Nā Trolleybuses o Moscow: ka mo'olelo, ka wehewehe o nā pūnaewele, ho'onohonoho

Moscow trolley nā kaʻa'ōhua mua i hele mai ma luna o ka? Ooia i ka makahiki 1933. I kēia manawa,'o ka pūnaewele o kēia ka'a ka mea nui loa ma ka honua holo'oko'a. Inā mākou e kama'ilio e pili ana i ke kūlana ki'eki'e, a laila, loa'a iā ia ke ono o ka manawa.

'O ka lō'ihi o ke kelepona hulina he 1300 km,'o ka lō'ihi o nā laina he 600 km. 'Ewalu'ewalu i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. 'O nā ala ala he 1550 trolleybuses. Aia ma waena o lākou he 750 me kahi ha'aha'a ha'aha'a, 134. Aia kekahi papahana e hana nei i ka hana hana a me ka hana'ana i nā'āpana no ka lawe'ana.

Loa'a nā ala a pau (koe 202 a 203) no ka hui "Mosgortrans". 'O ke koena e pili ana iā Khimkielektrotrans.

'O kahi hele'ana i Muscovite e kū'ai'ia he 50 rubles. Komo nā luina ma ka puka mua, e pili ana i ka mea ho'okele, ma ka puka'ē a'e.

E wehewehe kēia'atikala i nā trolleybuses o Moscow, nā ala, ka manawa manawa, a me kahi mo'olelo.

Ka mo'aukala o ka trolleybus

E like me ua oleloia, ma Moscow trolleybuses ʻikeʻia ma ka makahiki 1933. 'O ka lā kūpa'a'o ia'o Nowemapa 15. Ma hope o ke kaulike'ana i nā halihali lehulehu, ua ho'omaka ka huahana tram e hā'ule i lalo.

Ua mālama'ia nā lālani elela mua ma ka'ākau komohana o Moscow, kahi i noho ai ka nui o ka po'e. I ka makahiki 1950, ua ho'omaka ka ulu koke'ana o ka leka ho'omaopopo, pēlā, ma 1960, ua ho'omaka'ia e uhi i ka hapa nui o ke kūlanakauhale.

I ka manawa ma mua, ua'ae'ia nā ka'a ka'a mai Moscow mai kahi'āpana o ke kapikala i kekahi. Akā, i loko o nā makahiki 1960-1970, aia kekahi mau ala i'oi a'e ma mua o'elua mau ke ka'a o ke alahaka.

I ka wā i loa'a ai kahi pilikia ma ke'ano o ka pūnaewele pa'a mau, ma ke kikowaena o ke kūlanakauhale,'a'ole i hana nā trolleybuses ma ka holo'ana. Ua ho'okole'ia lākou i ka palena.

I kēia manawa i ka makahiki 2001, ua holo aku kahi ala e pili iā Moscow a me Khimki.

Kuhi o ka leka i kēia lā

I ka 2016, ua ho'opau loa'ia nā ala i hana pū me ke kūlanakauhale. 'O nā mea a pau i loa'a, ua'oki'ia nā mea'elua, a'o nā mea'eono'ē a'e i hō'ole'ia. I kēia manawa,'a'ole i ho'omaika'i'ia ka'enehana trolleybus, akā, ua pōkole. Keia mea aie a hiki i ke kūpono 'ana o ka lola honua, ma i oe ke huna ole kekahi, i ka pani. Ho'opi'i'ia nā ka'a pahi kaua ma Moscow (kūlana kūikawā) i ka nui.

'O ka pūnaewele Trolleybus

'O ke'ano o ka hana o nā trolleybuses o Moscou he lālani kani. 'O ka Garden Ring kahi wahi e holo ai no ka nui o nā holo. Mai laila aku he iwakālua mau ala e hele ai ma nā alaloa ki'eki'e loa o ke kapikala, a hiki i ke alanui'o Moscow. Ma kekahi mau'āpana, he trolleybus (Moscow kahi 200 mau mea kāwili) ke kumu nui o ka lawe'ana i ka'āina.

