Pottery. Masters o ka Pottery. Main nuances Pottery

Pottery mua hoʻomohala like me ka hana i malamaʻi, no ka hana o ka ipu no kaʻai a wahi e hoahu i ka bulk mea a me ka wai. I kēia lā ia mea he aaioee ma ka mōlina i ka pela 'ia potera ka huila, a laila, ua pili i ka glaze ka maloo huina hoonui, ukali ma ka calcining he palolo kekahi koi' ia. Pela ua hanaʻia 'ikamu i i hoʻohana ma kekahi kula: ka hale' ikamu, e kukulu, mea hoʻonani, nā mea hoʻonani, souvenirs. Mau huahana i kapaia Pottery pālolo, ka mea hiki ke loaʻa i loko o kēlā kihi kēia kihi o ko mākou Honua.

Aia i ekolu papa kuhikuhiE papa o ka 'enehana? Iecaianoaaiiuo o Pottery:

• ? iecaianoaaiiuo o ka hale pōhaku lepo;
• hana o ka lepo a me ka pohaku kēia mea kūʻai;
• ulu o ka oi maemae earthenware a porcelain mau.

Ma muli o ka 'ike loea, a pau na papa o ka Pottery like i kekahi i kekahi, akā, ma laila nō i ka helu o ka nuances i aloha ia i ka hopena hope loa. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE koena unuhi - papa lepo e moe ma ka naau o ka huahana.

moʻolelo

I hōʻike muaʻia aʻe, ka Pottery ua o ka hana i ua hoʻohana wale nō e paka ipu no ka pūnaewele o ka mea a me ka ai. Over manawa, ka mea e hoʻomōhala ai, ka waiwai, a lawe mai i mua o mākou i kēia lā mea,ʻaʻole i loko o kēia palapala, kekahi ike ia nā kūpuna o kākou. Mahalo iʻanoʻenehana ka puana a hoomaka ae la e hōʻike hou 'ikamu hana, ka mea, ua kūpono i loko o ka muli o ia mau' ikamu i refractory pohakulepo, pohaku kēia mea kūʻai, nā kile, nā kile, nōkahea paipu, kuhikuhipuʻuone mea e nani ai, a nui nā huahana.

Aie i ka mea i ke kaiāulu kanaka, ua lilo maʻa eʻoki a decorate Pottery, Pottery, mai ka waeʻano o kana oihana hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka mahele o ke akamai. E hoolilo ana i ka lepo ipu, he mea mahaloia imua o kahiko loa mai ka manawa i na kanaka a lilo ike lea i ka nui mea ma luna o ka Honua - lepo a me kona waiwai.

Ke Kauoha Kahiko he mau i maopopo nä haumäna i ka potera i kaʻoihana kahuna, a me nā huahana kona. Ka hiapo pālolo moku, a hiki i ka prehistoric manawa, a pau ma ka lima kanaka, niioaaonoaaiii, ua ole ma ka shape. Aʻuʻuku ma hope, ma laila nō e kokoke mai a me ka'ololaha huahana,ʻae nō hoʻi i ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka potera ka huila. Mōʻaukala ua i malamaia nā lāliʻi o ka kiko'ī helehelena o ka p ÷ ai, akā, i ka hoomanao ana o ka mea e hele mai ana, mai ka manawa kahiko.

Ua ua ike ia ma Asia i ka mua porcelain ikea mau tausani makahiki aku nei mua. Kēia Hōʻike i ka Pottery ma Kina hoʻomohala nui māmā ma mua o nā hualoaʻa a.

lahuikanaka kēlā i kona mau loina pili i keia hana, huli i loko o ke akamai. No laila, i loko o kaʻApelika Waena'āina i loko o ka kakahiaka iwakālua kenekulia i i ipu ma ka lima, maloʻo ana i ka lepo i lawe mai i loko o ka la a me ka baking nā huahana i i me ke kōkua o ka mauʻu maloʻo a me ka mea nana i ulana ke ahi.

Like no Europa, ka mea, o mai i ka walu o ka kenekulia Pottery mea i piha hoole mai oia. Wale i ka Sepania Moora hāʻawi akula iā ia i pahu aku ai i, ma kahi o ka mea ia manawa, ua huahana mea i uhiʻia me ka glaze.

Pottery loaa kona heyday puni kaʻumikumamākolu kenekulia. Ka loa ma ko kēia hanaia ma Italy, he ua, ua invented majolica - ano keia ano o ka pālolo, a ua i mai o pulehu iho la i ka lepo. Florence i ke ao nei e like me ka haku o ke akamai o ke Pottery, me Luke pāʻoihana Robbia, kona mau sculptures a me nā hana i manaoia e ia i ka haaheo o ka aina, a ma ko makou manawa.

