Where o Lapland Reserve. Lapland Biosphere Reserve

Ua 'oe a mau loa aku ai lohe ai e pili ana i ka Fabulous Lapland? O ka holo ana ma ka Oiaio! Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole mea ike e pili ana i ke ola ana o ka Lapland Reserve. He aha ka mea kaulana? Pehea ia hana? Ma keia 'atikala ho'āʻo mākou e, e olelo aku i kēia mau, a he nui nā nīnau e pili ana i keia mea kupaianaha wahi.

E hoʻomaka, loaʻa mai kahi o ka Lapland Reserve. Ua Ua aia ma ka akau, ma o ka Murmansk māhele 'āina. He ua, ua aneane 100 o kona mau makahiki, a ma ka hou a hiki i keia noho ana o Santa Claus he nui na hana hoihoi mea no ano o iauaeoia oo? Ecia a me nā kānakaʻepekema. Ka Reserve ka ?? eoi? E loli ai kona nui - ia mea oi ma mua o 278 435 aa, 8574 o ka i lawe i ka wai āpana o ic ?? a me nā muliwai. Manawa a hiki i kēia nui o Lapland Nature Reserve i kekahi o ka mea nui i loko oʻEulopa.

moʻolelo

ma ka olelo hooholo Lenoblispolkoma kēia aooa? iay i hanaia i loko o January 1930. I ia mau lā, i ke kola Peninsula no i ka Hooko Komite o ka Leningrad māhele. 20 makahiki i ka aina reindeer hookoe, akā, ua ua paa hou mai la no ka indefinite wā i loko o 1951. Mea pōmaikaʻi, ua kane manaopaa, kŘpa a koke keia kulana, ua weheia hookoe Lapland hou ma hope oʻelima makahiki, helu, a loaa i ke kūlana o ka moku'āina.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka "Lapland" palena hoʻololi kekahi manawa, a me ka oi pinepine i loko o ka olelo o ka hōʻemiʻana. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka hooulu ana o ka mea pōhaku kumu waiwai i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka hope kenekulia ma Monchetundra nā panalāʻau e. I loko nō o kēia, i ka makahiki 1983, a hiki i ka hookoe ia i pili loa kilakila wahi i loko o ke komohana hapa (129,577 aa). Ka mea, ua like ke aneane 100% o ka palapala wahi. I ka aina o ka moku'āina i anao? Aou "Lapland" ma ka uku no ka hoemi hoʻomehana honua i loko o naniʻole, mea kanu "Severonikel" aina ma ka hikina hapa o ka caiiaaaieea.

Ma ka hapalua like-February 1985 Lapland State Biosphere Reserve ua ia ma lalo o ka malu o UNESCO like me ka biosphere no?. Hana Hoʻolohe "Fantastic Lapland" Ua ee umi makahiki ma hope (1995). Mai laila, hoomaka ae la ke koena o ia ho i ole wale i ka noiʻi a me ka? Aneie, akā, i ka nohona waiwai.

Lapland Nature Reserve - panorama

I nā lā o ka Valdai glaciation kola Peninsula uhi i ka hookahi hau pepa i uhi Greenland i keia la. He nalowale 10,000 makahiki aku nei, e waiho ana i ka kai a hiki i ka lapa ikaika o ka moraine, a me ka hauneneʻe-o Keʻei o pōhaku mana nā mea hōʻike aku, i ka poe i kaheaia "Wahineʻinoloa mau lae". Ma hope o glaciation neia manawa, ua kokoke ole sedimentary pōhaku. Ka mea, i UAIAaIN e hanau papa o Archean elemakule,ʻano nui gneisses.

Ma hope iho o ka heheʻe o nā hauneneʻe nui mau mea o ke kola Peninsula lōʻihi nele. Initially, i ka makani a me nā manu lawe 'aneʻi pilikia lichens a me mosses, mauu anoano. Mea kanu ka pilina i ka lohi loa ia'na o ka pohaku kiʻi o ke kola Peninsula a me ke kahua o ka lepo. Muli o kona kulana koke badlands noho invertebrates, a i ka pilina me ka hoonohonoho hou panorama.

Alaila, hoomaka ae la lakou e hana nahele a me tundra, e ho'ōla lawe i ka makana palapala.

