Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia. Na kanaka o Rusia, i hooiaio i Hoʻomana Buda

Haipule wa o ka Russian Hui mea he like. ? Iaeoe? He nui loa wahi a me ka hui ana ma lalo o kona pili aupuni mana o ka nui nā lāhui kanaka a me ka lāhui i nā pūʻulu, i ke aupuni o ka kahi o ua nui na mooolelo a me ka hoomana ana o ka hikina a me ke komohana, ma ka akau a me ka hema. Kristiano, a Hoʻomana Mohameka - ke mau ao lakou hoomana ana, he pono ole i loko o kā mākou moku'āina. Pu me ia, a me ke kolu o ka ua poe, a ua hooia ia e na lahuikanaka he nui o Rusia - Hoʻomana Buda. About kahi keia hoomana mea prevalent i loko o ko mākou'āina, a mākou e'ōlelo hou aku.

Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia

Hoʻomana Buda - He hanana hoʻomana,ʻaʻole e like kekahi'ē aʻe. Loko o ka kela Buddhist kula a me nā paialewa ĸokoĸa ana nä pane no hoi nui. Kona Kinohi Ua koi i ka haipule ano akamai o Inia, ma o kona maoli Hoʻomana Buda lilo kona kaumaha. I keia la, ke kahiko aina i hooiaio i Hoʻomana Buda, i Korea, Japan, China, Nepal, a me na mea e ae, i waena o i ku mai Tibet. I ka lā, Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia ua poe i aneane pau loa ka nui Buddhist denominations. Iwaena o lakou, ua nui na kula o Mahayana, Vajrayana, Theravada, Zen, Chan, a he nui nā hana kuʻuna a me ka ole loa ē aʻe. Naʻe, i ka hapanui o kanaka ke kuʻuna Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia, e adherents o Kipeka haipule moolelo.

Buddhist Lūkini Ethnography

Mākou e kaumaha aku i ka pane i ka ninau: He aha Russian Buddhist lāhui kanaka i keia la?

Manawa i pili aupuni hanana a me intercultural hui 'ana, Hoʻomana Buda mua i aa no lakou, i waena o ka Kalmyks a me Tuvan. A i loko o ka XVI kenekulia, ka wā o ka mokuna o kēia mau republics a me na kanaka e noho ia he mau lala o ka Mongolian moku'āina Altan Khan. A kenekulia hope, Hoʻomana Buda i hoʻolauna i Buryatia, kahi ona e waiho ana hoʻokūkū ana me ka hana kuʻuna hoomana o ka Siberian nomads - shamanism, a ano e ae paha tengrizmom.

Hoʻomana Buda ma Buryatia

Buryatia - repubalika o Rusia kona mokuna e hoʻomaka ana, mai ka hikina kahakai o Lake Baikal. He pili i ka Russian aupuni a pau, ka mea, ua hoʻopale i Russification a me Christianization käpae '. Ma ka kekahi lima, i ka pau ana moʻomeheu, kalepa a me ka mau ano laulea me Mongolia, a ma ia me Tibet, i mea mahaloia i waena o ka Buryat Buddhist aʻo. Ka mua pohaku datsansʻaneʻi i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka XVIII kenekulia.

'Oiai i waena o Buddhist kanaka Buryats - ka hope, ka poe i ka hoomana, i kēia lā ka mea, ho i ka Buddhist oo, a ho i Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia. Buryatia o ka hoʻomalu konu o Russian Hoʻomana Buda - Buddhist Traditional Sangha o Rusia, e like me ka papa kuhikuhiE na luakini a me ka wahi o ka hoomana. Poʻokela i waena o kēia mau mea Ivilginski luakini - i ka noho ana o Bandido Hambo Lama - ka uhane alakaʻi o kekahi hapa nui o Russian Buddhists.

A me ka Hoʻomana Buda, i waena o ka Buryat kekahi 'ano, he pono ole o ka hana kuʻuna shamanism, a no laila, i kapaʻia-Chernaya Vera.

