I ka moolelo o ka poem "12" ma Alexander Blok

I ka moolelo o ka poem "12" kaili kona helu mai kekahi February lā, a lilo iho la ia i ka popoiwi wahi no ka hopena o Rusia. A i 'ole paha oia mamua - mahope mai o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni pūʻulu Petra Verhovenskogo o "Devils" a me ke kaulana Pushkin "ma nā wahi e pili ana o ka autocracy ...". Ka mea a ka mea, ua, no ka Bloc hanaia'na hiki ke hoohalikeia me kekahi chronicle o ia mau manawa - me ka maka ma luna o ka symbolist "He umikumamalua" ka loa mamao mai kekahi Pahuhopu noʻonoʻo o nā hanana.

"Ka Intelligentsia, a me kaʻOiʻenehana"

Unit Ua destined e lilo i mea hōʻike no nā hanana hoʻokahuli aupuni o 1917-1918, a i wahi ma Petrograd, anu a me ka deprivation o nā mea a pau i ka mea i lawe. No laila,ʻo ka haku mele i hookahi hopu ia e ka mea hou aupuni - i ka lā i kaumaha pīhoihoi lākou eʻike Alexander. I ka Ia manawaʻo ia i ole emigrate a hiki ho'āʻo lākou mau hana, e hui i ka hoʻokahuli aupuni ke ola. Ua 'ae' o ka noiʻi a hiki i na makahiki hope o ka haku mele manao me he staunch kākoʻo iā ia, no kaʻOiʻenehana.

Eia naʻe, e like me ka hoakaka maopopo he iki flawed, ina mākou e lohe ai i ka 'atikala kal "Intelligentsia a me kaʻOiʻenehana," i kākau' ia ma 1918. Akä naÿe i ka "umikumamalua", i haʻalele unclarified ke heluia, e oiaio o ka Bloc i ka mea e hanaia, journalism hoopuehuiaʻi a pau i na mea pohihihi lehulehu. Ae, ke pa alima hookipa mai i ke kipi, akā, me ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole' oluʻolu loiloi, e noonoo pono i nā hanana o ia mau manawa e like me ke kumu hoʻohālike i ua ia e hoomanawanui ai.

"Ka halulu weliweli, e hoea mai ana mai iaʻu, a puni"

Ka holoʻokoʻa moolelo o ka hanaia'na o ka poem "12" kal mea he pua kiele o unnumbered a lahilahi mea i piha ai i ka wā e hiki mai masterpiece i ka hope o ka malama. I ka hana a ua kākau i loko o ka hookahi hanu, ka wā hele wale i ka makahiki ma hope o ka FebruaryʻOiʻenehana. I na olelo a ka Bloc, ka mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na o ka poem "12 ¶" hoomaka me ka hopuna'ōlelo "Oh, au i ka pahi koa!" I loaʻa ka noiʻi i initially palapala iho la i ka lua o ka mokuna, ma hope o ka mea i hele mai i ka malamalama i ka ono, hiku, walu, ua pono, ka chord hope i ka weliweli o Iesu Kristo.

Ole ia deciphering i ka mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na o ka poem "12" kal nana kāpili. Inā i ka inoa o ka huina hoonui, e kauoha ana i ka hui ana me na lunaolelo, ua mua, alaila, o Iesu 'helehelena i kekahi noho'na makaainana i ulu olelo hooholo. 'Ikamu haku mele o Pepeluali 1918 hooia ia a hiki i keia: no ka Ahahui Euanelio kiʻi fancied ālai' i loko o ka blizzard. Looks loa pohihihi i hoʻopuka Nolaila, o ka mua kaha kiʻi o "Ka umikumamalua" Yuri Annenkov: "Inā mai ka luna hema kihi o" ka pepehi kanaka o Katka "wafted mānoanoa hau, a ma ia - Kristo - mea makemake ia i ka hulina uhi."