Muliwai a me nā muliwai

Lapland Nature Reserve (Monchegorsk) ua poe e laha laha 'o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu o ka'ākau Eurasia. Aie i ka māhele ma mua o glaciation a hiki i keia aina, e like me ka, oiaio, no ka mea a pau o Scandinavia, ua wehewehe aku ma ka piha kaawale o endemic? Ueo.

Lapland ke kaiaola hana wale nei, no laila, i ke kaʻina hana o ka waho o nā mea hou laha 'o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu i hoʻolaunaʻia ma mea nō ka hoʻomauʻana. ? Ueo 'ano o ka? Aaoa a me flora ua mau hoʻololi, ia, kŘpa a uuku.

Lapland hookoe e hoomahuahua ae mahuahua ma ka muliwai a me ka hoʻokēʻai mauna kahawai. Ma kekahi mau mea, ka mea, ua noho mālie, i ka pali kapa o ka ho'āno. Ma nā kahua, ka mea, rapids ma kaiakahinalii me keʻokeʻo nalu.

He nui i loko o ke koena o ka poe liilii, a me ka nui o ic ??, pohaku, a me kekahi manawa me ka one a uhi me ka sedge mau kapa a pau. River awawa'ō Yagelnaya ululaau. Cover Yuuki malu spruce-zelenomoshniki. Mea, he akea awāwa me ka e kahe ana kahawai, a i moe ia e kekahi wahi paiki loloa o ka maikaʻi ke kino birch laau, interspersed me ka nui hoopuehu ana o na pohaku, a uhi i ka lilelile o multicolored lichen.

Ka nui loa Lake - Imandra, he wahi o ka 880 ei ^2. Ua ua ke aupuni 'oi ma mua o 150 mokupuni. Ka nui loa muliwai - Strelna, Varzuga, Umba.

tundra

Lapland Nature Reserve (Murmansk māhele) kekahi mea kanu, a me ka nānā 'ia e kona Leeuwerikplein wahi - 120 ei akau o ka Arctic Circle - a me ka mauna panorama. Ma hope iho o ka heheʻe o ka hau ili o ka lepo noho lichens a me mosses. Ma ka hoʻohalahala olelo o ka mauna tundra, reindeer ka limu, he pono ole mauna - he punahele delicacy o reindeers. Ma kekahi mau mea, e hoʻololi i ka hooponopono ana laau uuku, crowberry, blueberries, cranberries, bearberry. Ka mea, coexist, a me ka rhododendron lāʻau liʻiliʻi kuropatochey mauu (Dryad).

Ma kekahi mau mea, ma laila nō mākeke a cushion-hoʻokino saxifrage, Linnaeus haʻahaʻa ovsyannitsa, dwarf birch. Ke flowering au o kēia mau wahi i'āina maikaʻi.

Polar taiga

Kekahi o na kumu nui'āina o ka Lapland Reserve Forest mau mea e ulu ana ma luna o kēia mau 'āina mai ka 3 a hiki i 10 tausani makahiki. Ka awelika makahiki o ka laau e uluʻaneʻi no 300 makahiki. Kekahi specimens kau he kiekie o 15 mau mika. ʻeleu kūpono 'ana o ka Polar taiga aie i ka kŘpa a mehana aniau a me ka piha kaawale o permafrost i loko o ka subsoil, ahu iho.

I ka hooilo, ka lepo ua palekana hau, a no ka mea,ʻaʻole hikiʻole E pa ahau. Laau ulu lohi, akā, hiki aku i ka loa kilakila nui, ka mea, ua i ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana ulu pua paha o ka ululaau tundra o Siberia.

Ke kūloko tidara eiaao pōkole paipu i mau ole makahiki ekolu, a no kahi o ehiku makahiki. Ma nā makahiki, i kēia ole ua ike like me ka hookaawale palapala - tidara Vries.

Kama'āina iā mākou spruce hookomoia ma ka hookoe Siberian spruce me ka ano no kēia 'ano o ka uuku pele.

Subarctic a me ka warty birch ulu ma ka spruce nahele, a ma ka ululaau. Sparse undergrowth ninoieo o ka mauna lehu, iunipera Siberian, kao wilou a me nā laha 'o nā wīlou.

Ka honua kanu, ahu iho Reserve he ākea evergreen laau uuku - crowberry, lingonberry, Linnaeus, blueberries, kekahi mau? Ueo o wintergreen. Aia nō he wahi lihi iki o ka evergreen herbaceous mea kanu - Luzula pilosa, lauoho mauu.