E ho ohana i loea sculptor Robbia, ua lawe Tuscan nā hale hana i kekahiʻanuʻu mua - 'atikala o ka porcelain. Ka mea mua kī ke ahi, alaila e kapa komo iā ia me ke keʻokeʻo glaze, a i na Nails, i kau ai i ka huina hoonui noho ia malalo iho a hiki i ka lua o calcination, ikaika ma mua o ka mua ka mea. Majolica hoomaka ae la e e ole wale ke kuhikuhipuʻuone mea hoʻonani, akā, i ka hale 'ikamu, vases, statuettes.

Ma hope iho o ka emi ana o Pottery ma Italy, Farani i ka baton. Ua ua iʻaneʻi i i invented ma ka umu no ka hoʻolele he palolo kekahi.

Ma ka Middle Ages Pottery e hana, a hoʻohana wale i ka poe ilihune, i ka luna papa hoʻohana olovyanuyu, i ke kala, i ke gula. I ka laha ana o ka Pottery i loaa i ka mea hoʻonani i loko o ka ekalesia. Eia ka mea i hoʻohana 'ia e hana i nā ipu. Similar huahana i hoʻonaniʻia Novgorod ekalesia a me na luakini o ka manawa o ka Romanovs.

I ka pau ana o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia a pau ma, hoomaka ae la ka honua i ka nuʻu mua a pau nā hale hana i mea hoʻoili i loko o Pottery.

pālolo

Ka papa likeʻole ma waena o ka pāloloʻano o kekahi hapa o na nā paʻi hua, e like me ka pono me ke ano o ka glaze, mai a lakou i lawe. Pottery mea a mau ano: anuanu a me ka porous.

Anuanu - mau 'ikamu i i hoʻolele' ana i ka manawa i wela fused i loko o ka homogeneous paa nui. Ma ka huli ana o keia huahana kohu aniani. He mea kalaka nui-aniani moakaka, a 'aʻole i ka hoʻokemu wai, a me ka hahau i ke kila, e haawi ana i ka hunaahi. Laʻana anuanu Pottery - porcelain.

Porous ke kue, eaaei uhai aku, i ka wai a ua hooholoia. I waena o kēia mau huahana - faience.

Aia paha ia huahana mea i hui ole ia i ka iaʻano, a me nā mea i kekahi mea o ka hoʻololi ma waena o nāʻanoʻelua.

anuanu

Kēia waeʻano o Pottery nova ma ka penei:

• Hard porcelain. Fused nuipa, translucent, ka lole, laholio, homogeneous, paa, ka mea, aole i hua mai ai i ka hana ana o ka pahi. Kēia porcelain he kaolin, chalk, pōaka a me ka feldspar. Ua Ua malalo i pālua ia i kī pū: mua nāwaliwali, e uhi i ka glaze, laila, ma hope o ka ka penaʻana ikaika.
• Kahi I porcelain. Ua ua i kapaʻia ka Palani. Kona maʻiʻo - aneane aniani moakaka alakai glaze. Ua hoi pono papalua kī pūʻana, ma mua wale loa ikaika, akā, ma ka hopena nawaliwali.
• Neglazurirovanny porcelain a biscuit. Ka mea, i ka mau porcelain nuipa a.
• Paria. Ma ke kaupaona mea kokoke i ka palupalu porcelain, ka mea i he yellowish hue, trudnoplavky.
• Carrara. White, translucent. Kona kaumaha - mea he keʻa ma waena o nā pōhaku i nā huahana a me pariyanom.
• Stone huahana. Ka mea, i wehewehe aku e kekahi anuanu nui o ka uku-na hua liilii. Aia mau ano a me ka akahai huahana,ʻano nui keʻokeʻo.

porous

Kēia waeʻano nā:

• Akahai faience. He He läÿau, o refractory lepo a me ka silica i. Ua ua uhiia me ka aniani moakaka ka penaʻana. Weight opaque apo hookahi.
• Ano o earthenware, a majolica. Kēia ula-yellow nui, a ma hope o ia kī ua uhiia olovyanoy opaque ka penaʻana.
• Waiwai o ka pono a me ka ognepostoyannoy pālolo kekahi. O nā pōhaku lepo, nā kile, nōkahea paipu, etc.
• Mohaikuni pohaku nuipa, paha, e like me ka mea ua kapaia, terracotta. Kona haku mele 'ana - ka hoomaemae lepo, a hoʻoweliweli iā apana o pau huahana. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka mea hoʻonani o vases a me nā' ikamu.
• Maʻamau Pottery. Mass hua mai la ia mai ka lepo, lepo marl, a mai ka opaque alakai glaze.

