Mea kākau Ivan Makarov: Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Russian moʻokalaleo mea waiwai me ka lilelile inoa. Akā, ke kaiapili-pili aupuni ke ola o ka aina ua like ia i ka Media, ua i loko o ka lima o na Aupuni. A me na inoa o na mea he nui moʻolelo, haku mele, nä känaka 'epekema no ka makahiki i ua poina. Iwaena o lakou, he loea kākau moʻolelo Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.

Ke kakahiaka nui makahiki o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

Ivan Makarov i hānau i loko o ke kauhale o Saltykov Okatoba 30, 1900. Ma ka bapetizo ana, ua loaa i ka inoa o Ioane.

Ma hope o ua noho mai kua'āina kula e like me ka mea maikaʻi loa haumāna o Ivan i ka noiʻi i loko o Ryazhskaya gymnasium ma 'oihana hoʻonaʻauao aupuni. Ma mua ua noho mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe, i ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo aʻo ma luna o ke aupuni i ke kala.

I ka 1918, a pilikino wahine ka mau gymnasium, a me na kanaka, i kona wahi i aʻo ma lalo o Makarov Ivan, i hui a me Kapa hou i ke. Ma June 1919 pau ia ia e like me he "kula o ka 2nd ke kahua helu 2".

makahiki o ka like

Kumu o grammar kula, he mau mea a pau kulanui haumāna puka. A kahu o ka gymnasium ua he kuhina councilor Yermolov. Nā haumāna mau i huakaʻi hele i kona waiwai - hookolokolo aku la ia hale hoʻoulu mea kanu, nā mahinaʻai, a me ka hale hoʻoulu mea kanu paka.

Ke gymnasium ua he haumāna papa hīmeni. Aia he he violin, he cello, i ka hoʻokani piano, viola, papalua nui uila, ohe, oboe. Nā haumāna i hana i kekahi balalaika Hawaiian Orchestra. Ke kahua hana ana, a me no ke kulanakauhale kupa. No ka kiʻekiʻe kula haumāna i hoʻonohonoho 'ia i ka Lāpule kāuʻikepili me ka malamalama nā kiʻi a me ka ho film kau.

Paʻa i loko o ka gymnasium o ka haʻuki "Sunday kakahiaka" i loko o ka makahiki hou - haʻuki, kau - pôpeku a me eiai?, I uku he gymnasium. Winter hoʻomākaukau no ka kiʻekiʻe-kula keʻa-aupuni iaoeo a me ka hau skating rink.

haawi Kūlike Pae Sciences i ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo luawai. Hōʻailona helu, anahonua, ka mea, ua eha, ka Lūkini 'ōlelo a me ka moʻokalaleo - he Triple. Ua lilo nui makahiki o ke aʻo i loko o ke kula kiʻekiʻe no ka ho okumu ana o ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo. He He manawa o epochal hanana: ka First World War, FeberuariʻOiʻenehana, a laila, Okatoba, i ka hoʻomaka o ke Kanawai Kaua.

ohana

Na makua o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, i hanau kauwa Ivan Ivanovich Makarov a me Maria Ivanovna Kon'kova, ma Saltykov. Ka mea, ua kupono kanaka, a ma ia manawa ua nui loa pohihihi keia. Ua hele mai kekahi ka ikaika, e hoola oe i kekahi palapala e hookupaa aku ana i ka mea, i? Ieaoa ka aina ma Princess Troubetzkoy.

ʻike hoʻokumu Makarov Ivan Ivanovich ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i kona Kawaihae. I kona mau novels a me ka mea kākau i ka 'ka kiko'ī dala o ka aina ( "The Black Shawl") no i ke Alii wahine, a me ka helu o ka poʻe e noho lā ma ke kauhale ( "Steel iwi aoao"). ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka makua kāne i ke kua'āina me ka aina, a me kona mea a wale i ka Nails mīkini, e like me ia ia ia iho mai nei Makarov. Kona makua kāne i komo i loko o shoemaking hana.

