Palakila kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Oscar Niemeyer: Kawaihae, hana. Museum a Nohona Kanaka Center Oscar Niemeyer

Oscar Niemeyer Ua hanau ia ma Rio de Ka Janeiro, December 15, 1907 kēia hanana i wahi ma ke alanui, a i kapaia ma hope o ke ana o ka inoa o kona kupuna kāne Ribeyru Di Almeida. Kēia kanaka i he lawehana no o ka Palakila Pekelala Aha Kiekie.

wa opiopio kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone

E like me hoʻomanaʻo aʻela Oscar, alakai aku la oia i ka bohemian ola i loko o kona wa opiopio. Wā e hiki mai kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Oscar Niemeyer mare i ka wa me aʻu i pau ke kula. I mua oia i hana i loko o ka hale pai, a laila, i ka 1930, hoomaka ae la kona mau haʻawina ma ka National School o Nice Arts, Aia ma Rio de Ka Janeiro. Oscar wae no oia ia ia iho i ke kumu o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ma hope o 4 makahiki, Niemeyer puka 'o ia. He hele aku i ka hana i loko o ka manao o Nuioka ma o Lusio Kosty, me kona mau kumu ma mua. Lucio o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a Palakila kuhikuhipuʻuone i loko o ka Art Nouveau kaila.

Laulima me Charles de Ka Corbusier

First Oscar hana no ka noa. Ma ka o Nuioka ma, oia me kekahi kanaka nana i nui i alakaʻi ai i kana hana. O kahi o Charles Le Korbyuze, ka Palani kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone. He ua he Point no ka mea opiopio Artists mea näna i hana ma ka papahana o ka hale o ke Kuhina o Health, a Education ma Rio de Ka Janeiro. Kēia kanaka i kekahi manawa, i aku la Oscar tālena. He ao mai ai ia ia papahana hooponopono.

Niemeyer, mahalo i keia hana, i loaa ka hanohano o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, mai makau o ka ho okolohua. He pomaikai brilliantly hui pu iho la kekahi loa unexpected ano a me ka laina me ka hana ana o māhele a me ka mea mai a lakou i hana ai. A laila, i kēia mau hiʻona e ka ua hoʻokuleana 'o Niemeyer hana mea e e hōʻike i loko aneane kēlā me kēia o ka 600 papahana lawe mai e ia i loko o kekahi aina.

Lānai Brazil a me ka luna 'Pampulha

I ka inoa o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone i ka 1939, i uaʻikeʻia ma waho o ka'āina. Niemeyer, pu me Lusio Kostoy, Ua hoʻololi i ka Palakila lānai, a hooku iho la ma New York ma ka World Exhibition. I ke kakahiaka nui 1940s ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone loaa kekahi kumu nui hou kauoha. Juscelino Kubitschek, ka mea ma hope lilo pelekikena o ka aina, a me ko ka mua prefect o ke kulanakauhale nui o Belo Horizonte (Brazil), ao ia ia e kukulu i ka luna 'o ka hale ma ke kahakai o ka moanawai. Pampulha. Aia Ua manao ia e ka moku peʻa laau palau, a me ka Hana ka laau, he halepule, he hula pahale, a me ka iau. Ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ka papahana Pampulha lilo kokoke i ka loa nui attraction o ka aina. Ua koke ikea iho la keia e like me ka Palakila kuhikuhipuʻuone heluʻai.

Un na hale i loko o ka luna 'pāhana

Oscar Niemeyer Ua lilo i maoli celebrity. I ka makahiki 1947, ka mea, ua he lālā o ka pūʻulu o nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone mea näna i hana ma ka hale o ka luna 'un i loko o New York. Niemeyer i ka muli loa i waena o lākou. He alakaʻi i kekahi pūʻulu o 'Amelika kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Uolles ka pā kaua. Nā kākau imi iho la e hōʻoia 'ia kā lākou mau hana i ka symbolic, philosophical manaʻo nui. Niemeyer papahana i ka manaʻo o ka "Workshop o ko ke ao nei". Ua makemake nā hoapili i aponoia i ka papahana, akā, no kela kumu, e? Ii ia, a hiki ole.

e eiooaa? Canoas

I kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone-experimenter ua he hailona o ka manaʻo. Ma 'ana, ke ao nei-kaulana no kona hana i kekahi mea i hanaia - haawi Canoas. He hana iho la ia ia ma na wahi e pili ana o ka Rio de Ka Janeiro i ka 1953. I kēia lā ia mea he suburb o ka Apana 'ihiʻihi o São Conrado. E like me ka poe akamai, hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana o keia kihapai pāʻoihana e nō hou, akā, he hana i oi aku mamua o 50 makahiki. Ka hale ua literally kūkuluʻia i loko o kona 'ia. E lawe, no ka laʻana, i haʻalele i ka nunui Kaulu, i mea i loko o ka hana ma ia kau, paha millennia. Ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone hoʻoholo e kukulu i ka paia o ka hale, e like ma luna ia. Ka hopena ua mea he nui loa o ka pohaku mea aku, mai ka hale, a me ka kekahi hapa - loko. Kēia i hāʻawi mai i ka ikaika Kalaiaina o ka hale he fantastic originality.

