Bernard Shaw: Kawaihae, hana, hana

Ma ka mokuna o XIX-XX kenekulia i loko o ke ao nei moʻokalaleo hoomaka ae la e ka nuʻu mua loa hou anoʻAno a me Halaman. Ka papa likeʻole ma waena o ka moʻokalaleo o ka hou kenekulia ua i na protagonists ole he manawa na kanaka, a me ka manaʻo, ka mea, i kekahi hana i komo i loko o ka hana. Nā kākau mua i hoomaka kākau "hana keaka o ka manaʻo" he H. Ibsen, Chekhov, a, o ka papa, Shaw. Ma muli o ka hana o ko lākou mau palapala, ai 'makua, Shaw ua hiki ke komo i loko o ka hana ana o ka loa hou hana keaka kahua.

Biographical 'ike

Dzhordzh Bernard Shou, ke ao nei-kaulana playwright, i hanau July 26, 1856 ma ka kapikala o Ireland - Dublin. E like me he keiki ia i ke akea hoike mai lākou'ōhumu mai ai me ka hana kuʻuna hoʻonaʻauao aupuni e, a ua ikaika i haalele ai, a ho'āʻo i ka manawa, e hoʻolaʻaʻia lā i ka heluhelu. I ka makahiki o ka umikumamalima makahiki, oa. E. I ka 1871, hoomaka iho la ia hana i ke Kakauolelo, a i ka 1876, hele aku iʻEnelani, eia nae mau no o kona naʻau i ke Ireland. He oi loa maopopo no kālai'āina a me ka pilina inequalities, i kōkua mai i ka'ōpio mea kākau hikiwawe i ke ano a me ka hōʻike 'ana i nā mea a pau wā e hiki mai i kāna hana hoohaunaele iā ia i loko o ka hana.

Ma ka hopena o '70s Shaw hope hoʻoholo koʻu wā e hiki mai, a wae moʻokalaleo like me ka' oihana. I na 80s hoomaka ae la oia e hana ana i ka puolo manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ka palapala, ai poʻe loiloi a me ka hana keaka loiloi. Bright a me ka palapala 'atikala koke hooeueu ae hoihoi i waena o nā mea heluhelu.

Eia kekahi laʻana o ka peni

Ka mua na hana o ka mea kākau - he puke i loko o ka mea ana i UOAAaOON e hoʻomōhala kona mau 'ilepili hoʻokokoke me ka hailonaʻana o nā paradoxes a me vivid weliweli loa. Kela manawa, i ia manawa i loko o nā hana o George Bernard Shaw mea, e aho, i ka mea mua ka palapala, ai sketches, mea he 'ōlelo ola, hana hoihoi i kamaʻilio, Haliʻaaʻela ka huapalapala, a pau i mea ai e pono e lilo i poʻokela kākau moʻolelo.

I ka 1885, Bernard Shaw, ka mea hana keaka lilo oi 'oihana, hoomaka ae la ka hana ma ka huina hoonui "House widower", a ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka hou hana keaka maʻEnelani.

pōʻai wale

Nui kūlana ma ka hōʻike like me ka mea kākau moʻolelo pâʻani i kona pili aupuni a me ka pilina wale. I ka makahiki 80 oia i he lâlâ o ka Fabian lehulehu. Nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi 'ia ma kēia hui, na mea i ike, ina oe i ike i kahi i kona inoa. Ke kaiaulu Ua kapaia ma hope o ka Roma nui Fabius cunctator, ka mea i hiki ke hoʻolilo i ka luna ino o ka Carthaginian Hannibal kaʻoi loa, no ka mea, ua hiki ke kali, a koho i ka manawa pono. Mākou ma muli o ka mea ia nā kaʻa mokulele a me ka Fabians, ka mea i makemake e kali a mea e e hiki i ka hahi capitalism.

Bernard Shaw, nona na hana i manao ia e wehe i ka mea heluhelu i ka ho'āʻo hou o ko mākou manawa, ua he ardent kākoʻo iā ia, no ka hoʻololi ma kaiāulu. He makemake e hoʻololi i wale hoopaakiki iho la na kumu o ka capitalism, akā, i ka mea a pau-mai HOU ma ka hana keaka au kahiko.

Bernard Shaw a me Ibsen

He mea hiki ole ke hoole i ka mea i ka hōʻike o ka loa malama pono kānana o Ibsen ka tālena. He hoopau ai i ke kākoʻo i ka manao o ka Norewai playwright ma luna o nā mea hou e pono ai ma kaʻikena moʻokalaleo. Eia hou kekahi, Shaw i komo i loko oʻeleu propaganda o ka manaʻo o kona kiʻi. I ka 1891, lilo 'o ia i ka mea kākau o ka puke "Quintessence ibsenizma", ma ka mea āna i hōʻike ai i kona inaina o ka bourgeois lzhemorali a me ka hoʻokô' ana i ka lukuia'na o ideals wahahee.

E like me ia Shaw, Ibsen HOU hoikeia mai i loko o ka hana ana o ka ikaika o onei, a loaʻa kekahi kumu, nä meaʻai o kēia hui kūkā. He mahalo i Ibsen, ua lilo Chekhov a me Shaw hoopaapaa i integral hapa o ka hou hana keaka.

