Inhibition o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana: ano,ʻano papa hana cia

Hooponopono o neural ha awina o ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka excitation a me inhibition i loko o ka CNS. Initially, eia kahi mea akaka me he kula haʻahaʻaa naoh i ka stimulus. Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka evolution i kekahi complication o neuroendocrine oihana, e alakai ana i ke kahua o ke kumu nui loa o ke ko mākou hopohopo a me ka endocrine nenoai. Ma keia 'atikala mākou e nānā i kekahi o na kumu nui keʻano o ka hanaʻana - inhibition i loko o ka CNS, na ano a me maomeka o kona manaʻo.

Ko mākou hopohopo'aʻaʻa, kona 'ole a me ka ho'āʻo

Kekahi? Ueo o ka holoholona nā'aʻaʻa, kapaʻia nā aʻalolo mea kūikawā 'ole e hoʻolako nā ka excitation kaʻina hana, a ho'ā' ia paha i ka ke peleki pāʻana hana i loko o ka CNS. Nā aʻalolo keena komo ana o ke kino a me ka appendages: pōkole (dendrites) a me ka lōʻihi (axon), a ua hoakaka no ka EYI o nā aʻalolo impulses mai kekahi i kekahi neurocyte. I ka pau ana o ka axon o nā aʻalolo aeea hui 'ana me nā dendrites o ka mea e hiki mai ana neurocyte ma ka wahi i kapaia o synapses. Lakou hōʻoia 'ia ai ka bioelectric impulses ma nā aʻalolo'aʻaʻa. Ma ke aha ka excitation mau höʻike i kekahi ala e hiki aku - mai ka axon a hiki i ke kino a me dendrites o kekahi neurocyte.

Kekahi waho paha, koe excitation e kahe ana i loko o nā aʻalolo'aʻaʻa, - inhibition i loko o ka CNS. He ke kino i ka pane i ka stimulus alakai ana i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana a piha cessation o Hawaii a me secretory haʻawina, i komo ai centrifugal neurons. Ke peleki pāʻana i loko o ko mākou hopohopo'aʻaʻa ke'ākoʻakoʻa me ka mua excitation, akā, ma lalo o ka aoao o ke peleki pāʻana o ka uwao, e like me Gaba wale. He mea kekahi o na kumu nui transmitters o ke peleki pāʻana. Oe ke i kapa i kēia waiwai like glycine. Kēia'aminoʻakika ua limahana ma ka 'ō inhibitory keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a stimulates ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā lātoma ma synapses gammaaminomaslyannoyʻakika.

I. M. Sechenov a me kāna hana i loko o neurophysiology

Koʻikoʻi Lūkini nä känaka 'epekema, Mea Hana i o ka pähola' ana o ka reflex ha awina o ka lolo hōʻike i ke alo i loko o ka Central māhele o ka'emi ko oihana o kūikawā pono a pau o ke keena hiki ke inactivating bioelectric keʻano o ka hanaʻana. I wehe 'wawahi iho la-oaio? Ia i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana ua i hiki ma ka hoʻohana' ana o I. Sechenov ekolu ano o ia mea. Mau nāʻoki pauku o ka wauke i loko o kekahi mau wahi o ka lolo, stimulation o kanaka loci oho mea e kino ai 'ole Nine Inch aʻe (electrocution, paʻakai koloriside) me pono me ke ano o ka excitation o physiological lolo-oaio? A. I. M. Sechenov ua he experimenter nui, ae hana iʻoi loa-kūlike loaʻoki i loko o ka wahi ma waena o ka thalami a me ka pono ma ka thalamus o ka rana. He nānā i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana a me ka piha cessation o Hawaii hanana hulina o ka holoholona i ka lala.