Naʻe, i kēia hana ua wale he overture i ka hana ke ola ana o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone nui, ka mea i lilo i ke kulanakauhale o Brasilia, ka hou kapikala o ka moku'āina.

Manao o ka Palakila kulanakauhale alii

Back ma ka 19th kenekulia ua ka manao e hoolilo i ka Palakila poʻo, a ua i ia manawa Rio de Ka Janeiro. A laila, i ka manaʻo ua kūkākūkāʻia i Rio ua aia ma luna o ka 'Akelanika' kahakai, ma ka hopena o ka kaua ua paku ole ia i oi aku kamepiula ma mua o ke kulanakauhale, aia i loko o ka hinterland. Aka hoi, ka mea, ua manaoio aku la ia ia i ke kumu nui no ka hoololiia ana o Palakila kapikala - i ka pono, e möhala i ka waenakonu o ka aina, sparsely na kanaka] ma ka manawa.

I ka 1957, ua kuleana a me ka hanohano o kona maka hana o Juscelino Kubitschek, manawa pelekikena o Brazil kauoha ia e hoʻoponopono i ka Oscar Niemeyer a me Lucio Kosta. Ka hope e pili ana i ka nui kūpono 'ana kumumanao o ke kulanakauhale, a me ka Oscar - kikoo bulk o ka noho pono a pau o a me nā hale. E like me ka poe akamai, i ka hana o kēia nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone lilo i ka loa kaulana hoʻokiwikā hoʻolālā hoʻokolohua o ka manawa. ʻaneʻane mai kūikawā i loko o 3 makahiki, a mahuahua nui i ke kulanakauhale, a ua koke lilo kekahi o ka loa kilakila noho Honua. Hiki i keia manawa, he ua,ʻaʻole like ia mea ma luna o ka honua. Ka lā o ka kūhelu puka - April 21, 1960

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kukulu o ka Palakila kulanakauhale alii

Ma mua, i ke kulanakauhale i ke hoʻololi i ka noho i loko o ia 800 tausani. Noho, akā,'ānō, ua oi mamua o 2.1 miliona. E like me ka Brazilians e olelo aku nei i ko lakou kapikala kohu i ka pelane ma ka shape. Inā e piʻi i luna o ka TV hale kiai, aia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale oaio, oe e ike i ka "lele moku", a oia no ano kūkaʻi 'alanui ma mua, mika pāhoʻonui lua, wahi ulu lāʻau a me nā hale. I ke kikowaena - ka triangular wahi o ka Ekolu mana. Ma na kihi e, he 3 mau hale: o ka Palace o ka Peresidena, ka Aha Kiekie, a me ka National Ahaolelo Lahui. Kēia "kāpena o ka mokulele." "Eheu" ia - noho mau mea, i ka poe i kaheaia - "hema" a me ka "akau"'ēheu. Ke koena o ke kulanakauhale alii nei i ka maopopo hoʻokaʻawale i loko o ke kaiaulu - ka hana kaiaulu, i ka hotele, i ka olelo, i ka lealea ciia.

Ua ua i kunewa literally na hale, i ka papahana e Oscar Niemeyer. mau hoi na mea makau, heʻe piʻoloke ihola mākou me unexpected kinona, wiwo laina, hana contours. No ka laʻana, ma ka wāwae o nā hale kiaʻi māhoe o ka National Ahaolelo, kela mea keia mea o ka a he 28 palaoa, nui hiki anuu. Ua he 2 nunui kiaha - neo? Aaiiai? House o ka Poeikohoia a me ka Aha Senate (kiʻi ma luna). Ka mua o kēia mau kiaha o ka hulu, a me ka Dome, a me ka mea 'ē aʻe kŰlń ao i ka lani.

National Kino, ma ke ano o ka pyramid, mai kekahi impresses me kona originality. Ke kumu nui loa o ka hale, ua lola honua. Kupaianaha, a me ka Hale Pule Nui a me kona nui anianiʻohana. Kēia hale (Picture nizhee) hoopuniia e keʻokeʻo kolamu, heʻoiʻoi e like me ka penikala. hoomaha ka mea, ma luna o ka honua, a laila, hou i ke kinona o ka ekalesia, e waiho ana i kona mau pua i loko o ka lani.