"Mrs. Warren ka hooiaio ana"

Kekahi o ka loa hanohano ka hana keaka o ka mea kākau o ka hewa satire o VictorianʻEnelani. Like pono me Ibsen, Shaw hōʻike i ka walaau ole discrepancy ma waena o ko waho a me ka ike maopopo, i ke waho o respectability a me ka loko nullity o ko lākou mau meʻe.

Home Radio ka heroine - he kaikamahine o ka oluolu kupono, a hiki ho'ōla nui kapikala a me ke kōkua o kona maalea. Ke ho'āʻo nei e hoapono ia ia i kāna kaikamahine, ka mea aole lakou i ike e pili ana i ke kumu o ka 'ohana makahiki, Mrs. Warren nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka abject ilihune ma i a pau i noho ma mua, arguing ana ia i pahu ia a hiki i keia I Aloha Hawaii. Kekahi e noʻonoʻo i kēia 'ano o ka ha awina hiki ole ke hele i ka hoao, akā, Bernard Shaw wehewehe i ka mea heluhelu e Mrs. Warren i ka luahi o ka poe pono ole kaiāulu na manao ona. Ka mea kākau Aʻole e hoahewa aku i kona ano, no ka mea, ka mea e hele ana e pili ana i ka hui, i hākālia nō a pau alanui i ka pono no ka waiwai.

Ma retrospect, mākau haku mele 'ana, a ua aie mai Ibsen Shaw,ʻaneʻi hoʻomaopopo ma kona maʻamau noaia: i ka oiaio no ke ola o Mrs. Warren, wehe i nā. Ma ka mea kuleana hope o ka hula o ke kūkākūkā ma waena o ka papa kuhikuhiE ano a me kana kaikamahine, nona ke kiʻi i ka mua hoao ana o ka mea kākau, e kolo `i ka maikaʻi meʻe.

Aloha no ka Puritans

A pau kana mau hana keaka i ka mea kākau māheleʻia i loko o ekolu waeʻano: maikai, kaʻawaʻawa, a me ka Puritans. Ka meaʻawaʻawa loa Radio ka mea kākau i hoao e kolo `i ka weliweli hoike ana o ka nohona oʻEnelani. Maikai, ma ka mea ku ole, ua e nana i ka mea heluhelu. Ka hana keaka no ka Puritans i AIM e kiola aku la i ka mea kākau o ka e pili ana i ka kūhelu lzhemorali.

Māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana o Bernard Shaw e pili ana i kana mau hana keaka no Puritans ii aku ai ma ka kakaʻina a hiki i ka puke, paʻi i ka 1901. Ka mea kākau kuleana i ka mea i ole he hookamani a me ka mea i makau i ka kolo `manaʻo, akā, ma luna o nā lāliʻi o nā mea a pau i nā hanana a me nā hana o nā huapalapala, e aloha aku, akä,. Inā 'oe ma hope keia rula, e like me ka playwright, aole kekahi e koa, ano a me ka lokomaikaʻi, ināʻaʻole i loko o ke aloha hiki.

"Heartbreak House"

Ka hula "Heartbreak House", kākau ma ka pau ana o ka First World War, ia i ka hou wā i loko o ka ulu ana o ka makakū hōʻike. Kuleana no ka pilikia kahua o Contemporary pono kākau kau ma luna o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia intelligentsia. E hoʻokūpaʻa i kēia manaʻo ma ka pau 'ana o ka hula, aia mea he symbolic kiʻi o ka moku i ka holo ana, a lana i loko o ka pouli, a me ka luna, ka mea i hoi mai o kona luna ka alahaka, a me ka poe i haalele i kona hui i loko o ka indifferent e kali ana no ka hewa.

Ma keia play, Bernard Shou, he manawa pōkole Kawaihae i hoike kona hoʻokô 'ana i ka modernization o ka palapala, ai' oihana, hoaahu realism i hou lole, a haawi aku ia nā hanana hiʻona. Ka mea kākau huli i ka fiction, symbolism grotesque manaʻo politika a me ka philosophical hoailona ia. Ua lilo ka integral hapa o kona hana keaka hope grotesque wahi, i hiki a me nā huapalapala i hōʻike 'ana i fantastic noʻeau ano a me nā kiʻi,, a me ka mea, ua oi loa aku hoi maopopo hoikeia ma ka satire kālai'āina. Ka mea, e malama aku i ke kulana oiaio ma kaʻikena kālai'āina 'ia, e wehe i ko kakou mau maka i kaʻiʻo nō o kēia mea heluhelu.

Ke Lepe Unuhi 'ia o ka mea kākau pili ia i kona hula "Fantasy i loko o ka Lūkini kaila ma English Halaman", e hoike ana ia mea, i mālama ai me ke kumu hoʻohālike no ka hula o Tolstoy a me Chekhov. Bernard Shaw, kona puke e nona maʻilikai i ka maloko sewage meʻe o Chekhov kaupaona i nāʻuhane a me na naau pepe nā mea hana keaka o kona puke, ka mea thoughtlessly luku aku i ka nohona'āina hoʻoili o ka lāhui.

