Description o ke ano o ka preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, (PGD): 'ano a me nā mea hoʻomaoe

preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, papa hana ua hoʻohana 'ia e Loiloi i ka ola o ka embryo loaa mua kona implantation i loko o ka uterine lua ma loko o lūmaua fertilization. Ka papa hana hana ia e hiki ole wale ke koho i kekahi olakino wā e hiki mai no ke kamaiki, akā, i hoomahuahua i ka manawa o ka hāpai keiki. Keʻano hana ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā Ho' Oponopono o ko ke ao nei, komo i loko o lūmaua fertilization.

General manaÿo

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, e leie aku no ka hulina ninaninau a me ka noho alii mai ke alo aku o ka chromosomal abnormalities i mau a kekahi i kekahi kekahi deviations. Nei, ma ka laua me ke kakahiaka nui nā'ōewe hewa lawe loiloi a e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hanana o ka hikoko ma adulthood (ovary, AeXIeAaOIePEAaI, umauma).

Ma ka hihia o ka lawe genomic maʻi maternal biopsy hanaia kekahi mau Polar hua keena i mua o ka impregnation. Ka mea i ho'ākāka 'ia kāu kiʻina hana i kekahi makemake i kakahiaka prenatalʻike, e leie aku e ao aku ia oukou i ka haʻahaʻa o ka hāpai keiki, ina ka fetus Emo ole, e i ka aaiaoe maʻi.

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, e leie aku e hooholo i ka ke keka o ke keiki mua i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka loiloi. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia e pale aku i ke kūpono' ana o nā anomalies ua hoʻopili i hoohanau.

Like ili aaiaoe maʻi

Hoomaopopo hereditary maʻi, kena ae la ia e ka Hoʻohaku, recessive a me ka X-ua hoʻopili type.

E kekahi mea loiloi?

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, (PGD) ua hana ia ma ke kēia hihia.

1. Ke alo aku o kekahi a me nā o na Leomakana o hereditary maʻi a me karyotype loli. hoa ia lakou iho i pinepine me ka ike ole i ko lakou mau pilikia a, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa - i loko o ka loiloi kaʻina.
2. A kohu pono miscarriage. Ka pilikia a me ka anomalies mea i ka hapa o ka makua (ʻaʻole ka mea, i e), a me ka fetal aaiaoe mutations i i abortions.
3. Makahiki o ka poe undergoing IVF polokalamu, oi ma mua o 38 makahiki.
4. Over 3 pomaikai ole oe ma ka lūmaua fertilization hoao ana i ka mōʻaukala.
5. Male infertility.
6. Haliu ae ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm ka pahu kui) i loko o fertilization polokalamu. Ke kaʻina Ua fraught me ka hooulu ana o aaiaoe abnormalities i loko o ka embryo.
7. Hihia o hydatidiform kameleona ma ka mōʻaukala.

hiʻona PGA

Research i loko o ke kula o ka preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, ka hōʻike i ka iaoiaeii i ka pono, e ola ana, e kōkua diagnose, a pale aku chromosomal abnormalities, nae, pono hou hou.

Features PGD e like penei:

• miscarriage uku no ka loiloi mea haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka poʻe me ia;
• ma ka manawa, aole he hoike i ka māhuahua manawa kūpono o ka lilo ana i hāpai;
• he mea i ka manawa kūpono o nā hualoaʻa wahahee: Noke embryo, a me ka hopena hōʻike deviations embryo maʻi a me ka noiʻi paipai ole ia (5-10% o ka hihia).

E mālama nei preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, (loiloi 'blastomeres)

Ma hope o ka 'aelike ma luna o ka loko o lūmaua fertilization reproductive'ōnaehana loiloi i ka pono no ka PGD hui. Inā loaʻa nō nāʻikepili hoa keʻae a hoole i ke kaʻina hana. Next e kakau i ka palapala e hookupaa aku ana i ka aeia mai ai e hooponopono i ke anamanaʻo.

Ma ke kolu o ka lā ma hope fertilization embryo geneticist i kekahi o ka mea ua loaʻa-blastomere keena no Ka Ikepili. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka fetus ua loaʻa i hookoia, no ka mea, a pau i interchangeable keena.

Ke hoʻomalu e lawelawe ai noiʻi ma kekahi o ka i koho wahi: i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka halepaahao' ole ma lalo o ka kūikawā kukui hāweo microscope, ka study o DNA ka hoʻohana polymerase kaula naoh e hooholo i ke alo o mutations.

Ma muli o ka hopena, na embryos me na anomalies e ole e hoʻohana i implantation. Koho ola a me ka mea e like ai. Next, kekahi o lakou, a oi e hoololiia i loko o ka lua o ka uterus makuwahine.

Inā Polar kino biopsy keia hookolokolo ana o chromosomes ia lŘlŘ makuwahine. Ana ua hana i loko o ka hihia o ka wahine laina hoike i ke alo o genetically, kena ae la lakou i na mai. Ke kaʻina hana e leie aku e ike ai i ko ola oocyte mea e e hoʻohana no ka fertilization me ka uhai ana i kona 'ole. Ināʻaʻohe anomalies e 'akomi i, ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana no ka fertilization, a hoolilo i loko o ka uterus.

Aia nā hihia ma ka loiloi o Polar kino, a laila, na blastomeres. Ua apono 'e loaa hou ike loea hualoaʻa. Noaia ma luna o ka mea e kekahi mea loiloi, e koho i ka hoʻomalu geneticist.

ki ina hana like i hoʻohana

Ka laulā a me ka mall abnormalities o chromosomes i manao e kukui hāweo hybridization. Kēia papa hana e leie aku oe, e hoakaka i ke kaʻina o ka halepaahao i ka DNA. E hoʻohana i kūikawā DNA probes, i mea structurally mea manuahi hiki o ka DNA blastomere cii.