No laila, neurophysiologist wehe i ka kūikawāʻano o neural keʻano o ka hanaʻana - inhibition i loko o ka CNS. Ano a me maomeka o kona ho okumu, ke kūkākūkā i oi au mamuli o ka hahai pauku, a me ka manawa koke hou saktsentiruem hoʻolohe i kēia mea: i na oihana, e like me ka medulla oblongata, a me ka thalamic Aia paena i kapaʻia ka wawahi iho la, a "Sechenovskiy" waena. Ke nä känaka 'epekema i hoao kona alo,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o mammals akā, i loko o kānaka. A, I. M. Sechenov loaa ka kŰia o tonic excitation wawahi-oaio? A. Ma ka hoʻomaopopo aku ma kēia kaʻina uuku excitation ma centrifugal neurons a me nā nāʻiʻo, e like me ka inhibition o nā aʻalolo-oaio? Ia lakou iho.

Pāʻani aku paha neural keʻano o ka hanaʻana?

Haʻawina koʻikoʻi Russian physiologist I. P. Pavlova a me I. M. Sechenova ho'āʻo ai i ka hana o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana wehewehe aku ma ke kākoʻo '-ordination o reflex reactions. AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o excitation a me inhibition i loko o ka CNS Nā hualoaʻa ma loko o ka wahi rula hooponopono o ke kino: physical haʻawina, ka hanu, digestion, excretion. Bioelectric keʻano o ka hanaʻana ka poʻe hana ma nā aʻalolo-oaio? A, a i sequentially loli no manawa. Ua i nā mea hoʻopili a me ka 'eleu e hooholo ia o ka muli o reflexes i mau lepa a kūloko ma, a mawaho' ia. He ho okolohua ana i mālama 'ia e neurophysiologists, hookupaa iho la ia i ka mea i ka excitation a me ka inhibition i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana - he kī ko mākou hopohopoʻike manaʻo, a i ka nānā' ana ma luna o kekahi lauana. E mākou huli ia i loko o au mamuli.

e hiki ke puunaue nāʻano o keʻano o ka hanaʻana ma ka'emi'ōnaehana ke aʻalolo ioauoa o ka cerebral cortex. Ua kapaʻia kēia waiwai houʻia excitation paha inhibition. Ke ku pono ana i kŰia - hoemi ole ke kaupalenaʻana i ka wahi o ka lolo, hohola bioimpulsy. Ua Ua kapaia lehulehu. Nā 'ano o nā hana kūleʻa, nā kānakaʻepekema malama no ke kahua o ka hoʻoponopono Hawaii reflexes. Ma ka loiloi mua kahua o ka Hawaii mākau, like me ka hopena o ka irradiation o excitation ka poʻeʻoki mau Muscle pūʻulu,ʻaʻole pono 'ole i loko o ka hana o ka Hawaii Kanawai i hana. Wale ma hope mau repetitions ua loaʻa i ka physical mau kuko (skating, eu?, Paikikala), kūpono ai i loko o ka lehulehu o ka excitation keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o kekahi 'neuronal cortical foci, a pau kanaka ka neʻe' ana i vysokokoordinirovannymi.

Ka hoʻololiʻana i ke aʻalolo-oaio? A hiki no hoi i hoʻomaka ai ma muli o ka hoʻokomo. Eia kahi mea akaka i ka wa a ka ana ma lalo nei e maona: mua he mea inhibition paha excitation lehulehu, mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ia o makou i ka ikaika. Ma ka 'epekema ike mau hoailona ia mea o ka hoʻokomo: S-pae (i loko o ka CNS kikowaena inhibition hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i excitation) a me ka hopena maikaʻi ano (excitation ke kumu no ke peleki pāʻana kaʻina). Nō hoʻi i loaʻa i ka pahuhopu nei hoʻokomo. Ma kēia hihia, na ko mākou hopohopo kaʻina ua nana e hoole i loko o ke aʻalolo waena. Haʻawina neuroscientists Ua hoao iho la ia i ka mea i ka hana o ke kiekie mammals a me nā kānaka ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka hoʻokomoʻike manaʻo, irradiation a me ka lehulehu neural excitation a me ka inhibition.

unconditional ke peleki pāʻana

E noʻonoʻo iā mākou i loko o nui au mamuli ano o ke peleki pāʻana i loko o ka CNS a me kona pulakaumaka ma ka palapala i ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o nā holoholona a me nā kānaka. I ka manawa i manaoia e Ivan Pavlov. Ke nä känaka 'epekema manaoio i kēia kaʻina o kekahi o ka innate waiwai o ka'emi'ōnaehana a me ka hōʻike' elua o kona ano: o ka make a me ka mau. E mākou kamaʻilio ia i loko o aku au mamuli.