"Ka Mele kaʻa"

I kekahi o kona loa Popular hana keaka - "Ka Mele kaʻa" - playwright e haʻi ana i nā hiʻona o ke kaiapili-kālai'āina kulana maʻEnelani, o ka mua kolu o ka XX kenekulia. Ke kikowaena theme like ana o ka hula - he kūkākūkā o ka waiwai kālai'āina, King Magnus, a me ka Aha Kuhina. Nā lawehana, ka poe i kohoia e na kanaka, 'ole. E. Ma ke aupuni ala, e hoopai i ka paa ana o ke Kumukanawaiʻano o ke aupuni o ka moku'āina, oiai ka Moi e Kiʻi i ka mana a pau i loko o ka moku'āina no wale nō i ke aupuni. Kūkākūkā me satirical parody hehee ai e leie aku kākau i ka hōʻike 'ana i kā lākou oiaio e pili ana i ke aupuni kulanui, a wehewehe i ka noho aupuni aku ai i ka aina maoli nei.

Bernard Shaw, kona Kawaihae helu pū 'ia nā mea a pau i kona hoʻowahāwahā no kekahi nauki o ka mana, imi e hōʻike i ka oiaio ma ke kua o ka moku'āina o ka hakakā,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka confrontation ma waena o autocracy a me ka kvazidemorkatii, akā, i loko o ka "plutocracy." E like me ka mea kākau, i ka makahiki "plutocracy,"ʻo ia hoʻi, he kŰia ia ma lalo o kaʻaʻahu o ka hoʻomalu aupuni a ka lehulehu, i luku ai i ka mana a me ka aliʻi aupuni a ka lehulehu iho. Eia kekahi, o ka papa,ʻaʻole me ke kōkua o ka poe ma ka mana, e like me Bernard Shaw. Kaha puana'ī, mai ka hana hiki wale hoʻopuʻipuʻi hou i kēia nānaina. No kekahi laʻana: "King - keia mea o ka maikaʻi kau akula ma luna i ka pua kiele o wahi kanaka kolohe nei, me ka maikaʻi, e alakaʻi i ke aupuni, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke alii me ka puppet," - wahi a Magnus.

"Pygmalion"

Mawaena o na hana hōʻike i nā makahiki mālama '-kaua, kū mai Comedy "Pygmalion." Ma kākau keia apana, i hooeueuia lakou e ka nā kaʻao kahiko i ka mea kākau. Ua pili ia i ka sculptor o Pygmalion, ka mea i haule iho ma ke aloha a me ka kiʻi hana e ia ia iho, a noi akua Aphrodite hoola i kēia mea, a laila, he kupanaha Animated kiʻi lilo i ka wahine o kona Mea Hana i.

Shaw, palapala iho la i ka laekahi hoʻokolohua o ka nā kaʻao, ma i ka papa kuhikuhiE huapalapala i ole mythical, ia mea maʻamau kanaka, akā, me ka maka pua o ka ia: o ka mea kākau polishes kona hanaia'na. Ma ke kūlana o Pigmalonaʻaneʻi o Kumu Higgins, ka mea e ho'āʻo ana e hana i kekahi lede mai o ka Eliza simpleton, akā, me he hopena ia i hoʻowalewaleʻia kona naturalness, hoʻololi 'ia no ka maikaʻi. He 'aneʻi i ka nīnau aicieeaao like ia no ke kumu o na koa elua, a me ka mea i hanaia, eia nae ke kumu nui nāna i hana, o ka papa, i kona lilo Bernard Shaw.

Kawaihae Eliza muli o kona kulana typical 'elele o ia manawa, a ua pomaikai phonetics Kumu Higgins makemake ia e hoʻopoina i puni ia mua aku, a ua lilo iho la ia i kaila lede. E like me ka hopena, "sculptor" i hana ia. Kupaianaha hou 'o ka protagonist Shaw i makemake e hōʻike ana, ma ka mea, aole mea i hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o kekahi pōʻai pūʻulu. Kekahi kanaka i ia i ka Loaʻaʻia, ka pilikia mea wale nō i loko o ka oiaio i ka mea, aohe ala, e hoʻokō ia i loko o ka poe ilihune heluna kanaka strata.

ka hopena

Bernard Shaw, quotations, mai ka hana mai o i i ike ai i kela hoʻonaʻauao kanaka, no ka mea, he lōʻihi manawa hiki ole ia aliʻi e 'ike ai, a noho i loko o ka malumalu, no ka mea, ka mea no ka luna hoʻopuka hoole e hoolaha i kana hana. Akā, ma muli naʻe o nā mea a pau nā pilikia, oia e hoʻokele i ka hoʻokō i kona iho, a lilo i kekahi o ka loa hanohano playwrights o nā mea a pau manawa. Wehena, a ma neia hope aku, e e hoʻokō, ināʻaʻole e huli, mai ke ala akau, lilo iho la ka leitmotif o ka nui English playwright, e ae ia ia e ho okumu i ole wale he unmatched hanaia, akā, e lilo nō hoʻi ia i ka Classic hana keaka.