Hoʻomana Buda ma Tuva

Tuva, he repubalika, a i aponoia ma ka Lūkini i ka hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia, ʻo ia i ka 1911. Tuva i keia la hōʻoia aku i ka ia palapala e like me ka olelo i ka Buryats - ka Mahayana mooolelo o Kipeka Hoʻomana Buda. Naʻe, ka mea, ua i mau: ka mua-oaio? A o Buddhist ao,ʻano nui i loko o ka palapala o Hinayana, ma ka mokuna o Tuva,ʻikeʻia i loko o ka II kenekulia BC, iloko o ka Turkic khanate. Hope Tuvan ohana, he Uighurs hoolohe i hoopakeleia aina o Tuva Turki. Uighurs hooia ana i ka Manichaean hoomana, nae, ua hoano e ka aoao o Hoʻomana Buda. Ulu palapala, hoomaka ae la Uyghur naʻauao e 'Imi unuhi Buddhist hāʻina o nā haʻawina, mai Pākē a me ka Sogdian' ōlelo. Over manawa, na mea kuhikuhi nei,ʻeleu ma ka Kipeka hoonoho, a hoʻoholo i ka hou dominance o Kipeka moolelo. Kēia au i ka ikaika i loko o ka XIII kenekulia, i ka aoao o ka Mongolian na kumu i hoohana Buddhist mooolelo o Kipeka Lama.

Ua kūkuluʻia ka mua monasteries ma Tuva i ka 1772 a me ka 1773, kekahi me kekahi. ʻOiai ka Buddhist kaiāulu o Tuva pili kēia hanohano malaila a hiki i ka laina o ka Gelug, holoholo i ka monastic clergy, i nā kuʻuna Hawaiʻi'āponoʻia mare Lama Institute, i mea kona hanana hiʻona. Like i loko o Buryatia, Tuva i hoomana kai e māheleʻia i loko o nā wahi hoʻomoana, - shamanists a Buddhists.

Hoʻomana Buda ma Kalmykia

Kalmykia o ka mea wale 'Eulopa māhele' āina me ka predominance o ka Buddhist heluna. I kekahi hereditary Western Mongolian ohana Kalmyk moʻokūʻauhau hele hoʻi iā Oirats, e hui i ka mea pohihihi o ka Buddhist hoomana i loko o ka XIII kenekulia i ke aloha a hiki i ke komoʻana i loko o ke aupuni a pau o Genghis Khan. Naʻe, i kēia manawa, Hoʻomana Buda i ka wale hoomana o ka kālai'āina waiwai Oirats. Ke popularization o ke ao ana i waena o ka mea e like me ka heluna kanaka ia lŘlŘ wale nō i loko o XVI-XVII kenekulia. A, e like me ia ma ka hihia o Buryatia a me Tuva, Kalmyk Hoʻomana Buda i paʻa i ka hoomana mooolelo Kipeka. No keia pilina ma waena o Tibet a me Kalmykia hooikaika ma hope o nā wahi i loko o ke kakahiaka XVII kenekulia Oirat keiki degeneration o ka Apana Dalai Lama.

I ka laha ana o Hoʻomana Buda i waena o Oirats kōkua ai i nā ma ka paa ana o ke kaawale lāhui Kalmyk. Ka 'ole o ka hope nā Oirat ohana, apo mai la Hoʻomana Buda, a noho i ke komohana i loko o ka Lūkini moku'āina. I ka Ia manawa, nae i ka Lūkini Auguseto, Kalmyks hoʻokumuʻia kona mau'ōnaehana - Kalmyk Khanate. Ka hope ana a hiki i 1771, ka wā o ka paa ana o Empress Ana II, i hoopauia. I ka wā e hiki mai, ka Kalmyk Hoʻomana Buda ulu, loaa na kāna moʻolelo ka a, e like me ka Buryat a me Tuva Sangha alakai i ka haipule paio me ka shamanism.

