Silika Manufacturing: i hala iho nei, a hoʻokomo i

Hoopaapaa e pili ana i ka wā i ke silika? Iecaianoaaiiie kaʻina hana i ua hoʻomaka ', hoʻomau a hiki i kēia lā. Eia naʻe, hulikoehana loaa ma Kina i, ma ka mea, hiki i ka hopena i keia mea -'aʻaʻa koena ai, 'ike akula ia ma 1958 ma Shandong mokuna, ma ka hikina China, o ke ao nei ka kahiko extant silika waiwai. Ano, ua kapa silika "King o ka'aʻaʻa" a i mea i loko o ka likeʻole ma o ka laha ', a me ka loa a me ka waiwai pipiʻi - he kūlohelohe mea, ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i ka mōʻaukala a me ka moʻomeheu o ka lani aupuni a pau.

Aoi ka Auguseto ka wahine

Silika? Iecaianoaaiiuo ma Kina, ua oi aku mamua o 6000 makahiki. I ka moolelo o keia nani lole uhi i kaao. E like me kekahi o ia mau mea, o ka wahine o ka Yellow Emperor Huang Di i e noho ana ma lalo o ka silika laau a me ka inu kī ka wā i kona kiaha i ka mea keʻokeʻo poepoe - cocoon. Ka wahine aloha i contemplate i ka likeʻoleʻike manaʻo, a ike aku la i kekahi mea poepoe, o ka fluffy keʻokeʻo ka pae i Konakele. Waiwai nui. Makani, i ka pae ana ma ka manamana nui, ka Auguseto ka wahine aʻike ihola i ka mea olona, hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia no ka ho okumu i ka lole. O ko ianei hoomaka iho la e ulu silkworms kauoha ua hōʻike hewa.

Ma hope, ua invented China ma primitive loom, ma hope a ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke silika i loko o kahiko China i loko o ke au o ka Shang i nohoaliʻi ai i loko o ka XVI kenekulia BC. e ka. Ua hiki i ka nā kulanui.

Ma lalo o ka eha o ka make: i ka malu o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o Chinese weavers

Pākē haku i kona oe mālama i ka malu no ka oi ma mua o ka tausani makahiki. Ka ike ole ia o ke silika? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o ke ao kahiko, ua mālama loa ikaika - i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka, ka mea, ua kekahi o ka loa hoomaluia "pāʻoihana mea huna." I ka pāpā ma luna o ka mea hoʻolilo o silkworm larvae, cocoons, silika anoano hana ma lalo o hoopai o ka make.

'Oiai, i loko o ia mau lā mākou i ka pono, e hoʻomākaukau ia i loko o ke silika gowns wale i Emperor, a no ka ike i ka moʻomeheu o ka sericulture a me ka filature koke palahalaha ae ma Kina, a me ka lole kuai ia e ka poeikohoia o ka waena i ka papa, a me ka poe ilihune.

Paheona lole a me na aahu i ike ia no ka maikai ka pono a me ka hana nani a pau. Akā,ʻaʻohe inhibitions,ʻaʻohe uku hoopai hiki i hooki i ka mua o ke silika i nā'āina.

The Great silika Road

ua lilo silika huahana nui ka hapa o ka haole kuai o ka Pākē aupuni a pau. Waiwai lole Ua lawe ia Europe ma ka silika Road. Waiwai kaʻi aku ma na mauna a me ka waonahele, nā kāmelo, miula, aʻaʻohe keʻakeʻa nei hiki ole ana i kaʻelemakule e lawe ana huakaʻi - waiwai ukana i olelo mua iaʻi i ka nui waiwai.

The Great silika Road kaahele ma Asia a me 'Eulopa, e kuhikuhi ana na ola a me lifestyles o kekahi mau kanaka. Ua hoomaka ia ma ka Yellow River Valley, maalo ae la oia ma ke komohana hapa o ka Wall Nui o Kina a hiki i ka Issyk-Kul Lake. Next, i ke ala o io ma ke kūkulu'ākau, a ma ke kūkulu hema: ke alanui hema alakaʻi i Ferghana, Samarkand, Iraq, Iran, o Suria, a me ka Kaiwaenahonua kai, a me ka'ākau diverged i loko o elua pauku - kekahi hele i Central Asia, a me ka lua ma luna o ka lalo ino i o ka Syr Darya River ma ke Komohana aneea oneiaey , a, palekoki i ke kūkulu'ākau-hikina o ke Black kai maʻEulopa. Ka huina pau loa o ka Great kilika Road ua oi aku mamua o 7000 kilomika.

