii.

No hoi ia mea, he pono ole i loko o ko kakou aina. Ma ke kia-hana no ma kahi o 200 hoʻokomo kālā. Ka nui o ia mau mea: Mokryanskoe, Malokohnovskoe, Mikashevichi.

Ma ka mokuna o Rusia māpala o ka loa, he pono ole i loko o ka Karelian-kola māhele 'āina i loko o hikina Siberia, ma ka Urals, ka Aole loa Hikina a me ka Caucasus. I kēia lā, aia nō ma kahi o kanalima nā mahinaʻai, ma i ka paukū e pili pū ua extracted mea pōhaku. Māpala rubble a me nā hueʻili o koʻu mau i loko o ka Lake Ladoga, Onega, Arkhangelsk a me Voronezh wahi, ma ka Karelian Isthmus, ma ka Chelyabinsk a me Sverdlovsk wahi, ka Khabarovsk Krai a me Primorye, ma ka Hikina Transbaikalia. Maikaʻi Nani Loa ano oko rapakivi o koʻu mau ma ka akau-komohana o ka aina, ma ka hou, i kuaiia a me amazanitovyeʻano o māhū-Baikal a me Ilmen mauna. Ka 'ia paha o nā mahinaʻai, aole ia i hana i ka manawa, ka hapanui ma iliili a me ka rubble. Ma ia, i koi 'ia, extract palaka o ka māpala, a ua i mai o veneer.

He nui na ano o ka māpala, ka mea e e kūkākūkā i loko o ka 'atikala ma lalo nei.

Gabbro-diabase

Ua haka mauna māpalaʻaʻahuʻeleʻele kala like 'ole, me ka specks uuku o ke poʻo. Maikaʻi accumulates, a laila, e hāʻawi mai i ka wela ma ka nuipa a ua enaena, kōā kaulike, ka loihi? Ueo 'aʻole e lilo aku ka pono anaiia a me ka noʻeau waiwai.

Keia pohaku ua manaoia e e no? Ieoaeunoaa lako 1st papa. He 'aʻole i hoʻokuʻu akula i kekahi palapala impurities, ia mea,ʻaʻole radioactive. Ma keia hihia, no ka Karelian gabbro-diabase - he hanana pōhaku ho okumu, aʻaʻohe analogues i loko o nā wahi o ko mākou'āina.

Ka mea pōhaku ua hoʻohana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o aeie pohaku alanui (aeie mosaic, ia n oaa palaka, curbs), no ka hana o ka Kalaiaina i 'ikamu a me kelaʻano hana huahana, miomio hana, no ka panorama manao like me ka lepo pohaku i kūkulu. Mea maikaʻi no ka Kalaiaina mea hoʻonani, a me ka mea helehelena o ka hale, he mea kekahi hapa ma luna o ka iliili a me ka hue i hoʻohana no heaters ma aaiy a me nā bato ke komo iloko.

Ma ke ao nei a pau, ma laila nō 3 ka papa kuhikuhi 'āpana o ke aeie pohaku pōʻalo:

• Ukrainian gabbro-diabase, a like wahi emi mahope Karelian, akā, ho'ēmi ma aneane hapalua. He mea a ianoiyuaa a iloko ona i kakauia he nui helu o ka hao impurities, a degrades ka mea e like ai o ka pau huahana, ma keia hihia noi i ka pōhaku kiʻi mae koke.
• 'Aukekulelia gabbro-diabase, Karelian like ma ka kbps, no nae ka mea, ua nui aku pipiʻi.
• Gabbro, diabase Karelian a loaʻa heʻeleʻele kala like 'ole, haʻahaʻa abrasion, kiʻekiʻe Nani Loa waiwai, mea paʻa, anu ia'ku, lōʻihi mālama i unuhi i hanaia mai ia ia.

