"Bryansk Forest" - he biosphere hookoe ma UNESCO

ua uhiia A nui loa kekahi hapa o ka aina o Rusia ma ka ulu lāʻau, no laila mākou e hanu hou lewa, a ua hiki ke mālama nui pohihihi keia manu a me na holoholona. I kekahi o kēia mau mea, i ka hookoe "Bryansk Forest", Aia ma Suzemskom a me Trubchevsk moku o ka Bryansk māhele, Nerusso-Desna woodland, a ma ke kapa hema o ka Desna River, i mea he hookupu o ka Dnieper. Ka wahi o ka nahele - 12.186 aa. I ka 2001, ua loaa i ke kūlana o ka biosphere. Eia ka mea hoʻopaʻa i ka 'ike i na mea he nui paipai manaʻo obelisk ilina o partisans i make' aneʻi i ka hope honua kaua.

An hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka mea no? "Bryansk Forest"

Aie i ka mea i keia hookoe ua ke aupuni 'o kekahi Leeuwerikplein cii: ulu lāʻau, a me ka deciduous boreal ululaau - he mea he wahi lihi iki ma ia
'ano o nā flora a me? aaoa. Hope i waiwai i loko o pohihihi keia? Ueo. Ma kēia wahi, he wahi lihi iki o ka limu ka pohopoho, a ulu mauʻaʻei kanu: Scheuchzeria Marsh, bog mureto, wilou Lapland. Nui hoihoi i loko o ka akau nahele o orchids. Ka mea, i he nui loa eiiieaena liluwelo kūpono 'ana, a kokoke i ka loa mua e pane i hoʻololi? Aneie rula ma kaʻaoʻao maikaʻiʻole. No laila, a pau orchids i hoomaluia. "Bryansk Forest" Reserve, makana iā mākou me ka 19? Ueo o orchids. Kekahi o ia mau mea i makemake ai e like me ka miomio o, ka mea ke e like: Cephalanthera rubra, slipper oiaio, Dactylorhiza Baltic, epipogium leafless. Ua nā hiʻona 769 laha 'o vascular mea kanu. O kēia mau mea,ʻelima? Ueo i kekahi helu i loko o ka mālama puke: dactylorhiza traunsteineri, epipogium leafless, slipper oiaio, Cephalanthera rubra, ka lede ka Dactylorhiza Baltic.

Animals e noho ana i loko o ke koena

Ia i loko o kēia mau wahi mea i hala loa he hailona. Flora holoholona, vertebrates, he 245? Ueo: 153 - manu, 50 - mammals, 11 - amphibians, 6 - mea kolo, kekahi 'ano cyclostomes a me 24 - ka iʻa. He nui pohihihi laha 'ana o na holoholona i loaʻa i loko o ka hookoe
e olaʻi malumalu. Here e mālie iho ola-ua ahaaina badger, beaver E ke Kumu i ka backwaters a me nā kahawai lehulehu i loko o ka muliwai otters ola Nerusso. Eono laha 'o nā manu i hoʻopaʻa i loko o ka buke o ka pū waikaua, a me: oho shrike, nahesaʻaeto,ʻeleʻele setoreka a me na mea e ae. Wahi, koe nae ma ka hookoe "Bryansk Forest", he mea hiki ole ke huai ae a pau he umi ano o ka pohihihi keiaʻEulopa woodpeckers: uliuli, oho,ʻeleʻele woodpecker, kikokiko woodpecker liʻiliʻi, meakino motley, nui kikokiko, keʻokeʻo-makani hoʻi, Suria, wryneck a me ekolu-mai ai. Wahi'ē aʻe i loko o Europe e loaa ia lakou a pau i kahi hookahi hiki ole loaʻa. Ua ua ana i loaʻa kekahi laha 'o ka akau manu, e like me grouse, boreal pueo pepeiao, eleele woodpecker. A malaila no ia mea hala loa heʻoluʻolu E ma Remez a me ka nui egret - hema nā kupa. Ke Lūkini pū waikaua puke i makemake ai 12 laha 'o nā holoholona, nui a me ka uuku kikokikoʻaeto,ʻeleʻele kikonia, Ukrainian lamprey, Mnemosyne, Apollo hahai, dia ahiu,'ūhini lele, kanaka nunui noctule, muskrat, waena ke kikohukohu woodpecker, oho shrike, nahesa aeto.