A pau o ka aina i heluʻia no ka kupuna kāne Makarov. Ka mea, i noho i loko o ka hale o kona kupunakane. ka loa kula kiʻekiʻe '- eono keiki, Ivan ka' ohana a pau. Land mau mea e kukaʻi hiki ole hānai i ka nui ohana, a me koʻu makua kāne pinepine aku la i ka hana ma Moscow.

I ka makahiki kakahiaka nui o ka hou aupuni, a me ka makuakane a me ke keiki a Makarov komo aku la i ka kūloko Aupuni. Ka makua kāne i loko o ka uku ole ana i ke kaua e kū'ē i mahuka Komite, a me kana keiki lilo i lâlâ o ke kauhale ahaolelo. Makarov, Jr. ua he lâlâ o ka township Komite o ka poe ilihune, a i kuleana e haalele "loaʻa pākeu" o ka berena, a haawi i waena o ka poe ilihune.

Pahaʻaʻohe'āina o ko lākou hopena iho ma luna o ka honua Makarova Pāhana. He apono o ka polokalamu o "kua'āina" Socialist-hoʻokahuli aupuni Party, o ka ninau nui i ua ma luna o ka honua. Ua Ua hala a me kāna keiki. I ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like o kana hana, e ia i ka mahiʻai, i ka'āina a me ke kipi i ko lakou ola hoʻololi.

Ma kana mau hana Ivan Makarov e haʻi ana i ka makemake hanana i ka 1917. Ma ka puke "Ka Black Shawl" Hōʻike i ka mea o ka pio ana o na kauwa distillery ka wā e opilis ka waiʻona, a me ka make ma kahi o 70 kanaka.

Personal ola

Ma kekahi o na palapala ninaninau Makarov kuhikuhi mai i ole mare. I ka 1921, o ka aoao palapala ninaninau, kaulana - "mare." Kana wahine, ka inoa ua Vera Valentinovna Vonlyarlyarskaya, hookama keiki - Ianuali I ka 1941, oia heʻumikumamāhiku mau makahiki, he hana manawaleʻa hele i ke alo. I ka pau ana o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua ma January make ma Konigsberg.

hoʻokahuli aupuni ha awina

Kapa kipi, tausani o keiki kanaka, Makarov ua noho pu me lakou. Ma na palapala ninaninau,ʻo ia mau i ka hoʻonaʻauao ma o ka "maikai" a me "ʻawelike". Hoa o ka Komsomol, ua lili o ia, he nui wale o ia i wale iniiaiie kula pau.

First "hoʻokahuli aupuni a me ke kapuai" Makarov Ivan i loko o kona mau kanaka maoli kulanakauhale ka wā o nā kūlanakauhale no ka mea, haehae mai i ka paia, a puhi akula i ke aliʻi o ka ahaolelo kiʻi. Alaila, ua he haumāna o ka gymnasium. Ma hope o ka puka, hele aku la ia i kahi kauoha Party - kaua i loko o ka Red Army, i mālama ai i ka luna pili aupuni a me ka scout ma Chone, ua i ke kakauolelo o ka Apana Komite o ka Komsomol.

I ka 1922, Makarov i hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia mai o kona wahi, a hoouna aku la i ka'āina kumu aʻo Komsomol Komite. He noho ma Ryazan, akā, me ka laina o ka hana pinepine huakaʻi i na counties. E like me kekahi 'elele o ka aina o Ryazan, Makarov hele ma January 1924 ma luna o ka luna o ka hoʻolewa ma Moscow. I waena o nāʻelele ua ma luna o ka 6th All-Union Ahaolelo Lahui o ka Komsomol.

Mai ka Akuma ka o 1923 Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - he lâlâ o ka Communist Party. , Ua hui a me ka 'aoʻao hana, a me ka makakū ke kākau' ana. I ka makahiki 1924, a me konaʻeleu komo hana o ka Ryazan lala o ka "haku mele o ka Union" a me ka palapala, ai 'p ÷ ai.