Loa kāheaʻia ka limu, ahu iho. Ma ka tidara nahele o mosses ua ana hui me lichens cladonia (Alpine, deerskin a me ka pahee). Ka luna kali ana o ka nahele ua hoailono aku la ma ke kiekie o 380 m.

Animals o Lapland Nature Reserve

Ke ano o keia maikai wahi hiki ole ke manaoia pristine. No ka kenekulia, ke Sami ua ana komo i loko o reindeer herding, a, me, exterminating Moana.

Ma ka hoʻomaka o ka hope ke kenekulia, ma Lapland he mau loa mau reindeer a me ka nui Moana.

reindeer

Ma ke komohana, i ke kola Peninsula i ia manawa, noho wale ana o ka haneri reindeer.

Ka mea, ua pono, e lawe kaʻenaʻena ana i kēia mau holoholona e hoomalu, no laila, i ka 1930, a ua hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka Lapland Reserve. Soon hoomalu ana i ka mua maikaʻi hopena.

I kēia manawa ke koena ua mau ola hou ma mua o ka tausani kanaka. Dia makemake nahele-belomoshniki a me ka mauna-tundra panorama. Lapland National Park waiwai i loko o kā lākou mau punaheleʻai - reindeer ka limu. Mahalo i ka loa-makahiki mālama 'ia hoʻi nā hana o ka Reserve hihiu dia e halii mai i nā mea a pau ma luna o ka Peninsula, ma luna o nā mea a pau i loko o ka mauna a me ka ulu lāʻau komohana hapa.

I ka hoʻomaka o XX kenekulia i loko o ka Lapland Biosphere Reserve ma hope o ka lōʻihi wa e kaawale aku hoi beavers a me ka Moose. Interestingly, ka Moose i hele mai ai i kēia mau wahi ma ka hema a me ka hema-komohana o lakou iho, akā, na beavers i loko o lawe mai i ke koena o ke kulanakauhale o Voronezh. Oiai na? Ueo, ua hiki ole no ia.

Moana

Lapland Nature Reserve mea ma luna o kona mokuna, a me ka nui Moana. Ka loa, he pono ole eleele hānau ai. Wolverines, na iliohae a me lynxes i mau. Aia nō i nāʻalopeke, akā, i ko lākou helu mea uuku loa. Weasel, marten, ermine ana loa pinepine. Snowy winters i loaʻoluʻolu no ke ola ana o voles a me lemmings.

manu

A pau i ka manu e noho Lapland Reserve, e hōʻike i ka au mamuli o ka pōkole 'atikala mea hiki ole. No laila, i kēia lā mākou e hoopaa aku ia makou iho i poe laha 'ma keia hookoe i nui? Aneie nui.

Aiacayueony a me ka poʻe Polenekia ua malama 20? Ueo o waterfowl. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka meaʻuʻuku, kaukaualiʻi keʻokeʻo-ke alo Oie. Nei, i kēia 'ano o ka hoʻomaka koke nalowaleʻana aku o kokoke i ka pau ?? eoi? O ka wahi. Haʻalele nā akau geese, e kū pono Oie lewa ma na kapakai o ka mauna muliwai a me nā kahawai.

Ka mua wahi ma luna o ka waiwai o ka caiiaaaieea no ua ku grouse - grouse, capercaillie,ʻeleʻele grouse, ptarmigan a me ka tundra. Ka hope laha 'ola i loko o ka mauna tundra, ka mea'ē aʻe e moe ai i loko o ka ulu lāʻau.

Na waiwai pio, a me ka pohihihi keia manu e like me ka osprey, gulaʻaeto, manu lele, keʻokeʻo-waʻa, aeto, ke hookoe manao loa hōʻoluʻolu.

iana

Me ka Poeikohoia o kēia mau manu e makemake e hōʻike iā mākou nui. He mea eha e loaʻa i loko o ke ao i kekahi o ia wahi me ka Lapland State Biosphere Reserve, ma muli o kona kulana nui, akā, kaupalena 'ia ka ?? eoi? Noho ma ewalu? Ueo o nā iana.

Ka loa, he pono ole type - he uuku kūkū pueo. He mea he 'elele o ka' ōiwi laha 'o ka akau nahele. Kona plumage Blend i loko pono me ke kāʻei kua i ua hana ma ka'ākau birch.

