He aha maoli nō e aʻo mai Peter pa?

Kekahi mau makahiki aku nei, o ka psychologist Rosalind Ridley Nānā hope he hoa'ōkupe nō lākou ma luna o "Bay o Peter pa" ma James Matthew Barrie. Heluhelu Fabulous Hawaii o Petero, Rosalind Ridley ike ia mau moʻolelo iʻaʻole pono nā keiki i ka moʻolelo e pili ana i fairies a kamailio holoholona: ma lalo o ka uhi o ka Hawaii o Peter Pena Barri hūnā unusually hohonu ka naauao o ke kanaka ike, o ka lolo a me kona ulu ana i loko o kamaliʻi.

'O kēia ka mea kupaianaha moʻolelo o pehea mākou a pau aʻo i ka manaʻo. No laila, i'ōlelo mai i ka moʻolelo e pili ana i na Hawaii o ke keiki ka poe i makemake ole e ulu mai?

like

Rosalind Ridley paʻi he kupaianaha hou study ma muli o penetrating loina e pili ana i Barry kanaka ike paka, noʻonoʻoloi, Kawaipunahele, moe, a me nā moeʻuhane.

Ridley hoʻopaʻapaʻa i na mea he nui o ka Hawaii o Peter wahi a hiki i ka 'epekema theories iʻikeʻia wale nō makahiki ma hope o ka puke o ka moʻolelo.

moʻolelo

Barry i ho'ākāka 'ia ma mua e Peter pa ia ia i ua no he keiki, no ke aha nā moʻolelo e pili ana i na Hawaii o Petero noonoo i ka nui helu o mawaho ololi i mea, no ka mea, i nui makahiki mua ikea o ka moʻolelo a me ka i shape.

Ke ano muaʻikeʻia i loko o 1902 i loko o ka puke Barry "Tommy a me Grisel", hope i na keiki o ka puke "White manu" ikea mai la i kekahi keiki, o Petero, ka mea i ole maoli makemake e ulu mai. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o Peter pā lilo i ka hula "Peter ipu", kau ma luna o ke kahua ma ka 1904. Nānā 'ana i ka hula ma Barry kakau iho la oia i kekahi moʻolelo i kapaia o "Peter a me Wendy", a ma ia aina i ka 1911.

hopena

I loko o kēia wā, Barry i mua pono ike mea kākau, kaʻapuni i akamai pilina koʻikoʻi a hanohano. Kēia palapala 'ae' Barry, e kokoke ana i kekahi o nā alakaʻi o na kii o ka moʻokalaleo, oe a me ka 'epekema.

Novelist Genri Dzheyms, he Contemporary o Barry, hoʻolauna aku la ia ia i kona hoahanau William James - American psychologist, ua hookoaiaʻe e kona eiiiaaoeiiiue kokoke loa i kahi. Keia hoalauna, paha i mālama like momona ka lepo no ka mahi ana i luna 'manaʻo e pili ana i ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka ike paka i a me ka hiamoe.

Science a me na keiki ka moʻokalaleo

Ke'ī mai, i ka Hawaii o Peter pā mau ka mooolelo o ka hana hoihoi moʻokalaleo XIX-XX kenekulia - he ano o ka läÿau, o ka 'epekema a me ka akamai, o ka oi aku i na kamalii o ka moʻokalaleo.

Charlz Kingsli, mea kākau o ka "Children o ka wai", kakau iho la oia i kona mau mea a pau ma lalo o ka aoao o ko Darwin ka kumumanaʻo o evolution, oiai "Alice ma Wonderland" oia hoi ka mea nui ao o ka makemakika a me ke kūpili. ʻO kekahi Hans Christian Andersen ua hooeueuia hou iao? Iiaie oaoieei Aey? Acaeoey, e like me ka hana i microscope hana mea hou i hana muaʻole.

