Ana - He maoli pua, cavities a me nā pūnāwai e ala mai kekahi wailana pohaku. Ka mea, i akaka palena, a haka hoaka i hanaʻia ma muli o i ka chalk a me ka limestone. Ma wahi i kahi winters i anu, anu ea komo i ke ana, a he mea stagnant, pela no a hiki i ke kauwela o ka lewa mahana mea kokoke i 'Aʻohe. A ma na paia a me ka palena i hana ka icy pńpa, stalactites a me stalagmites. Kungur Ice Cave, Aia i loko o ka Perm aina, kekahi o ka loa kaulana a me ka nui Lūkini ana, e kolo ana i ka lōʻihi o ka aneane eono kilomika. Ke aupuni 'loko ka icy puʻu ma ke kapa akau o ka Sylva muliwai.
Where ana i hana overlie ka pōhaku e like me limestone a me ka gypsum, chalk, dolomite, pōhaku keʻokeʻo a me ka paʻakai. Aia Ua lawa ka rainwater a me ka elevation. Ana he poe vertical wahi i wāhiʻia, pūnāwai, mau pua, kaʻaui ala, naele, keʻena a me nā labyrinths. Ma na paia a me nā kaupaku halawai stalagnates, stalagmites, stalactites, sinter-hana droplets a me capillaryʻili lahilahi helictites, a me crystallictites corallites. Ma ka hohonu o ka lua e kahe ana lola honua muliwai, waterfalls, ic ?? i hanaʻia me ka nani loa "zaberegami". No na ana wehewehe aku ma kekahi kuikawa microclimate. Laila-kahea speleofauna ma muli o ka nele o ka lń a me ka lehulehu kiʻekiʻe o carbon dioxide. ea ana wela i loko o ka ikaika, a me ka ewaewa ole i kaʻawelike o ka wahi i ka a ka mea e pili.
Ma ka hema o ka Ural Mountains, ma ka mokuna o Bashkortostan, o ke ana Shulgan-Tash. I ka makahiki 1950, i ka Soviet archaeologist A. Ryumin aʻo i ke ana. He ike pohaku i pena no e pili ana i ka hapalua o kilomika o. Image rhinos, mammoths, bison a me nā lio i i me ka ocher. Excavated kanaka i koe, holoholona iwi, charcoal hōʻike ana he kanaka no heʻumikumamāhā, a me ka hapa tausani makahiki aku nei. Ano, ua kūkuluʻia ka iau i loko o ke ana.
Lūkini ana i lehulehu. Ka mea, hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka hikina mai Sayan Mountains, a ma na wahi e pili ana. A pau e pili ana ana i kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni kumu. Ma ka waena o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia i loko o kēia mau wahi mākou i ka pōhaku no ke kūkuluʻana o Moscow. Over manawa hoʻokahi Pńk'pika pau, ka mea'ē aʻe i hanaʻia o ka mau hewa, a me fractures. Currently Podmoskovnye ana i kahi loihi mamua o ka lōʻihi o ka Caucasus. Ka mea,ʻo ka poʻe puni hoʻonaʻauao a me iauaeoia oo? Ecia. People Ke ho'āʻo nei e brighten i ke oho lā, malaila hauʻoli lā piha makahiki e, ahaaina mare a me nā hang. Kūpono hana i loko o ka luawai i kekahi manawa hele aku ai i ka disastrous hopena. No ka mea, o keia, na komo a hiki i ka quarry ua piha e na Aupuni.
Nei, hoomaka ae la na ana e e hoʻohana no ka lāʻau lapaʻau hana. Lākou microclimate mea curative waiwai no ka asthma sufferers. Ke degere kiʻekiʻe o ka radioactivity a me ionization o ka lewa i loko o ka lua i ka pono ia ma luna o ka ko mākou hopohopo a me ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko nenoai. Speleoclimatic mua keʻena e iai? Oaiaaiiua ma sanatoriums "Kama" a me ka "Malachite" i loko o ka akoakoa ai Ust-Kachka.