Kona "kaikuahine" - Great Hinahina Owl - o ka nui loa pueo pepeiao boreal ulu lāʻau, akā, i loaʻa ka mea, he pohihihi. Ua 'Oi ka makemake e noho i loko o ka ululaau, alternating me ka hamama hakahaka, no kekahi laʻana, me ka sphagnum ka pohopoho o.

Boreal a me ka pygmy pueo - i ka huna uuku pueo ma Rusia. Ua koho e noho Punk me ka spruce a me kaa a me birch ululaau.

Marsh pueo pepeiao, Ural pueo a me ka aeto pueo - ka mea nui i loko o ke ao nei? Aaoa. Mau i loko o ka helu, akā, ia mea nō typical no Lapland Reserve keʻokeʻo paha Polar iana.

Aie i ka mea i loko o ka Arctic po malamalama, e pio pueo, e holo ma luna o kekahi i hoʻohālua ma ke ao. White Nights manawa mea lōʻihi - hoʻokahi haneri lā (, mai ka hoomaka ana mai o Mei a hiki i ka lua o ka hapalua o Augate,). Iloko o keia manawa i nā keiki iana pono i ka ulu a me ka hānai i ka chicks. Nolaila, e ike i ka lele pueo i loko o ke ao, he mama e hoola.

Oe hiki pinepine e ike i na me ke koe Marsh pueo. Ua lele lohi hamama hakahaka, huli no ka waiwai pio. Like loa pueo, ka mea, i ka loa nui sensory hui, o ka pepeiao, aole nae kona mau maka hiki ole ke kapaia nawaliwali.

A hiki i ka Map i loko o ka ulu lāʻau hiki ke ike hawkish pueo. Mau laha 'o ka pueo hoi loa covertly, ka mea hiki wale halawai ma ka iho. Ka mea, i ko lakou "pūnaewele" i loko o nā kāwaha ma o ka laau. Here ka mea, e lawe mai i ka waiho ana o ke kino o rodents liʻiliʻi, a me nā manu i kekahi manawa uuku.

A hiki hou paʻakikī, e imi i ka pueo, a me ka lōʻihi-waʻa, tawny pueo. Ua Ua hanau aiia. Ma waho aʻeo ia rodents liʻiliʻi, a nō ka kumu o ko lākouʻai, ka mea, i ole averse e ai i kekahi mau manu a me mammals. Owl catches grouse a me squirrels, maiʻaʻole hoʻi e hala ka manawa, a lanakila ermine.

Lua pueo ma ka Lapland hookoe pinepine hunts grouse, hare hoi a me ka grouse. Aia he mau hihia, i ka wa ia ana e imi i marten. Naʻe, i ka wa a ka Miss oia ke lilo i luahi.

Iana, e hoomaikai lohe mau wahi hiki ke hopu rodents ma lalo o ka mānoanoa ahu iho la ka hau, no laila, aneane pau? Ueony, koe puluʻaha Owl, e noho.

ʻepekema hana

Ka papa kuhikuhi o ka 'epekema ha awina o ka Lapland Reserve - e malama a me ka hoomahuahua i ka heluna o ka hihiu reindeer i loko o ka pau palena o ke kola Peninsula. Eia hou, ke kookoo hana nā ana ka mālamaʻana a me ka haʻawina o kokoke hookoe o hanalima hana ma luna o ke kaiapuni a me ka kālaikaiaola. ʻO nā flora a? Aaoa,ʻo ole wale i nā koʻokoʻo i pinepineʻepekema, mai kahi'ē.

I ka like o nā kūlana ola a meʻano o hihiu dia hoomaka i ka 1929, ma mua o ka puka o ka caiiaaaieea. Ka mua mooolelo o kēia mau holoholona i M. Kreps mauna hooilo.

hele

Lapland Nature Reserve - he nani loa wahi. Ma waho aʻeo i nani loa kuahiwiʻikena, kahiko ka ululāʻau a me ka holoholona hihiu, e hiki ke kiʻi ike i ka nohona'āina hoʻoili o ka Sami, a ma ka hooilo, e hele i ka makaikai a hiki i ka hale kiaʻi o Santa Claus.

e hiki wale Reserve kipa ma mamua hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha a me ka hooponopono ana. E kuni ai i ka huakaʻi, oe pono e hoʻohana i ka luna hui 'lāliʻi e hoʻokoe ai online.