Amelika lunaʻenehana a me ka inventor Robert Fulton: Kawaihae, discoveries a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Robert Fulton - kekahi o ka loa hoihoi 'inoa o kēia manawa. Eyewitness nui hana hoihoi hanana, i ka aoao o ke kaua, inventor a me nä känaka 'epekema. Ua hiki e ka papa inoa lōʻihi o ke kūlana ano o keia kanaka, akā, e makemake e aho no ka hoʻoponopono 'i ka hoʻoilina o ka mea hema i ka mamo Robert Fulton?

Kawaihae

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā'ōpiopio o ka wā e hiki mai inventor i wahi ma Amerika. Ka lā o ka hanau - 1765. Place o ka hanau - kūlanakauhale o Little Beritania. Makua Robert make iho la ia i na makahiki o ke keiki. Robert a me kona ohana, e holo i pili i kona makuwahine - i loko o ke kaona liʻiliʻi o Kūka'ōhiʻalaka. Aia, Robert Fulton hoʻomaka kula.

haʻalele Education o ia manawa nui ia e makemake. Haumana i haawiia mai e hoʻopaʻanaʻau liilii loa o Helene a me Roma ia hana, i kāna moʻolelo o ke ola ana o ke kaawale ana oʻEulopa aina - ua i na poe no ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka inventor o ka iki hoihoi. Where ia mea oi paha e kali manawa i loko o ka kahiko hana Shop ma ke kae o ke kūlanakauhale, rummaging ma na mea artisan kaʻohiʻana trinkets. Ua ma ka makahiki o ka umikumamakoluʻo ia i kona mau mua oaoieei-unuhi, a ma hope ma luna o kona mau sketches, e hoʻoinu ai i lalo i ka honua ka mua mahu-mana moku.

Ma hope o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, Robert Fulton UOAN ia iho i loko o ka Jewelry hana. A laila, ua ho'āʻo e lilo i draftsman. Hoʻomaopopo pehea ia i nele i kaʻike,ʻo ia nō ma luna o ka hele ana lōʻihi no 'Enelani - ke kapikala oʻanoʻenehana HOU. Heʻaneʻi i nā mea a pau invented e Robert Fulton, ka mea, ua hoomaka ana e lawe maoli shape - moeʻuhane huli i loko o ka lanakila.

E nohoʻoukou i loko oʻEnelani

Robert Fulton noho i loko o Beniamina West - kekahi o na Artists loa kaulana o ka manawa. He i i haalele i kona moe, e hana i ke kai o ka moku me ka fundamentally hou engine -ʻaʻohe hoe, aʻaʻohe makani. Eia hoi, ua hanaia ka papahana. Ka mua unuhi ana o ka moku i oleloia i waihoia mai ai i ke Aupuni oʻEnelani i ka 1793.

I ka 1797, neʻe akulaʻo ia iā Paris, kahi āna i hoomau i ka hana ma luna o kona hana mea hou i hana muaʻole i makemake i kona inoa hoʻomau - Robert Fulton. Kawaihae o ka inventor paipai i ka paʻa kūhohonu loa wā o kona olaʻana. Ma Paris, Fulton këia Kelemānia a me ka 'ōlelo Palani, e hoʻoikaika i ko lākouʻike iho o kemika,' enekinia, a me ka makemakika. Here halawai mai la ia me Dzheymsom Ramzi English inventor nana i ka 1786 kūkulu i prototype o ka steamboat mua i loko o West Virginia.

Ke rejection o ka puka

By Franklin ka kähähä, i kona loaʻa i noʻonoʻo i kekahi mau manao wale,, lapuwale liʻiliʻi. Admiralty Ua hōʻike i ka mea, ua ole ana i ke kālele 'ana ma o ka notoriously ole-existent moku. Kuhi hewa Robert Fulton me kā lākou papahana e hele ana i Farani, kahi i make ai, ua iho kipi, Napoleon hele mai i ka mana 1. malia paha France, e pono ia no ka hou pāhana?