Ke kukulu ana o ka Hale Pule Nui Ua oi e like me ka moku ana o malihini pae wale, aole i ma mua o ka ekalesia ma ka kuʻuna hoohalike. 'Aʻole loa, mai ka mea, he mea hou ia aku la o kuhikuhipuʻuone - i ka hale o ka Palace o Itamaraty, i ua popularly ike like me ka Palace o hoaka. It no i ke Kuhina o ko na Aina e. Kēia hale ua i ka honua e kolamu i lilo i ka gale me kiʻekiʻe pōhaku puna mau hoaka, a ākea puka. Loa unexpected au mamuli no ia o ka nui kula mea he nui loko e poai puni i ka Itamaraty Palace ma nāʻaoʻao. Ua leʻaleʻa sport iʻa.

E wehewehe i ka papa kuhikuhiE hale, a i hanaia i loko o ke kapikala o ke Palakila Oscar Niemeyer wale. Papahana kona e lauwili a me ka lehulehu. Collectively Akä pyramids, Dome, ua hoʻokōʻia kiaha, a kahili ae kolamu, nā wahi ulu lāʻau, a mika pāhoʻonui lua, me ka ikaika geometric kinona, ke kūpili a me ka wa ma ka kulanakauhale alanui attaches hooponopono ana i kona a me ka aa pono ana. More kahaha ko oukou naau, ua like me ka wahi o ka hana o ka Palakila Peresidena - hale "Planalto" (kiʻi ma lalo nei).

Kona mea kākau i kekahi Oscar Niemeyer. Ke kuhikuhipuʻuone o keia hale ka he kupaianaha. He uuku kukulu o ka eha palaoa, aole ia e nana e like me ka hale. Wale nō i ka poʻe kiaʻi i ka 'i keia mea kālai'āina hoʻoholo kahi e loli ai ka hopena o ka nui loa'āina i loko o LakinaʻAmelika.

A hailona o ka lehulehu hale papahana e Nimeyer Oskar. Ke aupuni, no ka laʻana, loaa kona Palace i ka 1960. Eia naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā ua kiʻekiʻe hana i ka moku'āina, ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone no naʻe iā ia e haʻalele i kona'āina hānau. E hai mai oe ia makou i ka mea hiki.

Niemeyer ola i loko o ke pioʻana

I ka makahiki 1945, Oscar hui i ka Communist Party o Brazil, a ua noho ma ka pono a hiki i kona ideals a kona make ana. Ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone ke hoʻololi i ka hou kulanakauhale, akā, i ae mai ka mea i ka mea hiki ole hoʻopauʻohe a me slums. Manaʻo Niemeyer aole loa peʻe. No ka mea, o ka ia, ia i hiki ole ke noho i loko o Brazil ma hope o ka makahiki 1960 ma ka oihana koa coup. Oscar i ke emigrate iʻEulopa. He noho ma Palika. Keia mea, hoʻoikaika ihola 'ana aʻe kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone i kapaia o "unwarranted expulsion". laila, hele Niemeyer ke ao nei, e hoʻopaʻi ana naʻe i waena o nā'āina, a me ka Soviet Union, kahi āna i loaʻa nui admirers a me nā kākoʻo. He lilo i koa o ka nohona kanaka a me ka maluhia ma ka honua. No keia mea, i i hookoia i ka makana "no ka hooikaika ana i ka maluhia mawaena o na kanaka" (International Lenin waiwai pio).

E like me ma mua, i ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone hana ikaika. Pēlā ka manaʻo i ka hana kemika o kana hana mea oiaio boundless: Italy, Germany, France, Lebanona, Kongo, Ghana, ka United States, Algeria a me na mea he nui nā'āina'ē. Ka loa kaulana o kona mau papahana i kēia wā e noho ana i ka Central Komite o ka Communist Party o Farani, ke aupuni 'ia ma Palika, e like me ka "Mondadori" ma Milan.

A hoʻi hou aʻela ia Brazil, Kubitschek Memorial J.

Wale nō i loko o ka kakahiaka 1980s Oskar Nimeyer hoi i Brazil. He hoomaka koke e lawe mai i kona moe - i ka mea paipai manaʻo papahana ma ka hoomanao ana i ka "makua" no ka Palakila kapikala o Juscelino Kubitschek. Memorial, na outlines o i hoʻomaopopo mai ai o ka hāmare a me ka pahi, hoʻopuni ma greenery. Ua kahi kokoke i ka TV hale kiaʻi. 'O kēia kekahi o nā kumu Hawaii o ka Palakila kulanakauhale alii.