Hō'ulu'ulu'ike o nā Pūnaewele

• Ke kikowaena kūlanakauhale. Ma ka hapanui o kēia māhele,'a'ole e holo kēia halihali. Māka'i wale'o ia i ka pua nani. 'O nā ala wale nō i lawelawe'ia ma'ane'i he 10, B a me Bq.
• Ma ke kūkulu'ākau o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma kēia wahi ua huki'ia nā laina e hopu ana i'ekolu alaloa: Yaroslavskoe, Dmitrovskoe, Altufevskoe. Ho'opili pū lākou me kekahi me ke aloha i ke Ke'ena Botanical a me ke Kauoha'o Korolev. 'O nā alanui o nā ka'a manuahi ma Moscow no kēia māhele e lawelawe pū ana ho'i i ka hapa o ke Komohana Komohana Komohana. Ua hana'ia kēia ma nā laina e kau'ia ana i ke kolu o ke ka'a kani. Ma kēia mau alanui, he mau ka'a ke ono o ka moku.
• Hikina o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma kēia wahi, ua kūkulu'ia kekahi laina kū ho'okahi, i ho'ohui'ia nā lālā o ka Ring Garden and the Moscow Ring Road. Ke kama'ilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi ala e hele ai ma ke alanui'o Ryazan. Hō'aika'i'ia nā huaka'i ma nā alaloa'elua (Schelkovskoe a me Entuziastov),'elua mau alanui (Taganskaya a me Nizhny Novgorod) a me ke alanui Volgogradsky.
• 'O ka'ao'ao hema. Ma kēia wahi,'o ke'ano nui o ka lawe ka'a'ana, koe wale nā ka'a e lawe ai i kahi moku, he trolleybus. 'O Moscou he kūlanakauhale kahi e nui ai nā po'e māka'ika'i, e pā ana i kēia māhele o ke kapikala, e makemake e holo ma luna o kēia'ōwili. Ho'okomo'ia nā Trolleybuses o ka'ewalu'eke ma ke ala. Holo nā moku i nā'āpana o ke kūlanakauhale:'elua mau alanui Alanui Kashirskoye a me Varshavskoye,'elima mau alanui (Nakhimovskoye, Andropova, Novoyasenevskoye, Lomonosova, Sevastopolskoye),'ehā mau alanui (Profyuyuznaya, Kakhovka, Lipetskaya, Nametkina).
• Ma ke komohana hema o ke kulanakauhale. 'O nā ala o Trolleybus o kēia wahi e pili wale nō i ka moku'āina o ke Kulanui'o Moscow State. Loa'a nā pālākiloa no ka hana o ka'ewalu'eke a me ka Filevsky Park.
• Ma ke Komohana o ke kūlanakauhale. Hiki ke'ike'ia ma lalo nei ka papahana o nā trolleybuses (Moscou), akā no kēia manawa, he mau'ōlelo wale nō e pili ana i ka huaka'i lawe wa'a ma kēia'āpana o ke kūlanakauhale. Hana nā mīkini i nā laina e holo ana ma nā alaloa'elua (Leningradskoe a me Volokolamskoye), Zhukov Avenue. Eia kekahi,'ekolu mau lālā nui o nā ala.

'O ka papahana'o Trolleybus

'O Moscow kahi kūlanakauhale nui, no laila ua nui nā ala ma ka'āina. 'O ka pō'ino, ua pa'akikī nā māka'i e pono ai. 'Oiai me ka ho'onanee ho'onanee'ana o lākou, aia nō i'oi aku i'oi aku ma mua o 50. No ka ho'oikaika'ana i ka kali'ana i ka trolleybus pono'oe e'ike i ka manawa manawa. Hiki iā ia ke ho'ōla i ke kelepona a i'ole i pai'ia, a laila'a'ole'oe e kū ma kahi e ho'omau no kahi lō'ihi o ka manawa, ma hope o ka hana.

Nā kikowaena Independent Moscow

Ma waho a'e o nā pūnaewele trolleybus i luna ma Moscow, pono mākou e'ōlelo aku e hana nei ka'ōlelo Khimki ma ka'āina o ke kapikala. Me kahi pūnaewele kūloko,'a'ohe ona ku'ina, a ua ho'okomo'ia wale nō i mea e ho'ohui i ke kalapu me kahi wahi ākea ma kahi kokoke i Moscow. 'O ka ho'onui'ia'ana o nā alanui ma ka'āina o kekahi kūlanakauhale nui, a me ka ho'opili'ana o kekahi me kekahi'a'ole i ho'onohonoho'ia. 'O ke'ano nui o ka lawe'ana mai ka'āpana ai ka'āpana'āina he trolleybus. 'O ke ala (Moscow), kahi kokoke i kekahi i kekahi, ua makemake loa'ia.

No ka Moscow Road Road aia kahi pūnaewele Vidnovka, ma luna o ka pepa e hō'ike'ia ana e nā moku i ho'ohui pololei'ia me nā laina Moscow. Akā na'e,'a'ole i'ike'ia kēia ma ke ola.