I kaʻimi i ka nucleotide haku mele 'ana a me ka fluorophore (lātoma hiki o fluorescence). Ma hope o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ka pale DNA me ka DNAʻimi hoomalamalamaia mai la wale i kaʻai i hanaʻia i ka mea, nana aku la au ma lalo o ka fluorescence microscope.

Nō hoʻi, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke ano o PCR (polymerase kaula naoh). Ua mea e kope DNA māhele hoʻohana 'ana i nā'ūhū i loko o kekahi keʻena hoʻokolohua ana.

ʻike, o ka aneuploidy

'O kēia kekahi ano o ka preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, e leie aku, e kuhikuhi i ke alo o ka laulā chromosomal abnormalities (kuhikuhi keu paha nalowale chromosomes).

Ke aaiaoe lako e ninoieo o 46 chromosomes, ka hapalua o ka mea i haawi mai i ka makua kāne, a me ka 'ē aʻe hapa - ka makuahine. Inā ka embryo loaa he keu chromosome, ka mea, ua kapaia o trisomy, a me ka lilo ana o kekahi - monosomy. Mau mā ke alakai i ka hopena:

• ka nele o ka embryo implantation;
• noho'na makaainana i ulu abortion;
• hereditary pathology (Down ka maʻi pale, Klinefelter ka, Turner).

Male infertility a me ka makahiki o ka'ēpoda, i pono ole aʻe i loko o ka ulu ana o kēia mau abnormalities.

PGD monogenic pathologies

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, o embryos, e hooholo i ke alo o monogenic mai lawe i loko o nāʻohana a pau aaiaoe hoʻokumu i ke alo o anomalies. Inā Leomakana ua i ka hoʻi i hāʻawe me ka homogeneous maʻi, i ka manawa e loaʻa kekahi keiki i ka heluna maoli he mau manawa.

Ke kumu o ka haunaele o ka chromosome manaʻo kaʻina, i loko o ka DNA hapa. No ka mea, ua maʻi nā:

• cystic fibrosis;
• adrenogenital maʻi pale;
• phenylketonuria;
• hemophilia;
• pahikakiwi aeea anemia;
• Wernig-Hoffmann maʻi pale.

Pono pū nō ia a me ka pilikia o ka iaoiaeii

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, hōʻike manaʻo o ka mea i manaoia e e kekahi henua, he kekahi pono ma ka mahinaʻai o prenatal loiloi.

• hoololiia i loko o ka uterus o wale kiʻekiʻe-ka pono a me ka ola embryos;
• Ua ho'ēmi i kā ka pilikia o ka hanau ana o ke keiki me ka aaiaoe mā;
• hapalua ho'ēmi i kā ka pilikia o ka miscarriage;
• hapalua ho'ēmi i kā ka pilikia o ka lau;
• 10% wale o ka embryo implantation, piʻi pū;
• 20%, a mahuahua nui wale no ka i pakele hanau ana o ke keiki.

Ka pilikia o ka accidental poino i ka embryo ia PGA ka 1%. Ka pahiki o ka wahahee maikaʻi - 1:10 Oae, 3% o ka manawa kūpono i ka embryo me kekahi abnormality ua loiloi 'like ola.

Ka pahiki i ke ola i ke embryo e i ka hopena o ka haiahū kūmau - 1:10. Chance o 1: 5, i ka hoolilo ana o embryos i loko o ka uterine lua e e hōʻoki aku no ka abnormalities loaʻa i loko o kela a me keia o ia mau mea.

Contraindications

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, (PGD), i ka hopena o i ka embryo uaʻaʻole pono hōʻike ', i ka helu ana o contraindications i:

• embryo fragmentation o ka oi aku ma mua o 30% (kūmau o ke kahua o ke koena o ka mai i ka 25%);
• loaʻa nui o ka multicore blastomeres i loko o ka embryo;
• embryo i emi o 6 blastomeres i ke kolu o ka lā o ka? acaeoey.

maluhia hana

ʻike, ua i ma ka kakahiaka kahua o e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke kino, i ka wa a pau kona keena i pluripotent,ʻo ia hoʻi, o kela mea keia mea e hana i ka piha ola kino.

Allʻanuʻu lawe mai PGD ua i pili i ka embryo, fetus a me ka wā e hiki mai pēpē. Ma hope o ka hāpana no ka hoʻopaʻa i loaa, ka mea, ua hoʻomākaukauʻia i loko o ke kupaianaha alanui. Keena, ua kau ma luna o ke aniani kiʻiaka, ma i mea paa, a me ka aooa? Pāʻoihana.

Ke kumu o ke kaʻina hana

Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, i ka lilo o ka i loli aʻe mai ka 50 a hiki i 120 tausani rubles, ma mua kilohi, ia mea pipiʻi manipulation. Naʻe, i ke ola kino a me ka hana ana o ke keiki me ka genetically nānā 'abnormalities e loaʻa mea' ē aʻe.

Ke kaʻina hana i haawi i ka pomaikai a hiki i na wahine, ka poe i Ua hiki ke hapai i kekahi keiki maoli ai, no ka mea, ka poe hana pela me ka PalekanaEND_LINK iaoia mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa. Preimplantation aaiaoeʻike, a kuai mea scanty ma ka e like me ia ia iho i loko o lūmaua fertilization, o ka mea wale hou i ka nohona ma polokalamu, e leie ole wale, e lawe, a hanau, akā, no hoi e ulu i ka olakino pēpē.