Nā Pono Hana no ka Pottery

E e pohakulepo, porcelain a me ka earthenware, oe e hana i ka hana i kēia: e e ka lepo nuipa a, 'ano mea, maloo, puhi, a hoʻouhi me ka glaze. Ke kumu o mea no ka hana o nā huahana - ka palolo. E ke Kumu potera makemake e hoʻohana i ka potera i ka lepo, a paʻa i ka makemake (viscosity), a me kona wela ia'ku mea maikaʻi no e pili ana me nā huahana. ʻOiai ka lepo iho paʻa nei i ka nui kiʻekiʻe o ka ductility koi 'ia mea, e hui aku kākoʻo mea aie i ka mea i i hoʻolele ia mea hikiwawe loa a me ka haoʻa mīkini'opihia, i huli mai i ka huina hoonui i loko o ka awkward mea. E e he nui loa na mea huahana, pono hou one, lehu, sawdust, no ka maikaʻi kona mea e like me nā huahana Pono fireclay - he lepo lā, a ua hua mai la, mai ka pēpē huahana.

No ka mea? Iecaianoaaiiie o maʻamau Pottery mua o koʻu mau lepo e e waiho no kekahi a elua makahiki i loko o ka lewa makahiki paha i loko o ka wai. Ma hope o ia mea, 'oni iki ma ka lāʻau pahu, i loko o nā nā hale hana hana kūikawā machines. Kēia hana i pono i ka mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lepo o ka pohaku, a me ka'ōpala. Once ka pālolo ua huki mai i ka pahu, ka mea, ua pelupelu ia ma ka puʻu e i oki me ka pahi ma ka lahilahi una. Hou ka mea i hoonohoia ma ka pahu a me ka 'oni iki Hoomau pinepine, hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana o nā impurities, i hiki ke noho ma luna o laila. Higher papa huahana, o ka oi aku colorless kauoha eiiiiiaiou e e lea ua holoiʻia. Ka walaʻauʻana rula o benign nā paʻi hua o ka lepo - kona homogeneity. I mea e like ai, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lepo ua maheleia i liʻiliʻi apana, a i hoohainu iho la i ka wai, a ma hope o ka lā "otmokaniya" kuu i loko o ka wili mīkini. Nā niho o ka mīkini me ka kokololio kuapo o ke oki pālolo, a me ke kahawai o ka wai hala ma ke keena, e hookiekie ae uuku loa na apana he kūikawā pūnāwai i loko, nui noho ma ka lalo. O 'Amelika punawai, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe no ka mea e hiki mai ana iliwai, kahi lohi (particles) e waiho, i ukali ia e kekahi mokulele hēkī hāpai ia i loko o ka lua o ka wai puna. lepo ka mea, ua eliminated loa. Kēia enehana ua wale hoʻohana mehana ka wai, no ka mea, mea maikaʻi, e hoʻokaʻawale apana o ka lepo, a ua hōʻeleu i nunui ka, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻina mililani aku i ka kaʻoi loa ana wela.

Nā huliāmahi o na eiiiiiaiou i hoʻoholo ai no kēlā me kēia huahana kaawale. Manaʻo pīhoihoi o ia hoʻi, kekahi ia lŘlŘ ma naʻano likeʻole: maloo, kōmi 'ana a me ka wai jets. Ma ka loaʻa 'ana o kēiaʻaʻahu nuipa a malaila e waiho ana no he nui helu o ka hua'ōlelo i makemake Oe. Keia pilikia ua eliminated paha kūikawā pono, a ma na wawae o ka lepo wale peretaptyvaetsya a ka makemake hana mau.

ia i kī pū

Ma kekahi wahi paiki pono, pālolo - ka mea, 'o ka mea hookahi lepo, akā, hele kī pūʻana. Alaila, i ka wa a makou e olelo aku nei "pālolo", ka mea, ua manaoia huahana i mai'okanikaʻole mea (pinepine clays) a me nā mea huihuina laila me nā mea hoʻonui, a i hua mai ma kiʻekiʻe mahana, a mahope ka huʻihuʻiʻana.