Ridley maka mai i Barry oia hoi ole wale "e noi" manao o kekahi poe, akā, pū me ka nui loa Hoʻonui i ka pono kā lākou mau mōhai i kona iho, i loko o-hohonu ka naauao. Nui o ka hanana kiʻi o kanaka ike paka i na poe i loko o ka moʻolelo e pili ana i Peter pa pulehu, ua nānā 'ana ma luna kālai'āina kilo Barry no kanaka, holoholona, a ia ia iho.

Hiamoe a me ka paʻa

mai kekahi wale, e nānā i kekahi o na, e hoohuli mua i loko o ka Hawaii o Petero a me Wendy, "Mrs. Darling I lohe mua o Petero ia ia i loko o mea i ka manaʻo o ko lākou mau keiki. Kēia nightly hana mau ana o na makuahine maikai. Koke ma hope o nā mamo haule hiamoe ana, e waiho i na mea ma ka mea i loko o kā lākou restless lakou hoomaopopo ana i kakahiaka na mea a pau i loko o kona wahi. Ke keiki kāhea aku i loko o ke kakahiaka, a me nā mea a pau i kona mau manao ino a me ka naʻaupōʻia piha a ua hūnāʻia ma kahi hohonu, oiai pololei, maikai na manao, a me ka hao a me ka straightened, moe i akaka maka. "

Rosalind Ridley maka mai i keia e hooholo ia wahi aku me ka hōʻike i ka pilina o ka hiamoe, a me ka hana iaiyoe.

Muaʻikeʻia i loko o ka hopena o XIX kenekulia, ua manao ka manawa o ka mea ana i na mea he nui-iao? Haʻawina. lolo scan NineManga.com oiai e hiamoe ana hōʻike i ka neʻeʻana o "na mea nalu" o ka uila no lepa ma waena o ka hippocampus - he māhele'āina hoʻomau ana ma ka hoomanao ana ho okumu, a me ka mea hou cortex paha neocortex, a hoi kuleana no ka lōʻihi-makahiki iaiyoe.

Ma ka hiamoe, ka lolo keʻano o ka hanaʻana Kawaipunahele, me ina hili he hou ka hoao ana i loaa i ka lā, a me ka mea mua. Mākou ke i aku nei au i ia mea he moe uhane, e hana i kekahi kiʻi kaʻina o nā hanana i e i kekahi kanaka ka ola.

E like me ka Mrs. Darling lākou ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lalo o ka pahu childish oʻApelila ia, i kēia kaʻina i ka laʻi kaʻawaʻawa loa ka waiʻona ma ke a me ka hoao ana i loaa ma ka mumulu mai lā. Ua kōkua mai i ka 'ike stress. 'Aʻole surprisingly, hiamoe kāna hana hoʻomalu pinepine me ka noʻonoʻo, nā kīnānā hou pili.

Gipnagogiya

Eia hou, i ka Fabulous Hawaii o Peter, a Vendi Barri ke aloha i hōʻike akula iā waena moku'āina ma waena o e moe mai ana me Pa.

Ka hapa nui o na Hawaii o na protagonists i wahi ma Neverland - ma ka fantastic mokupuni no i na keiki i ke hiki wale ma ke kumu o ka manaʻo, a me ia mea i ka easiest e kahu ai i loko o ka pōkole wā ma waena o moe a me ka ana.

O ka poe hana i nā kiʻi mai ka unconscious ia mākou nō ma luna o ka maka o ka hiamoe, e ike ia "hypnagogic hallucinations", a me ka mea mau i ka hopena o ka pahikaua e hoea ma ka ha awina ma ka lolo wahi kuleana no ka visualization o ka 'ikepili i loaa mai, mai ka sensory nā loko. Loa pinepine, i kēia mau kiʻi i pilikia makapō, akā, hiki e tactile a me ka auditory.