Ma muli o ke koena o ka pono a me ka uku, ma luna o ka Karelian gabbro-diabase nui kiekie ae koi. Pela ia i kela makahiki steadily maoli. Ka hiʻona o ka pono o Karelian mea pōhaku ma muli o ia kona mea paʻa a me ka ikaika. Kēia pōhaku mea kokoke i susceptible i ka hopena maikaʻi keiki o ke kaiapuni. He nui hou aua ai i ka waiwai o ka pohaku keokeo, a me ka loa mua hoailona o ka hoʻokō 'ole' hōʻike wale nō ma hope o ka haneri makahiki.

"Shanxi Black" (Chinese māpala)

Chinese māpala - pōhakuʻeleʻele, a ua manaoia kekahi o ka mea maikaʻi i loko o ke ao nei. He hua mai la i ka'ākau Kina, ma Shanxi mokuna. Kona papa kuhikuhiE lanakila - i ka waiwai a me ka hohonu Naʻau me ka uuku nui o inclusions. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka facades, Keena Kalaiaina mea hoʻonani,? Iecaianoaaiiie o huahana no kekahi hana, kia hoʻomanaʻo i a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i.

Shoksha

Kēia ulaula māpala, ke kumukuai o ka i ka loa ho'āmana - ma kahi o 10 000 rubles / 'ole i kaʻu mau i loko o ka Lepupalika o Karelia .. Ua Ua wehewehe aku e kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika a me ka mea paʻa. Poe akamai i koi i nā huahana i o ka mea no ma 600 makahiki, eʻaʻole lilo kona helehelena. He hoʻonaniʻia Ilina o, hale aliʻi a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i. Palapalaia maluna penei, a kālai kiʻi ma luna o Shoksha contrasting nānā.

"Kapustinsky" māpala

Kēia 'ole-ʻaʻahu a me ka lohi loa, alaʻulaʻula, alohilohi, nunui, vysokodekorativny māpala, i hōʻike manaʻo e olelo aku nei kona hiki ole nani. Kahua o ka i pono no ka hana ana o pedestals, e like me nā kuhikuhipuʻuone hale, e haawi oihana mua o nā hale a me nā hale, i nā wahi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe kuhikuhipuʻuone expressiveness. Hoʻohana 'ia ma ka hoʻopau luakini iaiyoe ke aupuni' ma Poklonnaya Hill, Manezhnoj wahi. Ke kahua o loko o ka Kirov'āina, Ukraine.

labradorite

He He pohaku maoli i ka mauna-granular mea pōaka pōhaku. Labradoriteʻikea au i loko o ka magmatic hohonu. Ka mea,ʻano nui komo o ka plagioclase, i mea feldspar. Ka 'ole o ka mea pōaka nā minelala hao. Ua Ua maheleia i meakino-la i ka palaoa a me ka lohi loa-na hua liilii pōhaku.

Labradorite - he ano o ka anorthosite. Ka inoa la lakou, mai ko lakou puka mua waiho - ka no laila, i kapaʻia Peninsula ma Canada. I kēia lā,? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka pohaku maoli, ke ahaʻia i loko o nā'āina, a me Ukraine a me Finland. Ma Rusia, eia hoi nui hoʻokomo kālā. Ka mua mea pōhaku nā hale i loaʻa i loko o ka Kievan Rus - laila, i kēia māpala i ua hoʻohana wale nō me ka pohaku huli, laila, hoomaka ae la lakou e decorate monumental hale.

Holo nōhie, keia māpala lauoho aole hoi i eleele. Mafic nā minelala hao e haawi i ka pohaku i kiʻi pouli malu ai. I ka papa kuhikuhiE waiwai labradorites o kā lākou hau ia'ku, a kiʻekiʻe ikaika. No laila, i kēia mau pōhaku i loa pinepine hoʻohana no ka paia waho mea hoʻonani o ka hale.

Eia hou kekahi, māpala ua kapa hoʻohanohano ma ka mall a me ka textural waiwai.

porphyry

Kēia Ural māpala he elongated paha isometric inclusions, a oko ka nui (hiki a hiki i 10 mau kenimika) mai ka nui kino. Ana na poe ma ka orthoclase, pōaka a me ka microcline.

pegmatoid

Kēia māpala pohaku me kaʻaʻahu ano grit. I ka nui o nā inclusions o feldspar a me ka pōaka - ma kahi o 3 kenimika.