"I keia la wau i kekahi ano akamai"

... no laila, aeie ia i ka hopena o ka hana ma luna o kona mau hana. Akā, hana i ka mōʻaukala o ka poem "12 ¶" ma keia hopena? 'Aʻole i pau. Ma March 1918 i ka haku mele ka hanaia'na i ka malamalama, ua mua paiia ma ka nūpepa "Ka Banner o na Hana Lima," a laila, hele mai e like me ke kaʻawale puke.

I loko nō o ka mea i a laila no ka hanauna o Soviet schoolchildren "He umikumamalua" (Blok poem), kona mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na, i nā kiʻi a me ka moʻolelo i koi 'ia e hoʻopaʻanaʻau, ka Bolsheviks initially ia ia me ka hoʻohuoiʻia. Apparently, i kekahi mea i loko o ka hanaia'na o ka Classic kala, Makahiki, ua koho koke malihini, ināʻaʻole ee-hoʻokahuli aupuni māhunehune.

"Au e hookauwa aku i ka Antichrist?"

Eia naʻe,ʻo ka loa makaala lakou a me kaʻenemi e pili ana i ka poem o ka poeikohoia o ka Soviet aupuni i i hele ai i kekahi e like me ka hōʻike 'ano o ka intelligentsia "kahiko". No laila, Gumilyov pono aku la i ka haku mele dosochinil pau i ka euanelio, i ka "malama aku i ke kumu o ka Antichrist." Haku mele hai aku i ka mea kumakaia, a Kolchak i ke kamailio ana me Vyacheslav Ivanov, ina paha ma ka jest, ina seriously i manaoia, e kau i ka mokuna, ka wā e hoʻi i ka poʻe hao wale keʻokeʻo i ka mana (aole nae o ka pololei o ka hope oiaio mea debatable). Mākou iʻike i ka hoole Akhmatova e komo 'ana i loko o ka palapala, ai ahiahi, ina he ua e hele ana i ka heluhelu i ka poem Blok. Ma ke ala, i ka haku mele iā ia iho kākaʻikahi i olelo mai ai me ka heluhelu ana i "Ka umikumamalua". Keia epa a me kana wahine - ka loa pōʻino, mea e ke kaulana.

Ke ironic mea mea ...

Oia ikaika hopena maikaʻi hōʻike manaʻo, mai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni e maopopo: "He umikumamalua," Blok poem, i ka moʻolelo o ka hanaia'na o ke kanaka hou a me ka moku'āina ma ke kahua o ka mea kahiko Rusia, i kapaʻia ka intelligentsia loa hopu. Part o nā haku o nā mea noʻeau 'aoʻao o ua nō i koe ma kaʻaoʻao o ka haku mele, a ho'āʻo i ka haawi aku i kona hoomaopopo ana iho o kona hanaia'na. No laila, Viktor Shklovsky, kekahi o ka mea mua, e hai i ka peculiarity o ke kaila hanaia Bloc, e kuhikuhi ana ia i ka aoao o ka mea kaulana Lūkini mea hoolea Savoyarova mau manawa. Ma keia hiʻona, ma ke ala, a me i Bunin - albeit i loko o ka io pōʻaiapili, e kahea ana i ka hana o ka haku mele kaʻena.

I ka moolelo o ka poem "12" Ua ukali pūʻia grandiose hanana, a koke la i mea ole. Ma hope o ka kipi, o ka leo no ka Bloc hele mai ka ominous mumule. He aneane i ole palapala poem, he nui o kona mau manaʻo i koe Kekūhaupiʻo. I ka make ana o ka makakū kūpono i loko o ka make ana o ke kino ai: i ka haku mele i i ola i ka makahiki 1921. Lono i mea e delirious ma mua o kona make ana, ua makemake, pela no ka mea, ua ma luna o ke ahi o kona papa kuhikuhiE hanaia'na - ka poem "12". History o ka honua, pokole ua kālailai i loko o kēia 'atikala, a me ka oluolu o ka Bloc e pili ana i ka hana ma o ka hana ana i kekahi mau hoopohala aku la i keia mea. Like pono me nā kānāwai o ka haku mele e pakele ai i ka honua maikaʻi aʻe.