Ke kī pūʻana kaʻina kānāwai irreversible loli, ma hope i ka mea ua hoohuliia i pālolo. Ke kiʻekiʻe ana wela kuʻi nukeliu o ka nani (particles) ia lŘlŘ i loko o ia mau wahi, kahi a ka mea i loko o ka leo.

Ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka 'ike loea hou porcelain undergo mea hou. Kēia mea ma muli o ke okoa mea, ke koi ana wela, a me ka waiwai o na eiiiiiaiou. Kēlā i kona iho feedstock huliāmahi kēia, e like me ka kekahi ana wela.

• huahana o ka lepo - 1000-1200 degere Centigrade ;
• no ka pālolo huahana - 1100-1300;
• no ka mea? iecaianoaaiiie o porcelain - 1200-1400.

Product Technology calcination ua lawe mai ma kekahi ano. Naʻe, i ke ahi kaʻina hana i loko o kaʻula - mea kenekulia, kŰlń hanauna kauoha. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mahana a me ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ke kaʻina hana, e loaa huahana o ka loli iki ana e like ai. No laila, ka mea i kā mākou ana wela i loko o ka umu ahi i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie aʻole e hoʻololi a ka mea, na welau o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka holoʻokoʻa'ōhui o huahana.

A, i ke ano o ka hoʻopau 'ana i huina hoonui hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka haku mele' ana o ka lewa i loko o ke kī pūʻana e'a'ā ana. Ua hiki i kekahi degere o ka lewa'okesaside. E ho ohana pela i hoakaka ia kiko'î a hiki ke loaʻaʻo ia Pottery lepo waihoʻoluʻu loli mai eleele i ka uliuli.

ana glaze

ua i uhiia kekahi Pottery hana me ka glaze. O nā pōhaku lepo, kaupaku nā kile, terracotta ipu. Ka ai-kapa glazing ua lawe mai i mea e hoomalu i ka Pottery mai oi ona mau. Na ia mau hopena loaʻa i loko o kahiko a me ka ia i kī pū waiu - he ano o ka haawi ana i ka huina hoonui he maikai kona helehelena a me ka wai e kū'ē'ē mai.

Aʻole ka loa pipiʻi Pottery glazuriruyutsya maka i ka mea ia manawa o ia kī. Keia ua kapaia Anting. Ke ae pā o kēia hana ka mea i calcination umu ahi Ka Wailele O ka paʻakai i huli i loko o ka ohu, a ua waiho ia ma ka 'atikala. Ma ka henua kahi i na aina ia ua hana fusible hui o ka holo akula.

Kekahi ka penaʻana iaoia mea i ka glaze potolchennoy i loko o ka palaoa wali, pīpī i ka huina hoonui. Pinepine keia mea o ka hoʻonaninani-i nā huahana: ipu, paipu, a 'ē aʻe unfired. Mamua o ka lole komoʻuʻuku nona, he huahana haukaʻe i ka palaoa kāpili ma luna, a calcined.

Ke ae pā o ke kolu o ka iaoiaeii ka mea, kaikoo glaze huahana a i ka hana mau o ka holika. A like iaoia ua lole komoʻuʻuku nona paa huahana mea e ole kūpono kou ka hoʻokemu wai. No ka laʻana, kekahi mauʻano o ka porcelain a me ka earthenware.

A me ka aoao hope o ua porcelain a me ka earthenware huahana e hoonoho iho i loko o ka ipu me ka glaze. Kēia papa hana ua papahana no ia huahana, a ua hoolilo i ka palupalu o ia kī a initially absorbs kinowai. Glaze ua wili i loko o ka palaoa wali, i kawili pu ia me ka wai. Ma keia kinowai ua like no me ka waiū no ka hana mau, ka huina hoonui ua kau, a absorbs ka hui. Ma ia he glaze mea hiki ke hana i ka unuhi.

Art Inc

I kēia lā ka pāpana, kekahi loaa he alanui e hoʻonānea. Kekahi o ka loa a me ka nani hana ano - i ka hana Pottery. Aia nō e ho'āʻo i kona lima i kēia nō aoao elua. Ka mua - e kuai i ka potera ka huila, a me ka mea mea i aʻoʻia. Pottery i loko o kona hale iho - ia mea,ʻaʻole wale kaila a me kaila, akā, i incredibly leʻaleʻa no ka oe, i kou 'ohana a me nā hoa. Ma keia hihia, e hiki ke haha noa artist, ho'āʻo kekahi ano, ma muli ma ka wikiō Aʻo Hoʻohanohano.

Ka lua o kaʻaoʻao - Pottery kula. Ma ka papa o na malihini,, e like me oe i, oe e e hiki, e ho'āʻo i ka kūlana o ka nani, a me ka mea nāna i hana artist o ke kiʻi kaula.