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola ana, i ka make ana o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone

Ma nā makahiki, ke ola o Oscar Niemeyer hana i loko o kona o Nuioka ma, Aia ma Rio de Ka Janeiro, ma ka Waialo o Copacabana. I waena o kona nā hana nā? Aeiino? Oeoey o ka "Sambadrome". keia alanui a me ke kū i Ua kūkuluʻia ma ka makahiki 1984. Iloko o ka carnival paʻa 'aneʻi ka Competition samba kula. Wale i ka 2012 keia alanui i haawiia mai ma ka like ana me ke kikoo Niemeyer.

Ke poʻokela Palakila kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Oscar Niemeyer make ma luna o Dekemaba 6, 2012 ma ka haukapila ma Rio de Ka Janeiro, kahi āna i hana no ka mahina. Oscar i i ola mai a hiki i ka 105th lā hānau o nā lā wale 10. Kona wale kaikamahine, Anna Maria Niemeyer, make iho la ma kona mau makahiki 82 i loko o June 2012

Pili I Ka Center Oscar Niemeyer

Kēia mea o Nyos i loko o ka Paniolo a Aviles mea he kanaka nunui e neeaaia a me ka exhibition eiiieaena. I Concert keʻena a me ka exhibition oaio nā kaua, i keʻano o ka moʻomeheu hanana - nā hōʻike o nā mea paʻi a me Artists, hula hana ana a me ka hana keaka-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, 'aha mele, ho film loiloi, ka hoʻonaʻauao haʻi'ōlelo a me ka seminā.

Kēia mea mea hana hoihoi 'mai ka kuhikuhipuʻuone oiai ua. He mea hou e like ia ma ka peku ma mua o ka iau eiiieaena. Ka Center ninoieo o elima hale, kela mea keia mea o ka i ua wehewehe aku ma ka aahu ana i nā pōpō facades a me moemoeā kinona. Nohona Kanaka Center, Aia ma Aviles, - ka mea, o ka mea wale nō ke kala i ka hana i na hana o Oscar Niemeyer. Kēia olelo hooholo ia i wae mai ma ka paha - o ka hale i manao ia e kekahi ano o ka laau i mea kaumaha no ka heluna o ka liʻiliʻi hanalima kulanakauhale. No kekahi manawa lōʻihi no Aviles malamaia lakou nei, me "ʻinoʻino duckling" o ka akau o Sepania. Ua ua hookuu ia me ka poʻe e noho ana ma ka aina i ka uwahi ana nanaina hookae ke aupuni '' aneʻi steelworks pili. I ka Ia manawa ka exhibition kumu Oscar i ke kulanakauhale hou ola. ? Ieoaeunoai hana hoʻomaka 'ia ma 2008 a ua pau i ka 2011. ka elima māhele o ke kikowaena - he multiplex, he kilo hale kiai, auditorium a me he kikowaena huinahalike.

Oscar Niemeyer Museum

Curitiba (Brazil) - i kekahi kulanakauhale i ua ike ole wale me ka muli loa kūlanakauhale i loko o Brazil. Ua ua iʻaneʻi i ka mea kaulana Museum Niemeyer. Ua Ua hoʻolaʻa i ke kālā no kuhikuhipuʻuone, ka pilikia makapō kilokilo, i manao ai a me ka wikiōʻoe. Ka hale i pau i ka 2002. Ma mua, ua kapaʻia kēia mea "New Museum", akā, hāʻawiʻia ka inoa Oscar Niemeyer ia i ka 2003

Kēia hale ua i kapaʻia ka "a pau kaʻike maka" a me ka "Hale o na maka" no ka mea, o kona kikokikona manao. Ma shape mea kohu he nunui maka, e kau ana ma ka lewa. I kēia lā i kēia höʻailona o Curitiba o ka Museum o Hoikehonua, Art. Oscar Niemeyer hoomaka hana ma luna o ka papahana i ka makahiki 1967. A laila, hana iholaʻo ia i ka pōhaku puna hale i loko o ke kaila o ka modernism a hiki i ka 'Oihana Hoʻonaʻauao kula. Hope, i ka 2001, oia hoi i keia kumuhana i oleloia, a iho me ia. No laila, ua he nui palena manawa o ke kila hei, keʻokeʻo pōhaku puna a me ka pā aniani, ike like me ka Oscar Niemeyer Museum. "Eyes" mea ma luna o ka pedestal ma ka waenakonu o kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni loko.

Kona inoa ua paa kākauʻia i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone, poʻokela kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Oscar Niemeyer. Kona hana a ua ike a pau ma luna o ka honua. Ka mea, e i hooki i ka mea hou, a lealea ole mākou wā.