Hoʻomana Buda i loko o ka USSR

Ma hope o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana o Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia noho ia malalo iho a hiki i ka laila-kaila ka uhane LIKE - renovationism. Hoʻololi kemikala o dharma a me Marxism i manao e ana aʻei ka Buddhist kaiāulu. E like me ka hapa o keia neʻeʻana i loko o Moscow i 20-ies. Pela hoi, aole e paa ana ia i ka All-Russian Buddhist Aha. Akā, laila, i ka 'aoʻao o ka pili hoʻololi, a me ka pili i ka hoomana i ka hoʻolālā hoomaka nuipa a repression. Monasteries ua paʻa, i luku ai i na luakini, a me nā clergy hoomaau. A hiki i ke kia-kaua "thaw" na kanaka o Rusia, i hooiaio i Hoʻomana Buda, ua nalowale oi aku 150 monasteries. Ma Buryatia mai 15,000 Lama i 1948 ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 600 kanaka i koe. Me ka pili ana i Tuva a me Kalmykia, laila nā wahi, ua kekahi mau kakini wale pakele o clergy mai 8000.

Na kanaka o Rusia i hana Hoʻomana Buda i keia la

Mua Perestroika Buddhist kino coordinating na hana o Buddhist a papa hana, CBB i ka Soviet Union (Central ka uhane noho kia'āina o ka Buddhists o ka USSR). I ke kakahiaka nui 90s ia i Kapa hou i ka CBB Rusia. Ano, ua kapaia keia kino o ka Buddhist Traditional Sangha o Rusia, a mai nā 'i loko o kona wale nô ka Buddhist kaiāulu o Buryatia. Haipule ahahui Tuva a me Kalmykia noho kuokoa. Eia naʻe, BTSR mana ma Buryatia a me kahi eʻike i nā mea a pau. E like me ka hopena o ka pili aupuni a me ka ideological oko Buddhist Society Ua undergone i ka moʻo o ka mahaeʻana, a heʻokoʻa ka papa kuhikuhiE ahahui loaʻa kekahi mau kūʻokoʻa ahahui, a kuokoa nā kaiāulu.

Ma kekahi hihia, Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia ua poe, e like me ma mua, o ka nui wahi ekolu - Buryatia, Tuva a me Kalmykia.

Other Buddhist nā kaiāulu i loko o Rusia

Traditional kanaka o Rusia, Buddhists i keia la e ole wale lama o Buddhist moʻomeheu a me ka mooolelo. Nei, he hoomana nui popularized i loko o ka wā'ōpiopio, a me ka intelligentsia. I nui na kulanakauhale e hoʻomau i ka wehe i na haipule-oaio? A. Mawaena o lakou, ma ka hou i kuʻuna kula o Kipeka Hoʻomana Buda, he mau oihana o ka Korean, Pākē a me ka Japanese Zen Hoʻomana Buda, Theravada a me Dzogchen. Rusia i loko o ka mau makahiki i hala iho nei, kipa nui ka uhane na kumu. I huli, mākou compatriots ua i na elele o ka Buddhist mōneka a me clergy.

ka hopena

Fashion o Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia mea i kū hoʻokahi, a ma keia ano, ko kakou aupuni puu o ka hoʻomaopopo like 'Eulopa kaʻume o ka hikina. Pinepine, kūʻai i ka mea, wahi lulu buddofiliya nalowale i loko o kbps, i mea fraught me ka hohola 'ilikai, marginal Lolina o Hoʻomana Buda ma Rusia.

I ka Ia manawa, Hoʻomana Buda - he hoomana i loko o Rusia Ua like kahiko me Kristiano a me Hoʻomana Mohameka. Nolaila, kona kūlana a me ka wā e hiki mai kuanaʻike o ka nui no ka holomua 'ana o ka moʻomeheu Lūkini.