No ka ropi? Iecaianoaaiiuoʻikeʻia i loko o Korea, laila, i loko o lapana, India, a, ma hope, ma ka aina Europa, a me ka Roma aupuni a pau. No ka kenekulia, ke silika Road ua he maoli manaʻo o ka global kalepa ma ka hana. Kuai? Ooia o ke kilika Road hanaia no na tausani o ka makahiki. "One kāʻei, hoʻokahi alanui" - o ka manao i ke kālā no, a ma ka manawa: i loko o ka XXI kenekulia ho'āla anei lākou i China ka pilikino E pili e revitalize i ke kilika Road me ka waihona kālā ma ka alanui, kiʻekiʻe-ka māmā holo hoino aku a me ka awa, a hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka ka hoʻokōʻana o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo kumu i loko o ka lehulehu o nā 'āina? Aneay ciia.

Ma ke kilika Road hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka honua i ka nui loa silika iau ma Hangzhou. Ua loaʻa he nui helu o ke kūlana huahana a me ke koena ai kahiko dynasties Pūnaewele Puni Honua a me nā makahiki.

Features silika? Iecaianoaaiiuo

Oiai ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke silika i loko o ka wā kahiko China i pololei hoʻolaha, e like me ke kaʻao, i ka Roma mōneka e hoʻokele i smuggle silkworm cocoons i loko o ke kapikala o ke Byzantine aupuni a pau, Constantinople. Ua i mai o ke kahua ma ka imperial Palace cocoonery (wahi kaawale no ka? Aneii larvae o ka silkworm) a me ka hoʻokumu winders. Products ua Fabulous kumukuai - a me keia mea ku pono i ka ka manaʻo pohihihi a me ka nunui-kahua kaʻina hana o ka hana filaments, a laila, i ka pau lole.

? Aneii o silkworms a me ka silika? Iecaianoaaiiuo pono i ka hailona o ka noonoo, no ka hana a me ka hana akahele ka mālamaʻana.

O ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Iecaianoaaiiuo

Inā mākou e wehewehe i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke silika pōkole, e i ke kēia kaʻina. Hahai silkworm oiai ko lakou wa e ola ana, i mau mai ka 4 a hiki i 6 lā, e moe ana ma kahi o 500 hua. Larvae hānai silika lau, ka mea, i ka nui ikaika loa ka makemake, ko lakou kaumaha maoli he hikiwawe loa. Ka hoʻokikina enuhe larvae hoopuni ana ia lakou iho me ka waiwai i ua hua mai la ma ko lakou kuikawa glands. Initially nō ka mau lahilahi silky, solidifying i loko o ka lewa. Ma puni tracks hana anuanu filament aʻeo ka hoʻolele '. Kukulu ana i kekahi kuhia o ka cocoon, ka enuhe höʻike i loko o kona waena, a i nā hana i ka cocoon - keokeo fluffy poepoe.

Ma hope o 8-9 lā, i ka larvae hoopau a cocoons i hooluuia i ka wela o ka wai, e loaaʻi i ka ili aku ai. Lākou lōʻihi paha e mai ka 400 a hiki i 1000 mika a me ka mānoanoa o 10-12 microns. Kekahi mau he olonā i kaula makalii o ka silkworm - ia maka. Next, ka mea kūpono nā huakaʻi ua hoohuliia i ka lole. ʻO ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka loaa'aʻaʻa mea nui: he wahineʻaʻahu e lawe ma kahi o 630 cocoons.

Ka hou 'ana o ka' ike loea hou Chinese

Ke kūpono nā huakaʻi i ia e wahi iho la ma ka spool. Shelkokrutilnye mua invented ka huila, a hiki i ka Ming aliʻi. Ma ka XVIII kenekulia ma Jiangsu haku hua machines, ma i na huila i hooauhee aku ai ia ia, pela e māhuahua productivity.

A laila, i hana i ka mīkini no ka hana o ka nunui-i nā pōpō lole krupnouzornoy, a i ka hou 'ana o ka' ike loea. Chinese silika lawaiʻa ua nui hou aku ua hana i 'Eulopa - ka mua mīkini, tkavshy silika ribbons,ʻikeʻia i loko o Kelemania wale nō i loko o ka XVI kenekulia. Ke koi no ka silika fabrics ulu nā loko o Kina, a puni ka honua. E hoomau i ka hoʻoikaika silika? Iecaianoaaiiuo mechanization - i ka mōʻaukala o keia lole, ua ulana pūʻia me ka piʻi like o ka lole wilikî.

Filature a me ka ulana: i hala iho nei, a hoʻokomo i

I ka wā o ka industrialization o ka XIX kenekulia ua he emi i loko o ka 'Eulopa ropi oihana puolo. Ka lua o ka "silika aupuni a pau" ma hope o Kina lilo Japan. Nike Japanese silika, oi hoomaikai ai i ka puka o ka Suez Canal, ua kekahi o na mea he nui aʻe emi ka huina o na lilo o ka mea. Eia hou, ua hiki mai ka muli o kemikala olona, e Kīwala'ō i loko o ka hana o nā huahana e like me anal a me parachutes.