Ke kokua ana o ka caiiaaaieea no a me ka huliau

Ka māhele 'āina i loko o i ka "Bryansky nahele" ho accumulative
papu, haʻahaʻa-moe, kāhela. Aia ka mea,ʻaʻohe nui kiekie paha, ma ka mea ku ole, nisin. Ka palena iki kiʻekiʻe o ka wahi - 125 m, oiai ka i kā mākou - 210 Hoʻohaku -. 140-170 m + pohopoho wahi pili kino, a ākea kaiakahinalii papu, he mālie ihola ua ili, a me ka palahalaha i alapiʻi. River Valley nui aʻe ana wahi hiki 12-15 kilomika, he okoa i ka wai akea o ka mai i elima mau kilomika. Floodplains i wehewehe aku e loa kaumaha o ka oa ?? i hiki ole i ka laula o kekahi i mau kilomika, a noho nā'āpana. Aia nō ka mea mau pāpaʻu kaumaha, a ma waena 6-9 mika kiʻekiʻe, sinkholes a me nā kāwaha. Ke aniau o kēia mau wahi subcontinental, ka awelika makahiki mahana o 5.4 ° ^C. ke kimu mea 550-590 mm o no ka makahiki. Winter He IeAUPIIe, IAa IO moderately anu. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mele: "Shumel loa Bryansk ulu lāʻau ..."? He mea pono e pili ana i ke koena. Ka luna hoʻomalu e pumehana. Ka ikaika hawewe o ka makahiki mahana - 25-27 ^° C ka hapanui o ka makahiki - 136-154 lā - ka lewa mahana o Aʻohe degere.

Reservoir Bryansk nahele

Polesie muliwai e hoʻokupu o ka Desna River , a e pili ana i ka ipuʻauʻau o ka Dnieper. Kekahi 'ike e pili ana i ka? Aiiioe? I kahe ma ke koena. Nui aʻe ana Kanal i ma ka wahi o ma kahi o 90 ei, kona laula: max - 144 mika, mau - 60-80 ka m Poyma - Meadow, kahi weuweu, 4-5 ei ka laula ..

Kekahi muliwai Nerussa haʻalele poe hookupu nui aʻe ana, i ka lōʻihi ma luna o ka hāʻawi 'āpana o ma kahi o 110 ei, i ka wai laula hiki e mai i ka 52 mika, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO - 25-30. Ka laula o ka floodplain - 2-3 mika, ia mea pohopoho, ululaau, Meadow a me ka ululāʻau. Ua ikeia mai Navlya River, Akau a me Usozha. A me he wahi lihi iki o ka liʻiliʻi muliwai, ka lōʻihi o ka i loli aʻe mai ka elima a hiki i 38 kilomika "Bryansk Forest" Reserve, wehewehe aku ma ka uuku helu o ic ??, a nō ka papa kuhikuhiE muliwai oxbows Navlya, Nerusso a me ka nui aʻe ana. O floodplain Reservoir ku aia ma ka uka i alapiʻi nui aʻe ana Zherenskie Lake: Lake. Big Gérin, he hohonu o 0.3-0.4 mika, a me Lake. Small Gérin, ma kahi o elua mau mika hohonu. Aia mau no hoi uuku loa, ano i keia ano o ka sinkholes.

Pehea e kiʻi i ke koena mai o ka kokoke kūlanakauhale

Mai Bryansk - no ka Track "Bryansk-Kiev" a hiki i ka huli ana i ke kauhale o koraka ka Log, etc. - Ka kulanakauhale o Bee, Kholmech, Terebushka, a me ke kauhale o Berezovka. Aia, ma ke kikowaena, a he mea i ka huli ana i ke kikowaena Manor. Mai Trubchevsk - ma ka Track "Trubchevsk-Suzemka" i ka hou, Luna, a me Berezovka. Mai Suzemka - ma ka Track "Suzemka-Trubchevsk" i Kholmech, Berezovka. By hua lole - ala hele "Bryansk-Suzemka" i Nerussa anuu, a me ka hapalua kilomika ma kona wāwae, a hiki i ke kikowaena Manor. Hooponopono iho i Reserve Bryansk nahele'ōnaehana, Aia i loko o ka 'āina' konu ma alanui Kalinina, hale helu 34. kēia oihana i loaa mai no kana hana i hoolea ma ka World Wildlife dala.