Psychologists aku nei au i ka Pottery - he alanui nui e Makuakane me stress, e lilo lakou i poe 'O ke kaulike a me ka hooikaika. Art Inc, e like me ka poe akamai, i kekahi o ka mea maikai aoao e hakakā kaumaha a me nā neurological kāna hana. Pastime o ka potera ka huila kōkua hoonohonoho manaʻo, ae oukou mai ka nīnūnē kela la i keia hassles, a imi i ke ala mai o ka pilikia wahi, i hiki. "Full wa e ole ke hoʻoponopono i kou pilikia, akā, ka mea oiaio, e kōkua i loaʻa aoao, e hoʻoponopono i ia", - i kekahi leo e olelo aku nei kauka.

Products a me kā lākou mau lima

Ma kela hale, he lepo, pālolo a porcelain. Ka nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiuo mea hiki ole i ka mea hou kekahi hola kona mau kīʻaha a me vase no ka pua.

Pottery - ka mea, Aloha incredibly leʻaleʻa, a pīhoihoi ka hoao ana no ka ohana a pau. Hiki i leʻaleʻa, aʻo hou pāʻoihana, hoʻomōhala i nā mākau a me ka dexterity.

E kipa i ka mea mua potera ka Workshop, oe e i i i kā lākou mau ipu. Hooikaika ka kumu pele me ke ahonui i beginners, ana nō ia, a kōkua ma na mea a pau. Pottery kōkua e Makuakane me ka poe liilii, stress, ka hihia mai ka maʻamau o ke ola. A me nā huahana mea e hoolilo ia oe iho, e lilo kēia i mea e e haaheo o kekahi lanakila ma luna iho. Eia hou, ma hope o kou hulina hana no ka Circle, a hoomakapo i ko oukou ipu, oe e e hiki ke pena hoʻi i kona mau lima. Hereʻoe ke hōʻike i nā mea a pau wale. Kēia huahana o ka makana hemolele a me ka mea i aloha ai.

Popular aoao, lā piha makahiki e, a hui kālepa hanana paa no ia i hana ia. He He maikai manawa e kamailio, e kiʻi i ike i kekahi i kekahi, a ike i kaʻike hoʻokumu o ko lākou mau hoa. Eia hou, keia Holiday oiaio no e hoʻomanaʻo no kona kū hoʻokahi, originality, a me nā huahana i kū kaʻawale o ka potera ka huila, e ia i makana nui ma ka hoomanao ana i ka mea lā. A me kekahi e wehe aʻe i ke tālena seriously a e kamaʻilio i kēia mea, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai, e oaka ana i na iau iho o ka Pottery. Ka oi aku ana keia ha awina keiki. Inā ka mea, he maikai i sculpting mai ka lepo, a laila, e pono e ho'āʻo e haawi ia Pottery kula. Kēia e kōkua hoʻomōhala i ka Hawaii mākau o nā lima, i ka pono ia ma luna o ka naʻau i loko o ke keiki, a me ka makakū Loaʻaʻia o ke keiki, e wehe. Mea a me ka pīhoihoi Hobby e hoʻomōhala ana i noonoo, paʻakikī a me ka manaʻo.

A Hobby 'ole i ka hana?

I keia la o ka honua o ka Pottery ka loa mahalo. Ka mea, e pili ana i ka waeʻano o nā huahana i mea mau i loko o koi a me ka pili. Kēlā me kēia hale, he lumi kuke mau ipu, vases, ipu, kiʻi a me nā souvenirs. No ka mea, he nui na kenekulia i kēia hana, ulu i loko o ka no, ka mahalo, a me ka koi. A no ka mea, kuko Pottery increasingly e hoʻomōhala ana i loko o ka maoli pāʻoihana. Iho Pottery ka loa e pono hana, no ka mea, i ka papa kuhikuhiE maka mea - lepo - noa mea i literally waiho pono ma lalo mākou mau wawae. Beautiful, mua, akamai huahana ke lawe maikai uku i ka Hookah. Pottery haku - ia mea he hooiaio no ka uhane. Oe ke na¯ 'ke ao nei, kiʻi i kū hoʻokahi Hobby mea e lawe mai oe i ka waiwai, e like me hoike aku i kouʻike hoʻokumu.

Pottery mea hanohano a pau ma luna o ka honua. I loko nō o ka mea i loaa ia ia he mau umi o nā kenekulia, ia loa ia hele mai o ano.