Pinilana māpala

Kēia māpala - igneous pohaku me ka ano ua hoʻokōʻia loʻi lehulehu o orthoclase ulaula hue o ka mai i elima mau kenimika, hoopuniia ma ka palena o ka uliuli-omaomao a poʻo oligoclase. Ke kūlana o ka bulk maloko protrudes hoʻopiha mānoanoa ko orthoclase, plagioclase, hornblende, pōaka a me ka biotite.

gneissose

Keia Ural ua uniformly na hua liilii pohaku māpala me kaʻike mau ano lohi loa-palaoa laua kohoʻia hornblende hookahi a Mika flakes.

pegmatitic māpala

Kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole? Ueo ua noʻonoʻo pegmatite māpala, i haku no muscovite, pōaka a me ka orthoclase. Typical Luna o keia? Ueo - i ka ai-kapaia palapala māpala, feldspar i ulu i loko o ka ho okumu ana liʻiliʻi o ka pōaka lahilahi auka shape.

Leznikovsky māpala

Special ikaika a me ka hiʻona o kekahi ulaula, a nonono-ula leznikovsky māpala, no laila, i kapa e like me ka inoa o kou kula. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka ai i kapaia na ano o ka māpala. No ka laʻana, heʻulaʻula pohaku - Mezhdurechensk Simonov, tokovsky, Emelyanovsky, Kapustinsky. A 'aneʻi o ka oho māpala korninsky, Pokostivske, zhezhelevsky, Sophia.

rapakivi

Kekahi hana hoihoi 'kekahi mea i ke ano o ka mea pōhaku rapakivi. He He porphyritic ho okumu ia me ka maʻiʻo ovoids.

keʻokeʻo māpala

Ua hoi ia lŘlŘ i keʻokeʻo māpala. He aha pohaku ka mea hiki ole pane a pau i kahi hoʻokahi. Kēia manaʻo Ua oi he like, like keʻokeʻo me na pohaku hau-keʻokeʻo kapaʻia a me nā nā minelala hao malamalama malu. Kala like 'ole hiki ke oko a mai ka momi oho hina i ka malamalama omaomao.

palapala noi

I keia la o ka? Ieoaeunoaa māpala ka mea, ua ai hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia ka mea hiki ke kapaia he io versatile mea.

Kalaiaina lāliʻi

Cornices, window sills, mawah, baseboards, countertops, ka hoaka o ka piko o na, kope papa, kolamu, balusters - kiʻekiʻe ikaika pohaku e ae oe e kauoha aku i kēia mau huahana mai māpala, a e noho lakou i kōna no na makahiki.

Alapii, palaoa

Māpala - he mea me ka haahaa o ka abrasion. Inā 'oe e lawe i loko o kou keʻena ma luna o ka anuu o kanaka he miliona o ka makahiki, e holoi ia i ke kahua, e e hiki aku la lakou i kekahi i kā mākou o 0,12 mm o.

Kalaiaina a me ka paia waho o ka hoopau ana

Māpala - ka mea, Aloha loa ergonomic mea a hiki i oe i ka nui loaʻoluʻolu noho ana i loko o ka hale.

Landscaping

Rockeries, Alpine kiʻiaka,'āhihi loko, Japanese kīhāpai, i ka māpala, kou paena, e hoʻouka hou aku au originality a me ka naturalness.

Curbs, ia n oaa pohaku no? Uoeai, a me ke kapuai

Māpala ua hoʻohana 'ia me ka pomaikai nui i loko o ia mau wahi, kahi i nui "ahonui," ua koi' ia. Mea pōhaku hoʻopale i Nine Inch mea hoʻohaumia, me mechanical stress a me ka wela loli, no ka mea, kona waiwai mai e hoʻololi maluna o na mea he nui pōʻaiapuni o ke kūpaleʻana a me ka thawing.

