TNT - He aha ka keia? Haku mele 'ana a me ka mana waiwai

I kēia lā, i nā lawelawe i hoʻolako i ka manaʻo kanaka he nui kekahi mau mea pahū. Iwaena o lakou i kūikawā wahi ua ku e TNT. Kēia Nine Inch i huiia ka nui mahalo i loko o ia mau wahi i noi aku disassembly o ka metala, pōhaku puna a me nā pōhaku lepo? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia. Kēia Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka iniiaiie pahū i loko o ka ipu o ka ammunition no koa.

A lohe o TNT i loaa?

Haʻilula trinitrotoluene (C ₆ H ₂ (NO _{2) 3} Ch ₃₎ i loko i ka 1963 makahiki. I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o kēia mea pahū ua noʻonoʻo i ka German chemist Iulio Wilbrand. Mai 1891, i hoʻokumu i ka hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiie o TNT. I ka 1902, i ka Kelemānia, a me ka poe koa Amelika i loko o ka ipu o ka ammunition auou caiaiai picricʻakika, TNT. Rusia Okhta kanu hoʻohana 'enehana Kelemānia i ka 1909, a hoomaka ae la kalepa? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka pōkā pahū. ? Ac? O ka petrochemical hana ua lilo ka impetus no ka nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiuo o TNT.

inoa

TNT - he kiʻekiʻe pahū (HE), i ka i kapaia:

• trinitrotoluene;
• tolite;
• Trinity;
• nitrotolom.

Pahū ukuhiia abbreviated:

• TNT;
• TNT;
• T.

He aha ka ka mea?

TNT - he huahana i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o Nine Inch AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o nitric a sulfuricʻakika me ka toluene. Ma ka maʻamau moku'āina mea he'ā TNT melemele mea pōaka waiwai, i mea hiki ke maʻule i +81 ° C, a ma +310 ° C ignite. TNT mea,ʻaʻole loa ikepili koʻikoʻi i ka me mechanical stress. Mea hoʻoheheʻe trinitrotoluene hoʻohana pyridine, acetone a me ka chloroform.

TNT i nā mea a pau i ka waiwai o ka antibiotic. Hoʻohana 'ia ma ka lapaau me ka Anati-fungal Agena. E like me ka hopena, i ka kaʻawahia kiʻekiʻe o TNT i UAIAaIN e 'ē aʻe nui ka hoʻokō lāʻau lapaʻau huahana.

Hawaii

TNT - mea pahū a hiki ia i ka eha Hawaii:

• Flake.
• He lepo lā. Wehewehe aku ma ka pā lonoaʻili kiʻekiʻe i mawaho ololi, pakahi aku la ia i ke ahi.
• I hopu ai a hoolei aku. Hiki o ka umu ahi e melemele ahi. Me ka maʻamau kaula hō'ā a detonator mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku explodes. Ua wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe pā lonoaʻili i ka detonation.
• Ke Kēhaupaʻa. Like i loko o ka flake, no keia wahi o TNT hoʻomaopop 'ana i haʻahaʻa pā lonoaʻili i ka detonation. I ke kiʻi fused trinitrotoluene, he pono e waena detonators. No keia mea, maikaʻi no ka ikaika loa o Paulo TNT.

E like me ka mea huahana ua i?

Flake shape mea typical no ka lānai hou ua hanaʻia pahū.

TNT manufacturing ke kaʻina hana no i wahi i loko o nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

• toluene aaioee. Ma hope o ka nitration naoh o nitricʻakika, sulfuricʻakika a me ka toluene e hana liʻiliʻi (particles) i loko o ka palapala o ka haikea yellow flakes, i mea laila, malama i na me mechanical ololi. Ma kēia kaʻina, sulfuricʻakika ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka dehydrating Agena.
• Nitration me oleum, ma muli o ia i komo mono- a me ka dinitrotoluene. Ma ka lua o ka kahua o dehydrating Agena hana oleum. pinepine i ka oi nāʻakika i hoʻohana 'ia ma ka loiloi mua kahua o ka hana o TNT.

Ke aaioee o flaked TNT moku'āina i loko o ka heheʻe a me kana olelo hoopomaikai he lepo lā.

hōʻikeʻano

• TNT Ua wehewehe aku ma ka haahaa pā lonoaʻili i mawaho me mechanical stress: ciia, pana aku la ia i ka pōkā hunaahi, kū'ē.
• A impervious i Nine Inch ololi.
• Kilogram TNT hiki ke kālā līkaia 1010 kcal ikehu.
• Inā 'oe i ka maʻamau palaoa wiwi a mae chap TNT hoʻolohe manaʻo me ka mämä holo o ka 6900 mau mika kekona päkahi.
• Trinitrotoluene aʻole i pane koke me ka laau, Ka lula ea Ke, pōhaku puna, nā pōhaku lepo.
• Insoluble i loko o ka wai.
• Ma hope o hooloihi ae i paio hahana maoli nō, wetting i loko o ka wai a me ka hauneneʻe TNT hiki ke kōkua ma muli o kā lākou mau pahū waiwai.
• Ua mālama i ka poeleele hoi i ka hopena o ka waiū e Map.
• Hiki, e kuni i ka mea like me ka hopena o ka waiū i ka hamama lapalapa. Pela TNT naauao ana me yellowish lapalapa ka pouli ea puka.
• TNT e noho i loko o operable ana a hiki ma hope o hooloihi ae i waho pūnaewele. Kula Kaiapuni 'o na kumu o (ka wai, ka honua a me munition kino) aʻole e pili mai i ka waiwai o ka mea pahū TNT.

