Soviet kapa kila nā limahana lawe BTR-152: hoakaka

Ka pilikia o ka transporting nā limahana ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II kaumaha nui kou manaʻo a pau Soviet manao Buro, a oi loa aku hoi i ka High, e kauoha aku. Ma muli o ka ho'āʻoʻana i hala iho nei, ka mea, ua maopopo i ka hana no keia meaʻike mau ia i kona kalaka wale karaima, mai kekahi naʻu, e poipuʻenemi mokulele a hoi ke ahi mai i na mea kaua liʻiliʻi hiki ke hoʻouna i oblivion a pau Oihana. He mea ku ei ke kāʻei kua o kēia mau manaʻo, a me ka mea mua Classic kapa kila nā limahana lawe BTR-152.

Enuhe paha huila?

A me keia ninau mea i hana ole ana, a hiki i keia la. Initially i ole i ka hana o ko mākou poʻe akamai i kekahi, Ua lawe mai ana i loko o nāʻaoʻao. First eo apologists meheu: mau machines ke uku 'ia i kona kea, ka mea, ke kau i ka puu o ke kapa kila. Akā, ua mau pilikia.

Mua, o ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ke aʻo no mechanics, O Keaukaha o ka lako a ua kiʻekiʻe a me ka wahi emi iki mahope o ia mea i ke ao no ka tankers. Motorized infantry me ua mua he nui o ka poʻe hao wale, a nooaai? Ia he nui helu o ka loa o kona mākaukau 'Oihana i ua hampered. Eia hou, e loli ana i ka hopena maikaʻi hana o ka Nui Patriotic War.

Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hoʻoholo. Pūʻolo kapa kila kaa, e like me ka mua ho i, e hoopau i ka liʻiliʻi 1/3 hou wahie, a ina e nana aku ma luna o nā mea kaua i pili i ke kau paona ana, a hiki loa aku. Pehea e lawe mai i kekahi mvssu kakolina diesel i loko o ka hou nui ke kaua?

Eia hou, i ka huila o ka mīkini ka luaʻole pono o ka hana, a me ka hoʻoponopono manufacturing, i ka hana ke ola o kā lākou mau mea 'ē aʻe. Eia hoi, i kēia mau APCs mea kŘpa a oluolu e e lana, oiai me pūʻolo kaa ia i lele hema crank mai i ka hailona ka paʻakikī. Ke koho i i, a, e kuni i ke 152-APC.

Ka hoʻomaka 'o ka ulu

Mua i loko o kakahiaka 1946, i ka mea kanu i ee VMS'āina ZIS-151 hi. Hou, i ka ike o ka mua makahiki, i ke kaʻa i kope i mahi ', like pono hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻohana i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni, a ma ka na puali koa. Soon, akamai ike i loa ao ka hana wale nō i ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua manao a me ka moe uhane, a no laila, hoʻomōhala ma ka noiʻi i loko o ka mahinaʻai o hoʻokahi wale nō poe koa transporter, i loaa 'inideka "e hoopii mai ai-140".

Hoʻohana 'ia machines mai o ka hae ZIS. No hoi ia i ua aie mai o ka ponoi, a, ma ka truncated 385 mm o. Akā, i kēia kaapuniʻia akamai hoʻohana me ekolu axles. E like me ka palapala kumu hoʻohālike i hoʻohana like me ka, ua kīkoʻo akula wehe Hotele, a me ka nui ikaika, ia mai a me ka ikaika lalo.

Turo hoakaka

Papale hainaka - me ka hoonee aku a me ka ikaika lou i hoʻolako loa permeability o aneane kekahi 'ano o ka aina, ma kekahi malie a me ka climatic ana.

Papale hainaka hilahila e hoʻohana wale i ka haʻahaʻa puʻe (4 kg / knm ^3). No ka mea, a pau na alahaka pili i ka hookahi Track. Ia'ku i ka poho (me i shelling) akamai i mua? Aaony ia e loaʻa hoʻohana i ke kahua a me nā keʻena, a lele aku la i na mea maalea centralized inflating ia ma luna o ka hele. I 152 APCs ke wehe i ka lehulehu, mai ka pilikia wahi me ka i kā mākou māmā holo o ka mīkini engine ua pio koke i 118-122 nā lika. i kekahi. (Ua hoʻohiki waiwai akā, 'aʻole e oi aku mamua o 110 ho'āo ai. C.).