Robert Fulton a Napoleon

Ka memo o ka helu Mirabeau, he mea hoomanao no ka halawai o ka inventor Amelika me Napoleon. Robert Fulton, i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka moku, i kaumaha aku i ka Emperor o Farani hoopiha i ka'auwaʻa me ka hou moku, a makemake hoʻonoho ma ka noi ma ka mea o ka mahu. He koi aku i ka Auguseto, i me ka kaua machines Napoleon 1 koke lanakila i kona perennial enemi - France.

e hoolohe ana i ka inventor ma hope, wahi a Napoleon:

- O kela lā, au i ma ka papaʻaina horrifying papahana a invent oi naʻaupō kēia i mea hiki ole. Just nehinei, au i kaumaha aku i ka aina ma ka mokuna oʻEnelani lio, e noho ana ma ka lima Dolphin. E aku - oe paha kekahi o ia mau Kamehameha!

He hana hoihoi i ewalu wale nō makahiki ma hope, i ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia moku "Bellerophon" Napoleon i kipaku ai i ke kahua o kona lawe mua - ma ka mokupuni o St. Helena .. Ma ke kai hamama halawai ka moku me English mokuahi "Fulton" e kolo ana me ke kōkua o ka mahu kiko'ī.

Mokuahi loaa "Bellerophon" a nalowale ma luna o ka moana lipolipo. E like me ia i nānā i ka moku Amelika, Napoleon olelo inoino:

- 'Aʻole i hoʻolohe i Fulton, au lilo koʻu lei.

Ka mua moku

I ka manawa, Fulton ua imi no kākoʻo ana ma no ka hana o ka moku mua me ka mahu kiko'ī, i ka 1800 o ka mokuluu "Nautilus", e lanakila i ka manao o ka nana aku i ua kakaʻikahi ma Farani. Akā, no ka oihana hana "Nautilus" ua i ka pono, ka mea, ua nui na mea, a me ka hoʻokēʻaiʻana e holo maʻalahiʻalo aʻeʻenemi mokuluu. Hou ia? Ieoaeunoai o ka moku i kau, a me ka waiwai io o ka mokuluu i Loipālākiō makahiki wale nō hoʻokahi haneri hope - ma ka First World War. Paha hooeueuia lakou e keia moku no na makahiki ma hope o Verne, e kākauʻana i kona make ole "Captain Nemo". I ka 1803, i ka wai o ka Seine crisscrossing ka mokuahi mua. Akā, no ka nui-unahiʻole, i mea no? Iecaianoaaiiuo i lawa ka manawa a me ke kala. A me Robert Fulton nō e hoʻi ai i Amerika.

kai naʻi aupuni

Ma Amerika, Robert Fulton, he mau makahiki hoolilo ia ma luna o ka holomua o ka huila Hawaii nā loina o ka hana mahu-mana. Ekolu makahiki ma hope, ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana i kona'āina i loko o ka hopena o ke kauwela o 1807, i ee ka mua steamboat ma luna o nā wai o ka Hudson. Kona wā i kapa ia "ka mokuahi Northern muliwai o Claremont," akā, ma ka mōʻaukala mau palapala, oia ua ike ia "Claremont". I ka mea, Claremont - i ka inoa o ka mea waiwai'ē aʻe Fulton, i i ke aupuni 'i loko o 177 kilomika mai New York. I ka lele mua, "North River" Ua i ma ka Hudson, mai "Clermont-New York." Hoomaopopoia ana o ka aneiai Loaʻaʻia o kona hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, Fulton Palapala Sila Nui i kona loaʻa a ua like kala ana o ka moku ma ka United States.

Steamboats ma Rusia

I ka 1813 Fulton noi i ka Lūkini ke aupuni e haawi mikanele pono no ka hana o ka muliwai mokuahi ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Emperor Alexander 1 i hanaʻeha ai iā ia a pau i ka mea pono, akā, e hana i ka mea o ke Aupuni o Fulton, a hiki ole. No ka makahiki ekolu i moku i ole, ua hemo aku. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ka inventor he monopoly i loko o 1815 no ka hana ana o na moku kuai Charles'ōkuʻu, ka mea i loko o ka hookahi makahiki a hemo ka moku mua o kona mahu-mana. o ka hanana olelo i paʻiʻia ma ka "Keiki o ka Fatherland" Magazine. Aia no hoi i ka mea mua, e hoʻohana i ka hua'ōlelo "moku", a ma hope lilo i kekahi hapa o kaʻiʻo nō o kēia Lūkini 'ōlelo.