Elua honua kaua keʻakeʻa i ka lako hou i ka maka mea, mai Iapana a me na Europa silika hana ua ma ka standstill. Akā, i loko o ke kakahiaka nui 50-ies o XX ke kenekulia ma Japan, ua hoihoi hou ia silika? Iecaianoaaiiuo, hou i ka mea e like ai o ka maka mea. Japan, a me China koe kekahi o ko ke ao nei ka alakai nā hoʻohua o ka maka silika, a kokoke i ka wale nui mea hoʻolilo i nā 1970s.

China ua i nā rethought kona kulana like honua alakaʻi i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke kilika a me ka mea hoʻolilo o ka maka kālepa ma, ka hooiaio ana e hahai i ka mōʻaukala o ke silika kona mau kumu boomerang. I keia la produces ma kahi o 125 tausani na tona o ka silika i loko o ke ao nei. Aneane elua-hapakolu o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie ua haawiia i ke China. Other nui nā hoʻohua - India, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Uzbekistan a me Brazil. KeʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia o ka nui loa o ka mea hoʻokomo silika huahana.

Nā waiwai o maoli lole

Articles i ka maoli silika e e ka lā'ī a me ka palupalu, a me ka waihoʻoluʻu -ʻaʻahu. Best wahi e kuai silika ma Kina - ma Suzhou, Hangzhou a me Shanghai nā hualoaʻa a enterprising kāne e hooponopono, silika Kauai a hiki i keia aina.

Kūʻai i nā huahana i ka maoli silika, E e noonoo.

• silika huahana koi lima-holoi;
• kohu ma ke silika huahana Pono e koke mae i loko o ka wai huihui me ka mehana detergent;
• ma hope o holoi pono e hoʻokolokolo pono holoiʻia ia, a akahai ka maloʻoʻana me nā huahana;
• hao kapa i ke silika e ia i ka haʻahaʻa wela (ka mea, ua hoailono aku la loko i ka ka hao);
• hoohehee maemae au ia huahana a ka maikaʻi, e haawi aku i na cleaners maloʻo me ke ano puka;
• E mālama i ka huina hoonui i loko o ka maikai hihia (i ea) a aku mai ka pololei Map.

Hoʻokō 'ana i kēia mau mea kōkua, e kōkua paʻa hoola olinolino moemoeā mālama kapa' ikamu a me ka 'ikamu hâʻawi wale ma ke ano maoli.

Rayon: hiʻona a me ka oko

I ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia, muaʻikeʻiaʻimi hoʻopunipuni silika, kona hana, ua like, mai ka kelulose puluniu. . Ka lole ua kapaia viscose.

ʻimi hoʻopunipuni a me ka kemikala ke ano o ka silika fabrics i ka hanana alohilohi, ka mea e malimali a me kaʻaʻahu. Pehea eʻike maoli, maiʻimi hoʻopunipuni'aʻaʻa? Muli o kona kulana pinepine ke kuai ke kuai i hoʻopuni i ke kumu kuai kiʻekiʻe.

Eia kekahi manaʻo kōkua ma ka mea e nana i ka wā koho i ka lole:

• maoli mea pahee i ka hoʻopā a me ka mahana, e likeʻimi hoʻopunipuni, cooler a emi pahee;
• maoli loleʻuʻuku rumpled, crumpledʻimi hoʻopunipuni ikaika;
• maoli'aʻaʻa mālie alohi a me ka shimmer,ʻimi hoʻopunipuni - i ka oi alohilohi;
• ua weluwelu hope oʻimi hoʻopunipuni filament e like me ka palaki e fluff na olona, a me ka kūlohelohe - i loko o ka pua o kanaka ieie-olona,;
• pulu filament rayon, mai hemo mai oi ma mua o maloo wawe;
• hana o ke ahi filament hiki ole mau pili, akā, ka mea, o ka loa ike loea: Natural ka pae ua sintered i loko o ke anuanu pōpō, fleeting a me ke o ka umu ahi e iho lauoho a me kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni'ā a hiki i ka hopena, e ke ala o ke ahi synthetics;
• ʻimi hoʻopunipuni pūnaewele Aʻole e emi aku ana lakou, e like ma kona ano maoli;
• rayonʻaneʻane mae i ka la, a me ka'aʻaʻa maoli ma manawa, lilo waihoʻoluʻu a me ka mae.

Silika hiki ke kapaia he hanana huahana mea i hele mai ia mākou, mai ka wā kahiko, me losing i ka nani a me ka pilina. Fashion hale a puni ka honua - Dolce & Gabbana, Valentino a me kekahi poe e ae e ho okumu i ka ohi ma muli o maoli silika, hauoli ana i ka Ka Uluwehi O Ke connoisseurs o ka oiaio maikai hou facets o ka pono o ka mea - haawina o ke ano i ke kanaka-haku.