Cytology - He aha ka mea?

Cytology - He aha ka mea? No ka piha 'ana o ka makahiki, e hoʻohuli i i ke kahiko Helene' ōlelo, no ka mea, i mai no ia, a ia hana. I unuhi 'ia mai ka mea kahiko Greek "kitos" - i ka halepaahao, a "logos" - i ke ao ana. No laila, cytology - He aha ka mea? He ka 'epekema o aeee. Inā e hōʻike ana i ke kumuhana i loko o nui au mamuli, ia mea e olelo aku i ka mea, ua këia lākou me nā hale a me nā loina o ka hana.

I ka moolelo o ka muli a me ka ulu ana o ka 'epekema

Ke microscope mua i invented ma ka waenakonu o ka XVII kenekulia. Maoli, mahalo i kēia manaʻo, a ma laila cytology. He aha aʻole ia ke ano o? Ka mea i ka mea i nana ana aku i ka meaola e noho ana ma ka primitive manao o ke kiʻiona aniani, ka Pelekāne Robert Guk mua 'ike akula i nā mea a pau o ia i haku no microparticles divisible. He kapa i ko lakou keena. Aʻumi makahiki ma hope, kekahi kanaka noiʻi - Antonie Leeuwenhoek bato - loaʻa i nā mea a pau aeee i kekahi kauoha kūloko ma 'ole a me ka hana ana o kekahi lauana. He pū nona a me ka wehe Kora naʻEsau. Naʻe, i ka manaʻo o ka 'ole o na keena a me kā lākou hana, e noho i ka lōʻihi manawa hampered ma ka nawaliwali kūpono' ana o ke microscopes. Ua lawe nā kēiaʻiʻo a me ke kapuai ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia, ka wā o ka 'ike loea i me ka nui loa hou. Ka loa nui hopena o kēia wā o ka cytology like me ka 'epekema - o ka hanaiia'na mai o ka halepaahao kumumanaʻo, a me ka loaʻa o ka protoplasm.

aeea kumumanaʻo

Hoʻohana 'ana i loaa i loko o keia au empirical ike, elua biologists - T. a me M. Schwann Schleiden - literally i ka ia manawa mohai i ka' epekema kaiāulu ka manaʻo i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu i haku loa o like naehana - keena. A me kēlā no kēia mau aeee mea pākahi i ka waiwai o ka meaola ola. Kēia e hoohalike ai o ka luna 'ano o ke ola ma ka Honua i i he nui hopena ma luna o ka hou' ana o liluwelo 'epekema.

Ka loaʻa o ka protoplasm

Kekahi mea nui e piʻi like ana o kaʻepekema ma keia wahi ua i ka loaʻa a me ka ano o ka protoplasm - he waiwai e hoopiha i ka halepaahao kino, aʻo keʻano o ka meakino no kona mall kino. Ma hope, ua Mamua a iki Hoʻololi 'hoʻohālikelike i ka palapala ike o ka protoplasm. I kēia lā, e like me ka halepaahao meakino kapaia ka cytoplasm.

hou ulu

chromosomes - mahalo i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o aeee i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka XIX discrete corpuscles na i loko o ka Kernel i ua weheia. Lākou like, loaʻa ka mea i kela a me keia? ueo mai i kekahi mau helu o chromosomes, i ka Kernel ua ua nui pili 'ole i loko o? aneii, alakai aku ai i ka loaʻa mai o ka aaiaoe ka hoʻomauʻana o ke kānāwai. I kekahi anu u ua e noiʻi i ke kūpono 'ana o ke cytology i kauoha kānāwai o aaiaoe hooilina. Ua nui loa na makana i loko o kēia wahi ua i'Aukekulia nä känaka 'epekema o ka weuweu XIX kenekulia Gregor Mendel.

Cytology - i mea i ke kālā no 'epekema?

Maoli, i ka ulu ana o oaoieei-uea a me ka 'epekema hoʻomanaʻo cytology hana ma ka waena o ka XX kenekulia kekahi o ka loa nui mau mea o liluwelo ike. e hoʻohana Hoikehonua, cytology epekema ma ka koho a me ka? aneii o hou laha 'o ka mea kanu i ka mea pono i kānaka, i ke ao o ka maʻi' aʻai, a uea e hana me ia, e ulu anaʻimi hoʻopunipuni nā loko, a no laila, ma luna o.