Barry iho ua waiho wale aku no Pule Hoola lōlō - ka Pa moku'āina, e hele mai ana ma hope koke ka hiamoe, i ka i, akā naʻe, kanaka hiki ole hoʻoneʻe no kekahi manawa. Barry pinepine hōʻike kaʻawaʻawa loa, hana kaumaha alo kńnaka shapeless nuipa a.

Complex manaʻo keʻano o ka hanaʻana

Ma ka scientific ao nei, i hana Barry wā i loko o kekahi o ka loa a me ka hana nui pīhoihoi au mai o ka hoopaapaa ana. He aha ka okoa ma waena o ka manaʻo o ke kanaka, mai ka holoholona manao? He aha ka ano mākou noʻonoʻo o kau mai ma luna o ka evolution, a pehea kēia mau 'ano i ua ulu?

'Aʻole surprisingly, e lewa mau aʻe i loko o ka Hawaii o Peter pa.

Barry hoao mai ana e pane i kēia mau nīnau Hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka puke ma ka 1906, "Peter pā i loko o Kensington Gardens", a hōʻike akula iā ia i ke ola ana o Peter, ma mua o kona halawai Wendy.

Aia mākou i hoʻolauna i ke ano o Solomona - he unusually akamai manu koraka lā. Haʻalele nā holoholona,ʻo Solomona hiki i ka manaʻo no ka wā e hiki mai, zagotavlivaya eke o ke ola - kukui, hunahuna ai a me crusts o ka berena, heʻano o "ke anuenue lā". He He 'ano huikau noʻonoʻo kaʻina, no ka mea, ka mea pono no ka hoolohe ana o Hōʻuluʻulu nā mea e hiki wale mai, wehe' ia mai i ka makana.

Ke hookaawale iwaena o Solomona, a me ka manu e hiki iaʻu ke wehewehe pono aku iʻikeʻia ma ka wā ia o Petero ninau mai la ia ia, e kōkua i ke kūkulu i ka moku i 'Aʻole hiki ke holo ma ka moanawai. Solomon koke ka hoʻomaopopo 'ana o ka moku hiki ke hoʻohana i ke kau, haukaʻe me ka lepo, no laila, i ka mea, aole i liu ka wai. Other manu i Puzzle: hiki ole ka mea, ke manao ia he hana ana o ka punana.

People a me na holoholona

Pela, ke ike i ka hiki i ka manaʻo e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai enriches mākou hana, ka ho'āʻana mai e e oi makakū a me ka'ōlewa e ke hakuloli koke aku i ka hou ana.

Ma keia nona iho no ka lōʻihi manawa ua wahi wale nō i ka poʻe mea manaoio aku ia i na keiki wā ma kahi'ē. Eia naʻe, i loko o nā haʻawina ka mea, ua ike ia i kaulana mau nā mea hiki i kekahi holoholona - primates a, oddly lawa, nā lālā o ka genus Corvus, i ka mea, o ka manu koraka.

Once hou, Barry ka manaʻo i mua o ko lākou manawa.

keiki ka manao

Kekahi hana hoihoi 'oiaio o ia ke keiki e hoole i ka ulu mai, o Petero ua' Imi kaua ana me na nā mākau a me nā mea hiki o ka lolo i maopopo makua.

Ua kokoke mai ihola ia wiwoʻole a me ka paulele aku i loko o ka mea i make - o kekahi hoike ia. Nā Emotions mea i hoike mai, ua nui loa na mea, akā, e makau, oi loa ka makau o ka ike wā e hiki mai - o ka luna 'loka, i koi' he nui na lilo o ka ikaika a me ka komo o kekahi lolo wahi.

Eia hou, o Petero mea hiki ole ke ike i ka mea nui okoa mai kona iho kekahi o ka wahi o ka Hawaii, aʻaʻole e hewa. A pau i kēia mau mākau a me ka manao keʻano o ka hanaʻana pili me ia, he mau kanaka i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka ulu mai, a no ka mea, Peter aole e ulu mai, la oia i nele i kekahi "makua" Hawaiʻi.