Lawe i ka cortex malaila excitation ipu ahi, paha ke lāʻau ikiʻai wale i ka hana hoa (na nāʻiʻo, gland secretory aeee). Manawa i huli hou ana mawaho a maloko 'ia aicieeaao i kekahi hapa pīhoihoi o ka cerebral cortex. Ua paha ke he bioelectrical lepa o ka nui pinepine 'e inhibits excitation o mua hana i loko o nā aʻalolo oaio, a me ka reflex piʻo. Make inhibition i loko o ka CNS hualoaʻa ma i ka nui o ka orienting reflex i nā emi. Ke wehewehe no kēia loaʻa ka iniiaiie stimulus aʻole ole i excitation i loko o ke kaʻina receptors afferent neuron.

Kekahiʻano o ka inhibition malama i loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona, hōʻike i ka hoʻokolohua lawelawe 'ia e ka Nobel lua i ka 1904. I. P. Pavlovym. Ma ka hanai ana ilio (fistula loko mai o nā pāpālina) experimenters meʻoi beep - tuha mai ka fistula malie iho la. Oia inhibition nānaina nä känaka 'epekema kapaia kekahi.

E like me ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i ka waiwai, inhibition o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana kahe ana ma unconditioned reflexʻano papa hana. Heʻano OE, a aole i i ke kahe ana o ka nui nui o ka ikehu, e alakai ana i ka cessation o ka hoʻoponopono reflexes. A eia i ke peleki pāʻana unconditional accompanies nui psychosomatic maʻi: psoriasis, spastic a me ka flaccid lōlō.

He aha e mae wawahi

Hoomau ana i ka noiʻi i nā maomeka o inhibition i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, e noʻonoʻo i ka kekahi o kona ano, i kapa wawahi Kêia. He mea maopopo loa i ke orienting reflex o ke kino o ka pane ana i ka hopena o ka hou haole maika i. Ma keia hihia, i loko o ka cerebral cortex nā aʻalolo-oaio? Ua i hanaʻia i loko o ka moku'āina o excitation. He 'ano apau loa i ka reflex piʻo i mea kuleana i ke kino o ka pane, a kapa aku la i ka orienting reflex. Ua reflex hana kumu inhibition o ka hoʻoponopono reflex o ka mea e hanaia ana o ka manawa. Ma hope o repetition refillable extraneous stimuli reflex, i kapaʻia hōʻike i nā emi a mahope nalo. No laila, ka mea, aole i i nui ae inhibition o ka hoʻoponopono reflex. Oia ka neaiae ua loaa, a me ka inoa o ka mae wale nā paleki.

Ke'ī mai, ka mea mawaho inhibition o ka hoʻoponopono reflexes aie a hiki i ka aoao o ka haole kino neaiae mea he innate waiwai o ka Central a me ka ʻike ākea ko mākou hopohopo kahua. Māmā a hou stimulus, e like me eha ka waiʻona ma,'ē kani, hoʻomālamalama loli,ʻaʻole wale nō ke kumu o ka orienting reflex, akā, i ka poʻea pau i ka mea hoʻonāwaliwali maoli nō paha i piha cessation o ka hoʻoponopono reflex piʻo, o kaila. Inā ka mea mawaho neaiae ( 'ē aʻe ma mua o ka eha) hana pinepine ae la oia, inhibition o ka hoʻoponopono reflex ikeia uuku. Ke liluwelo kūlana o nā aʻalolo kaʻina unconstrained palapala ninoieo i lawe mai i ke kino o ka pane ana i ka stimulus, o ka nui loa i ka manawa.

maloko inhibition

Kona nā inoa i hoʻohana mua i loko o ka physiology o luna ko mākou hopohopo aayoaeuiinoe - hoʻoponopono inhibition. I ka papa kuhikuhiE elue no ka muli o kēia kaʻina - i ka nele o ke kilo lepa e hele mai ana, mai ka mawaho ao nei, innate reflexes: digestive, salivary. Hana ma lalo o kēia mau ana ke peleki pāʻana CNS keʻano o ka hanaʻana i kauoha mai i kekahi manawa wā mawaena. E hoomanao i ko lakou mau manao ma hou au mamuli.

