He aha ka ke kūpenu iho ia i manawa

E noʻonoʻo pono, e like me ka noi e electrodynamics ia ia he kūpenu iho ia i manawa. Elementary kauoha nā moku halihali mokulele e kahe ana ma ka hapa pololei o ke alakaʻi mele'ōnaehana, he pololeiʻikena palapala. Alaila, he mea he kala pono o la uku oleʻikena (Owau no ia L, kahi aʻu - he waiwai, L - ka lōʻihi). I huli ai oe, o ka Ampere ka kānāwai e noonoo pono i elua lauaʻikena kauoha i L, hoʻolaha i ka infinity. I ka paʻa loop kona mau halves i ke alo o ana o ka olelo o ka pono, ho okumu i kaʻikena kūpenu iho ia i. Ka Hanu O kela mea keia mea o ka kūpenu iho ia i ke kahua ua loaʻa vortex, a ua wehewehe aku ma kona mau kūpenu iho ia i ka mea e pono aʻo i kaʻoihana p ÷ haku i ka pelane ma i ka contour ua waiho. Ua Ua kapaʻia ka kūpenu iho ia i manawa. Akā, no ka mea, ua i wale kaʻikena eiiiiiaiou kona hoomaopopo ana, alaila, e hele i ka electromagnetism, ua kapa okoa keia makahiki. Kekahi inoa - kaʻume mākenēki kūpenu iho ia i manawa (PM, i kekahi manawa m).

Ua ho kekahi o na ki hiʻona o kekahi waiwai. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka kūpenu iho ia i manawa aicieeaao aie i ka paialewa (like i loko o ka microcosm, a me ka macrosystems). Ma lalo o microcosm ma keia hihia pili'Ātoma: neʻe ana ma hoʻopoepoe orbits hoopii (electrons) hiki ke noʻonoʻo me ka uilaʻikena. Mai ka lako e ninoieo o kula haʻahaʻaa (particles), kela mea keia mea o ka i no hoi i kona mau momentum. Eʻoluʻolu, e hoailona oukou ia ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa (particles) pono e hoomaopopo ole wale na nā lātoma a me nā'ātoma, akā, i protons, neutrons, electrons, a hiki i liʻiliʻi eiiiiiaiou. Mai ka viewpoint o ka quantum mechanics o ka kūpenu iho ia iʻume mākenēki nui ku i ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i ÿole mechanical kuapo - milo. Naʻe, i kēia mea mahuʻi i nei ua increasingly ninau ma ka malamalama o ka hope kula-huna kumumanaʻo. No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua nui oluolu i ke ola ana o ka ai-kapaia anomalous kūpenu iho ia i kona waiwai i kekahi, mai ka i ka ho omaulia helu kaulike i loko o ka quantum kumumanaʻo. Akā, mai ka viewpoint kahua ma i kaʻume mākenēki kahua o kekahi kula haʻahaʻaa huna ia i ua loaʻa ka uku ole lawe milo kuapo, a me ka mea kekahi o ka ikaika eiiiiiaiou o ka electromagnetic a kula,'āno'ē kūpenu iho ia i hoopuni maopopo. Ka waiwai Ua hoakakaia me kekahi mau kau o ka quantum helu me ka? Iaea ke keʻena milo. Ke'ōlelo mai, no kaʻume mākenēki nui o ka neutron hoʻomakaʻia hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kona ikehu a me ka uilaʻikena e loli iki electromagnetic a ke kahua.

I ka helu ana kona mea no ka huakai kaapuni a ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke ano o ka integral hou o ka kūpenu iho ia i kekahi manawa, o ka mea haʻahaʻa he kūpenu iho ia i, e pili ana i ka paʻa hoʻopoepoe loop.

Kūpenu iho ia i manawa i loko o ka electrodynamics hoʻoholo 'ia e ka haʻilula:

Pm = S Owau no ia n,

kahi au - i ka waiwai o ka mea e kahe anaʻikena; S - paʻa loop āpana (hoʻopoepoe); N - maʻi lele kauoha p ÷ haku i ka pelane ma i ka loop ka moana. Oiai ka luna haʻilula 'Aʻole e hōʻike, PM nui me maʻi lele o kona ao ao hiki e hooponoponoia ia mea, ma ka ike uila panina rula manamananui o ('ākau-lima hoʻohewa): ina ka kaʻapuni hoʻohewa ka mana ae like me ka olelo o kaʻikena pele, i ka hoʻohewa noi o ke kino coincide me ka maʻi lele makemake.

Ka uila kahua o ka kūpenu iho ia i mea okoa, mai ka wahi kauoha kahua, mua o nā mea a pau, i ka hoʻonohonohoʻia o ke kula laina. Mai, mai ka oiai ua ike mai o ke kālaikūlohea ano like kūpenu iho ia i mea 'O ke kaulike nenoaiie o nā uila' āhewa 'ana, i mea e like ai i na modules, a me ka mea ku pono polarity (+ a -), ka laina AYEIE o hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻomaka' ana o ka uku ole, a ma ka kekahi hopena. Ma ka hihia o kekahi wale wahi o ka uku ole lawe laina diverge ma luna o nā mea a pauʻaoʻao, e like me ka ÷ pu u kukui.