Mai 1926, Makarov hana me ke kakauolelo o ka Party aeea i loko o ka 'Oihana o ka' oihana hoʻonaʻauao. I ka pau ana o keia makahiki, oia ka hua olelo haʻalele Ryazan e ike Siberia. Ka hope hana Makarova ma Ryazan - Luna Agronomy Kula.

ka mua ka paʻi

Ka hapa nui o kona pōkole ola Ivan Makarov noho ana ma ka aina o Ryazan. He 'Imi komo i loko o ka hana o ka mea opiopio moku'āina, mua me he Komsomol hana, alaila, me he' aoʻao. Ma Ryazan, oia paʻiʻia i loko o ka i nā nūpepa like me ka kua'āina correspondent a me ka luna o ka Komsomol hui.

Ma keia manawa i ka mea i kākau 'ana i kumumanaʻo:. "E hea aku no aoi", "Lenin mau moopuna," "manaʻo o ka opiopio Communards", "hana uwē" Moʻolelo o "Ka First alahou ana", "Mishkin smuggling", "nā kamaʻa puki a me ka bata", "kī". "Grunkino hōʻinoʻia" a me "niho no ka niho" Makarov i lawe mai ai i ka All-Russianʻilikai. Mai ia manawa, hoomaka iho la ia i kona heleʻana i loko o ka moʻokalaleo nui.

ʻike hoʻokumu Makarova

I ka 1929 mua puke, "ke kila iwi aoao" Ua hookuu ia ma Moscow. Ua Ua paʻiʻia i loko o ka puke pai "Ka Young e kiai aku ia", laila paʻiʻia ma ka buke palapala. Ma hope o kona paʻi neʻe Makarov i Moscow. Aia ua Ua kākau moʻolelo.

• 1930 - "hope muzhikan";
• 1933 - "Ka Nānā '471";
• Makahiki 1935 mamuli - "Ka Firebird", "Stepan e loaa ana mai o ke ao nei."

Ua i loko o ke kapikala o ka loea novelist Makarov Ivan Ivanovich i kākau i ka moʻolelo:

• 1929 - "Reidʻeleʻele uhini lele";
• 1930 - 1931 makahiki - "Maluhia ma ka honua";
• 1931 - 1932 - "Ka Cossack mahiʻai";
• 1936 - "Gofmaler Nikita".

Ka Moscow manawa novels i hana:

• 1929 - "Ka kila iwi aoao";
• 1933 - 1934 makahiki - "Ka Black Shawl";
• 1936 - "Misha Kurbatov".

Novels "India mea i loko o ke koko" a me ka "Luna Plan" Uaʻaʻole naʻe, ua paʻi. Unknown hopena hana, "Vecchio" a me ka "Good Muscovite". Roman Makarov "Blue Field" Ua waiho paʻa hapa.

I ka 1928 Ivan Makarov alakaʻi i ka Ryazan lala o ka mea kākau 'Ahahui. I ka 1929, i kona pōkole moʻolelo "At ka huli", ia i loaa i ka lua o ka Magazine "Pathfinder". I ka 1930 - no ka moʻolelo "mumule pahu" Magazine ia nā kumu kāki "World Hawaii".

hopu

Ma ka puke "Misha Kurbatov" Makarov deviated mai ka aoao wahi o ka Hawaii. Ma Feberuari 1937, ka mea kākau moʻolelo Makarov Ivan Ivanovich Ua hopu like me ka mastermind o ke kua'āina hoʻolālā o ke kākau moʻolelo, supposedly kona kumu hoʻokaulike i ka kīmopō o Stalin.

Ka Lubyanka Makarova lōʻihi loa a me ke alahouana. Ma lalo o ka 'aʻole hoʻi hoʻomāinoino' ia i hoʻokomo i kona hewa. Makahiki ma hope, ka mea, ua nānā 'ana i kipi i ole, a hiki ole ia. Makarova Ua pana i loko o ka halepaahao o ke NKVD, Iulai 16, 1937.