No ka laʻana, ka palena pau inhibition ia lŘlŘ me he pane i? Aneie no lepa, coinciding ma ka ikaika hawewe, pinepine 'a me ka mana i ka hoʻoponopono stimulus. Kēia palapala no AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o ka'emi'ōnaehana a me ke waho ao nei e leie aku ke kino i ka nui finely maopopo ma waena o stimuli, a, e kaʻawale iā lākou, mai ka totality o ia i ua mau innate reflex. No ka laʻana, i ke kani ana o ke kahea ana me ka ikaika o ka 15 Hz, kākoʻo ma ka pa a me ka ai, i ka ilio nui ka hoʻoponopono salivary pane. Inā i ka holoholona, e hoʻohana i kekahi leo, me ka mana o ka 25 Hz,ʻaʻole ka ikaika ka mea, i ka ai, i loko o ka moʻo mua o ia mea, i ka ilio o ka fistula tuha e e anao? Aou i nā ka hoʻoponopono stimulus. Ma hope o kekahi manawa o ka holoholona makemake differentiation o kēia mau lepa, a ma ka leo mana o 25 Hz, mai ka tuha fistula pohaku e ku mai, i ua, hoʻomōhala differentiating inhibition.

Hookuu aku i ka lolo, mai ka ike ana i kahi e pōʻino nui kūlana no ke kino i nalowale - keia kuleana pili i ka kaʻoi loa hanaʻia ke peleki pāʻana i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Physiology empirically ho'āʻo i ka hoʻoponopono Hawaii naoh, pono heleuma, e hoʻoikaika i nā mākau, ke hoomau anei ma ke kanaka ka ola, e like me skating, Paikikala.

Hōʻuluʻulu i, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka inhibitory keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana - ka mea hoʻonāwaliwali maoli nō paha cessation o kekahi reactions o ka meaola. Ka mea, ua nui loa nui, e like me ke kino o ka reflexes a pau i ee i kulike ai me ka Hoʻololi 'hua'ōlelo, a ina o ka hoʻoponopono neaiae ua lilo kona waiwai, a hiki loa hiki mae. Mai Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'ano o ka deceleration i loko o ka CNS e walaʻauʻana i ia mau kanaka ka noʻonoʻo' nā mea hiki like iho ola, hoʻokae stimuli iho iakou.

Ka hoʻokaʻulua ano o ka ua'emi kaʻina

Empirically kekahi ke hana i kekahi kahua ma i ke kino o ka pane ana i ka hōʻailona hoʻoponopono, mai ka mea mawaho i hoʻolilo 'ia ua hōʻike mua waiū i ka unconditioned stimulus, e like me ka ai. Ma ka hoʻoulu i ka manawa wā mawaena ma waena o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka waiū o ka hoʻoponopono neaiaea (malamalama, kani, e laʻa me, metronome) a me ka manawa o ke kilo i ka ekolu minuke ma ka luna tuha hoʻoponopono stimuli increasingly hoolohi a ia lŘlŘ wale i ka wa a ke alo o ka holoholona i Konakele. Feeder me ka ai. Lagging muli o ka hoʻoponopono neaiae mea hōʻike no inhibition o CNS keʻano o ka hanaʻana i kapaia o hoolohi hoomaopopo, ai ka mea hoʻopili like i ke kahe manawa o ke kali hou aku; wā mawaena o ka unconditioned stimulus, e like me ka ai.

I ka waiwai o ka inhibition i loko o ka CNS

Ke kanaka kino nei, figuratively olelo ana, o "ma ka maka" nui helu o nā kumumea mawaho, a na nā papa hana no ka i ka mea, ua puʻe wale akula kēlā e pane koke, a lilo i ka ai iiiaanoaa o ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. Lākou nā aʻalolo-oaio? A, a arcs e hana i loko o ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula. ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana overload nui helu o ka pīhoihoi-oaio? a ma ka cerebral cortex mai i ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole ka noʻonoʻo' ana, akā, i ho'ēmi i kā kona ka hoʻokōʻana.