I hoohuli embankments

Māpala ka apuepue omoʻia ona mau, a no ia mea, i loko o ka ili o ka pohaku i ka wa a ke ana wela o ka wai paʻahau ua i hanaʻia i loko o ka hou puʻe, a hiki e alakai ai i ka make ana o ka pohaku, a me ka ho okumu ana o na mawae.

māpala pavers

Ka hoʻohanaʻana i ia n oaa pohaku, mai na tausani pohaku o ka makahiki. E like me ka mea kahiko, Roma kaulana cobbled alanui a me keia la 'oe ke hele; Street? Ia n oaa nā pōhaku hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka mea kahiko loa o na Europa kulanakauhale nui; i loko o kēia lā o ka honua, i ka wa a ka aaioee o māpala mai ka haku, aole ia i i kekahi pilikia, alanui pōhaku a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kūapoʻana pōhaku puna a me ka anoaeuoiauo.

Magic waiwai

A kohu mea, ma mua kilohi, i māpala, kiʻi i i hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o kēia 'atikala,' aʻole ole i kekahi ke kilokilo waiwai, e like me ka ke kālā no n iaainoaoeii neo a me nā hale ka mea, ua lohe nui ia no ka mea hoʻonani, a no ia mea, hāpai wale ka aesthetic ke keʻena. Akā, he mea hōʻike i kēia mea pōhaku mea hiki ke hana i ka maikaʻi kanaka ola.

Māpala kūkulu i loko o ke kahiko bata. Ua Ua mau i ka cleanest wahi i loko i kekahi ke hoʻonānea. Eia ka ninau ole wale e pili ana i ka attractiveness a me ka veneer pohaku, akā, i ka mea pōhaku hiki i ka pa, a me ka kanaka, mai io ikaika a hoʻopale ai.

Aia ka he hopuna'ōlelo kaulana: "kikoo aku e unuhi māpala 'epekema". I ka maʻamau o ke ola ka mea, loaa ae nei i hiki ole. Māpala (kekahi pōhaku i loko o keia ano, 'aʻole i mea) i ka waiwai, e hoʻoulu ka mākau hoʻokaʻaʻike mākau a me ka noʻonoʻo' hana.

Red māpala kanaka kōkua huli ae hoomaopopo ana i ke ao nei, maoli kona kilo, a me ka mea nāna i hana i ka mea oi pane maʻalahi a me ka'ōlewa.

lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai

Māpala, i kiʻi e loaʻa i loko o kēia hōʻike, he palahalaha pae o ka lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai i hiki kōkua no ka kela mea maʻi hiki. Iwaena o lakou - pneumonia, asthma, naau maʻi, bronchitis.

Stone no ka wai huʻihuʻi e kōkua i lalo loa i ka wela, i ka maikaʻi ia ma luna o ka spine a me ka ami, i ka wa e haule ana na pilikia me ia.

mascot

Māpala - kēia mea o ka maikaʻi mascot no na kanaka, ka poe i hoolilo i ko lakou ola i ka 'epekema a me nā kiʻina aʻo. N. mea pōhaku Hoʻokala kahi kilo, hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i hoomanao ana a me ka hoʻomōhala ana i ka naauao manaʻo a no laila, ma luna o.

Huahana mai ka māpala hiki e hemolele kuhihewa ia no nā kumu a me na kumu, e hiki ke kōkua 'imi i ke ala i ka paakiki a me ka noho pilikia na haumana, e like me ka loaa lākou credibility mea.

Māpala - he mea pōhaku me unconditional maikaʻi ikehu, a 'aʻole ole i ka hewa i ka kekahi, ma keia hope aku, ka mea e ole e makaʻu.

Māpala: hōʻike manaʻo

No ka mea, māpala ka loa mahalo i loko o ke kūkulu, kahi, incidentally, ua hoʻohana no ka haneri o ka makahiki, hōʻike manaʻo o ka mea e ole e pilikia ke loaʻa. Aneane pau ka poe i, e hana me keia kamahaʻo mea, mahalo kona kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika a me ke olonā i hana. Other hooweliweli aku kona kāki. Akā, ma kēia hihia ia mea e pono ke lawe i ka mooolelo i nāʻano o nā minelala hao paha e kekahi kumukuai. No laila, e hiki mau koho i ke koho pono nei no oe.