Pancreatic hormones - liluwelo manaʻo nui.

pancreatic kuleana pili i. Endocrine hana o ka pancreas ua kena ae la ma ka hana kūikawā keena o na islets o Langerhans - α-, β-, D- a me F-ke ano. Na keena o kela a me keia o kēia mau ano pee no kekahi hormones islet β-aeee paka insulina, α-aeee - Glucagon, D-aeee - somatostatin, secretin pankreogastrin, a, F-aeea hōmona synthesized substance (lipokain vagotonin, a). No laila, nui ka hui, i ka mea i komo i loko o ka rula o metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana, o nā pancreas. Hormones, synthesized keia gland e loli ai a pau ano o pūnao i loko o ke kino. Insulina weheia LV Sobolєv i ka 1902. Ma ka hapalua like-19th kenekulia hoʻokumu i ka hōmona 'ole a me kona hoʻololi kemikala ua hua.

Pancreatic hormones: insulina. Pale o ka noa insulina i ake keena, Muscle a me connective'aʻaʻa. Insulina e loli ai a pau ano o ke kūkaʻi: kumuʻiʻo, carbohydrate, lipid, akā, kona kanawai ma ka pūnao o carbohydrates aʻo pono. Mua o nā mea a pau, insulina maoli ka permeability o ka halepaahao membranes e monakō koko a pela hoakaka kona hoolilo mai i ke koko a hiki i na nā'aʻaʻa. Kēia hōmona haʻalele no fosfoglyukotransferazu'ūhū (geksozokinazu) a pela i hoakaka ai ka huli ana o ka monakō koko e monakō koko 6-posapahate. Ka pau hopena o ka insulina ole ma carbohydrate pūnao o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ke koko monakō koko nā hoʻohui like (hypoglycemia) a me ka hoʻomāhuahua o glycogen ma Muscle, ake, a me nā loko. Ma muli o ka deficiency o insulina keena lilo aku i ko lakou hiki e hoʻohana monakō koko. Kona nui i loko o ke koko i nā maoli he (hyperglycemia), a ua hoʻomaka e ku mai ana ma ka mimi (glycosuria).

Ma waho insulina hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i monakō koko amo mai ke kokoʻeleu'amino nāʻakika, i loko o ka cytoplasm lymph keena haʻalele no EKOLU a me ka unuhi, kūpono i ka hoʻokāʻoi 'kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala.

Kanawai o ka insulina ma lipid pūnao, kena ae la ia e ka mea i ka mea, ua hoakaka no ka hoʻohanaʻana i carbohydrates no ka hoʻololi kemikala o kiekie ae carboxylic nāʻakika, i mua triacylglycerols a me nā lipids hana. Ma ka kekahi lima, insulina inhibits'aʻaʻa lipase, me ka i inhibition o kahi i hoʻomoana ai ho okumu. Lawa ho okumu ana o insulina i loko o ke kino pu e hoonuiia hoʻololi iho o'amino nāʻakika, a ultimately hele aku ai i ka hoʻomāhuahua o ka ammonia a me ka urea i loko o ke koko. Haʻalele lipolysis, e alakai ana i ke koko hoʻomāhuahua o noa momoma nāʻakika, ketone kino a me ka naʻokoko.

Hormones o na pancreas: glucagon. Glucagon pale i ake keena, adipose'aʻaʻa a me ka Muscle, akā, na ka papa kuhikuhi kekahi o ke ake, a ua ho'ā 'ia paha ma lalo o ke keiki glucagon phosphorylase, a ma ka huli haʻalele no ka hydrolysis o glycogen. No laila, o ka nui o ka glycogen i loko o ke ake emi a me ka piʻina ma loko o ke koko monakō koko. Eia hou kekahi, glucagon hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i gluconeogenesis, haʻalele no lipolysis o adipose'aʻaʻa, a pela ua ālai 'i ka hooulu ana o ka obesity. Keia ua pu ma ka ho okumu ana i nui dala o ka acetyl-CoA a me ka ketone kino. Emi glucagon secretion ma ka hyperglycemia a maoli he me stress a me ka paakiki hana.

Hormones o na pancreas: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruetʻeleu hōmona insulina a me ka glucagon, gastrin a koho gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu secretion o hydrochloricʻakika. Aʻe 'ana o ka incretion o insulina, glucagon, a me somatostatin underlie i ka ulu ana o mimikō. Kēia maʻi ua wehewehe aku ma kekahi mau nawaliwali, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (kela la i keia dala o ka mimi, piʻi pū ma 3-5 manawa), he mea diabetic cataract, corneal opacity i hoʻopaʻa.

Hormones o na pancreas: lipokain a me ka vagotonin. Lipokain - hōmona-e like waiwai i ua ālai ' momoma akepaa, ka mea stimulates ka'okesaside o nā bipi kūpaluʻia, momoma nāʻakika a me kā lākou mākeke, mai ke akepaʻa, a hiki i na nā'aʻaʻa, paipai' ia ka biosynthesis o phospholipids. Vagotonin stimulates ka ha awina o ka parasympathetic ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, ka oi aku o ka vagus nā aʻalolo, haʻalele no hematopoiesis keʻano o ka hanaʻana.