Liluwelo kumu o kanaka hana

Nā 'ano o ka ua'emi'aʻaʻa ha awina, e like me ka excitation a me ka inhibition i loko o ka CNS, i ke kumu o ka luna ua'emi ko ha awina. Ka mea, ke kumu o ka physiological maomeka o kanaka noʻonoʻo haʻawina. Ke ao ana o ka mea kiekie oia ka'emi ko ha awina i ua kālaiʻia I. P. Pavlovym. A kēiaʻano o ka mea heluhelu ia penei:

• Excitation a inhibition i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, 'ia i loko o ka huipūʻana, i luna' ka noʻonoʻo 'keʻano o ka hanaʻana: hoomanao, manaʻo, ka olelo, ike paka, me ka hana i luna' kanaka 'ano' pane.

E e 'epekema-ma muliʻano o ke ao, hana, lealea, i nā kānakaʻepekema i hoʻohana i ka' ike o nā kānāwai o nā mea kiʻekiʻe ma ko mākou hopohopo haʻawina.

hiki ke nānā 'ia ka liluwelo manaʻo nui o ia kaʻeleu nā aʻalolo kaʻina like inhibition like penei. Hoʻololi kumu o ka mawaho, a na āina (wa e kaawale aku o ka hoʻoponopono kilo neaiaea innate reflex) entails kūpono loli adaptive maomeka i loko o ke kanaka kino. No ia mea, lilo reflex hana inhibited (aku) a loa ke kino e like me ka mea i impractical no ka meaola.

He aha ka he moe?

I. P. Pavlov ma kana mau hana hoao experimentally ka mea ia na keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka inhibition i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana a me ka hiamoe i ka ia ano. I ka wā o ka wakefulness o ke kino ma ke kāʻei kua o ka pono hana o ka cerebral cortex ua no diagnosed kekahi o kona kahua uhi ia e ka mea maloko ke peleki pāʻana. Ma ka hiamoe, ia Pāhawewe ma ka holoʻokoʻa ili o ka cerebral hemispheres, hiki subcortical nā hale: thalamus (thalamus), hypothalamus, reticular ho okumu a me limbic kahua. E like me kuhikuhi ana ma ka koʻikoʻi neuroscientist P. K. Anohin, a pau o kēia mau wahi o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana kuleana no ka 'ano' spheres, Emotions a me instincts, oiai e hiamoe ho'ēmi i kā lākou mau haʻawina. Kēia entails He ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka hanauna o nā aʻalolo impulses e hele mai ana mai ma lalo o ka uhi. Pela, ua hoemiia ho'ā hope o ka cortex. Ua apono 'i ke koena a me ka hoʻopakele pūnao i loko o nā neurocytes o ka lolo, a ma ke kino e like me ke okoa.

Hoʻokolohua 'ē aʻeʻepekema (Hess e hoola i) pono i ua hoʻokumu' kūikawā nā aʻalolo keena o ke 'ole-kekahi Kernel thalamus. excitation keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o diagnosed ia, hoohele ho'ēmi i loko o nā biorhythms pńpa a hiki ke nānā i ka hoʻololi, mai ka hana ana (ala) i ka hiamoe. Haʻawina o ka lolo, iaono? Like Silvio palama a me III ventricle, ua paipaiʻia kānakaʻepekema i ka manao o ke ola ana o ka piko o ka rula o ka hiamoe. He ua anatomically pili me ka mau o ka lolo kuleana no ka wakefulness. Hoʻolilo i keia locus cortex ma ka trauma a me ka hopena o hereditary kāna hana i loko o kānaka hiki aku ai i ka pathologic olelo o ka Kanikani'āʻula. No hoi e hoailona oukou i ka mea ana i ka rula o ke kino ka nui no ka ke peleki pāʻana kaʻina hana i ka hiamoe lawe nā aʻalolo-oaio? A diencephalon a me subcortical nuclei: ka caudate, amygdala, pa a me ka lenticular.