A BB ke komo i loko o ka pilina?

TNT i ke noi i loko o ke gula palapala ole i hui pūʻia me nā pōkā pahū. Iwaena o lakou, i ka loa, he pono ole i:

• RDX;
• tetryl;
• PETN;
• amiachno-Saltpeter pahū.

Ka hou o TNT e hexogen, tetrilu TENu a entails ka hakumakuma o ko lākou mau pahū waiwai. Ma hope o waho aʻeo o TNT ma amiachno Saltpeter-BB ua malama hoomahuahua lākou Nine Inch ia'ku, a emi iho i ka hygroscopicity.

Noi o ka hanalima pahū

Kiʻi a me nā mines i ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi pahū ana. ʻano nui no kēia mau wahi, i hiki pahū ua hanaʻia ma luna o ka wahi. I ka haku mele 'ana o TNT, i hoomakaukauia no ka hoʻouku ana, ka loaʻa o ka i kēia eiiiiiaiou:

• granulated'amoniuma nitrate;
• kakolina diesel kaʻaila: 3%;
• kalapona ka pauka: 5%.

A elue o ke alo o TNT flake (8%). Kēia ekolu-hapa TNT e hōʻoiaʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokōʻana o ka palaoa wiwi a mae. Ka hoʻohanaʻana i pōkā pahū 'aʻole iʻino i ke kaiapuni.

Pehea e explode?

TNT ma hope o ka detonation koe i kekahi manawa, e ola wale i ka ka poe i mamao aku, mai ka epicenter. I ka triggered trinitrotoluene ano koho nui ka nui o ka ikehu, a hoʻomōhala ana i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE luku ololi BB - hawewe. I loko o ka poʻe hoʻoweliweli kaua, akā, i kona noho pilikia ua hoopiha mai ana i ka mea pahū. Ma ko nā kumumea no keia mea i na kui, ai hua pisetakia, hoʻopaʻa i a me nā'āpana o ka rebar.

E hoʻoholo i ka mana o ka Naita me ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi TNT like paha: i ka ikehu kuu i loko o ka Naita o ka pōkā pahū like me kona nuipa a. Exploded kilograms o TNT produces lawa ikehu e pepehi i kekahi kanaka i mea mai ka epicenter i ka mamao o ka ekolu mika. Me ka Naita hookuu 4,19h106 George, ke mālama 'ia hoʻi ka mea, e ia i ka mamao o 15 mau mika. A tona o TNT ke hookuu aku oia 4,19h109 J. Energy.

Where ka waiwai a ua hoʻohana 'ia i keia la?

A iâ lâkou e hoʻouku, TNT Ua loaʻa kona palapala noi i loko o ke koa. E like me ka mea pahū i loko o ka Russian Hui na puali koa i Hoʻoili aʻela me nā pūpū, rockets, papa wiliʻai pūpū, hopeʻia, a me nā mines hopeʻia ka hana 'enekinia. No kā lākou mau lako a pan i hoʻohana TNT. Ma ka hihia o nukelea mea kaua ho i loko o kilograms a me tons. No ka lako a hoʻohana ammunition makaukau koho:

• pōpilikia no ka lima grenades mai ka 75 a hiki i 400 nā huna o TNT;
• i ka hoʻolako 'Anati-pahu grenades, a me ka hapalua kilograms;
• e iai? oaiaaou ka m mea mai ka 4 a hiki i 7 kg IV;
• i ka pōkā pahū i loaʻa ka 5 na tona o TNT;
• moku i koʻu - mai ka 50 a hiki i 300 kg.

TNT 'āhewa' ana i listen ma ka mea o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia shavings mai RDX a RDX me Aluminum.

Pehea e hoahu?

TNT ua mālama i loko o ka ikaika loa o Paulo moku'āina i loko o ka kūikawā paukūʻolokaʻa a huinahń nā lātike. TNT ua hoakaka ia ma waho no ka paraffin hoʻi i wahīʻia pepa me ka kūikawā kumu no ka huaʻai mālili papale.

I kēia lā, ma ka hou ana i TNT, pahū 'āhewa' ana i ka hana i ka nui ikaika pahū. Ma muli naʻe o keia, TNT mea no ma ke koi i loko o ka hoʻouku hana, a ma ke koa.