Main ano o ka mīkini

Pōkā pū - lawe type, welded mai ke kapa kila papa, kona mānoanoa ua 6, 8, 10 a me 13 mm o. Ma ka noʻonoʻo a me ka naauao inclination o ka frontal kapa kila hope hiki "malama" hitting pōkā 12,7 mm o. Pake pahu - ma ke alo o ka mīkini, i ka hooponopono ana Module ke aupuni 'ma hope ia. Like ka BTR-40, a pae ma ke kai kūʻono o keia pa alima i aia ma ke kua, a ua loa hamama i ka luna.

No ka hoomalu ana mai airborne ka lepo a me ka kimu hoʻohana weheʻia kāpōlena. Ua lawe Embarkation, a pae mai ma ka puka ma ke kua o ka Aha Kuhina. Ma ka mua loa, aia no na pani elua ma i pii i loko o ke kaʻa O Keaukaha a me ka gunner.

pakiko pale huahana APC

Front kapa kila pepa i kukulu ai-i loko o ka poʻe makapō, kōkua ai i nā ka huna nae ka loiloi 'ia o nā kaiāulu no ka luina. Manholes i loko o ka hakakā kumu mua mai panina papale me inserts o ka mea e kahiko ai miko, pōkā-maopopo aniani. I ka haku mele 'ana o ke kookoo mea kaua o ka hoʻoponopono-152 ka mea nāna nā limahana nā moku halihali mokulele me: 7,62 mm o SG-47 (mīkini pu Goryunova'ōnaehana), i i a laila UAIAaIN e SGM. Ma nā hihia a pau, i ka leo o ka Ammunition oi hoʻokahi tausani puni o ammunition.

Ka mea pepehi hiki ke lele aku ma luna o kekahi o na mea kaua a pau e noho ana ma kēlāʻaoʻao (apana elua kēlā me kēia). Nō hoʻi ma kaʻaoʻao, aia ua kekahi manawa he eono a loopholes, ka hoʻohana 'ana i, ka poʻe hiki ke ahi mai ka kino kāʻei pū a mea. Kuleana no ka pü kŘpa a waiwai nui a me ka oluolu Radio 10-PT-12.

E hooholo ia ana o ka moku'āina o Kaoleioku, hopena a ma luna o laila

First BTR-152, a ua loaa he Hawaii photo i loko o ka 'atikala hele ma ka hookolokolo ana i loko o kakahiaka 1947. I ka Ia manawa "hoʻokūkū ana" ekolu? Iecaianoaaiiuo machines moʻo. I ka hōʻike i nā hualoaʻa hookupaa iho la ia na ka manaʻolana 'ia maikai o ka mea hou e kahiko ai nā limahana nā moku halihali mokulele. Ma kekahi, kona permeability mea me ka nui loa i oi i ka mea o ka GAZ-63. Ma ke kuamoʻo i ke kaʻa ke hōʻeleu koke i 80-85 km / h. Ekolu makahiki ma hope, i ka kükohu APC-152 ua hala loa a pau hoao kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, ke kaʻa i kauoha aku i loko o hana o ka Soviet Army.

Kahe, a mahope modernization

Kapa kila kaa hua mai la i ka mea kanu VMS. Ma mau, a pau ae like ma luna o ka manao i ka poʻe akamai e hoʻokele i ka hana i kekahi 'ano mea, akā, loa ike loea kaʻa i ka mea oo ia e pono no ka hana. O ka holo ana, kekahi hewa i Ua mana. No ka laʻana, kona mana nuʻa ua kŘpa a nāwaliwali, a me ka permeability (wā like i ka pūʻolo kaa) i ole hiki i ka maikaʻi. Akā, i kēia mea.

Ke modernization o ka BTR-152 i lawe mai a laila, ma hope a na machines i ka 'inideka B. kēia mana i aponoia i ka 1955, a ma ka mea ia manawa ia a hemo aku i loko o nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Ka papa likeʻole, mai nā kumu o kükohu he eiiiiiaiou a me na aha halawai ona, mai nā mea a pau'āina ZIL-157 kona kalaka, a ma laila i UAIAaIN e ZIL-151 ma ka hola anaina laina. Naʻe, i ka papa kuhikuhiE His o kēia mīkini mea e onoaiiaea? Ienoai aa, "holomua" centralized ea emi ka waiwai o ke kālā nenoaiu o ka luhi o (12.00 m 18).

Patency a me ka hakakā survivability o ka mea nāna nā limahana nā moku halihali mokulele i ka ia manawa i me ka nui loa māhuahua. Eia hoi, 152 ka mea nāna nā limahana nā moku halihali mokulele (Soviet kapa kila nā limahana lawe) ua loaa ka ikaika winch samovytaskivaniya, me ke kahaha nui simplifying i ke ola o kona O Keaukaha. , Na mea i ikeia'ku me ka 1957, o ka hooponopono hou ana o ka B1, i loaa i ka hou hoʻokolohua o ke kikowaena Turo emi ka waiwai o ke kālā'ōnaehana, i ka maikaʻi hoomaluia mai ka hiki poino. Eia hoi, ua loaa i ke kaʻa i ka hou Radio P-113, ua oi ike loea.

hope hooponopono hou

Ka hola i loko o ka ia wā ma ka mea e kahiko ai nā limahana nā moku halihali mokulele hoomaka ae la e kau i ka po hihio TVN-2, a ma ke awa pae kaikūʻono ua hope paio hahana maoli nō'ōnaehana i koke mahalo i na koa māhū-Baikal Koa District. I ka 1959, ma na mea kaua kahe pūkaʻina Soviet BTR-152K, ka nunui oko a i ke alo o ka maʻamau kapa kila hale, a no ka maluhiluhi kānana.

A kaupaku mea nui maikaʻi hopena ma luna o ka maluhia o ke awa. Ma na aoao, me ka hoʻohana 'o ia i ka constructive pāʻoihana ua ukuia a hiki i ka muli o na puali NATO nukelea mea kaua i loko o kekahi likeʻole.

Ka loa nui loli o ka hope hooponopono hou

Mua, ua mahuahua koke i ke kino kiekie i 300 mm o. Ka holoʻokoʻa loa o ka hale, aia ua kekahi hoʻomoe paa ma kapa kila papa. I ka papakaukau uhi mea oluolu loa e wehe, ua kiko'ī a ka mea, me ka torsion hookolokolo. Pilikia puka Aia ma ka hope o ka mīkini, ma luna ia o ka hoʻokoe huila ua lele akula. Ma luna o ka Keaukaha ka noho i ua hana kaawale huʻa koi 'ia no ka mea hoʻonoho o ka po hihio mea TVN-2.

Like ma mua XAaOOEN, he mea e kahiko ai nā limahana lawe i eha brackets no ka piʻiʻana mīkini pū, akā, i kēia mau Ua hoʻouka kekahi ma na aoao o ka IeIIeYOA o ka hihia ole, akā, 'ana ma luna o ka hale. Ma ke kūlana o nā mea kaua ke malama i ka palapala SGMB a FCT. Gunner wahi mea pono ma luna o ka mana oihana. It E e kaulana i kekahi o na mea e kahiko ai kaa ua nui devoid o ka pū.

Haʻalele hala likeʻole, i ole i keia oihana BTR-152 noho no ka luina hoʻouka 'ana ma luna o ka wahie poʻina nalu. No ka mea, o keia ka helu ana o paratroopers, Nākulukulu nō, akā, me ka nui loa māhuahua hakakā survivability o ka mīkini. Eia hou kekahi, HOU i ua lewa ma ka manao o ka engine, a i loaa ka Aluminum paukūʻolokaʻa poo.

E pili ana i ka pakiko-propelled pū nā mea hoʻonoho

Kēia kükohu i ka mea mua a me ka hope o ka Soviet Army hoÿomaÿamaÿa i keʻano hana, me ka nānā 'ana ma i i hana hana kūikawā ka hoʻoponopono-propelled mīkini ka pū. Ka mua kükohu, ka BTR-152A (ZTPU-2), ua hoomaka e paka i ka makahiki 1950, kokoke e ka poʻe me ke kala o ka mea e kahiko ai nā limahana lawe. Kauoha aku, Ua i kēiaʻano hana i loko o hana i ka 1951.

Akā, ma ka makahiki 1952, ma ka moku'āina ho'āʻo ma hele oiaio "e oia" ZTPU-4 (mau hui kaulua KPVT, he huina o eha pahu caliber 14,5 mm). Ammunition o kēia mīkini ka 2000 pana pua aku makou. Firepower enehana Ua pio ka polokalamu terrific, akā, no ka mea, o ka mea maomeka o ka manuale ka makemakeʻana ka loa paʻakikī e aʻo, hoihoi i ka oihana koa mea hoʻonoho ua ole, kena ae la.

I keia koho ua wale he mau kope, hoohana "hunaahi" i loa ia. Whereʻana i ka zu-23 caliber 23 mm o, a me ka kuikawā mīkini hooponopono BTR-152U, he kiʻiona hiʻona o i o ke kino me ka me ka nui loa mahuahua kiekie. Kēia i hana ma ka mea e pono ma ka na buke nui lako a pan.

I keia la, i ka BTR-152 me ka mālama i mahalo i waena o waiwai Waihona Noʻeau a me kânaka o koa pono, a me kekahi mea ia kūikawā kaa ke hoʻololi i ka hele i ka holoholona a me ka lawaiʻa.