Kalipuna carbide

E like me ka hopena o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ke kalapona me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia ma kiʻekiʻe temperaturahpoluchayutsya carbides. No ka laʻana, kalipuna carbide: Ca + 2c → CaC2. No a pau na carbides ka mea, he nui mea hiki nui. Pure CaC2 - maikai crystallizing paa, colorless nā pōaka hana Ion Ca2 + a me C2-. His nā inoa - pōhaku acetylide a kalipuna carbide. Molar nuipa Ua like ia 64,1 g. / Kameleona. Ia mea,ʻaʻole e yiaeaiiacaaeneiie a me ka ole wailana i loko o kekahi o ka ikeia nā'uheheʻe, a decomposes ma ka hana o ka wai. kona pa apŘ mea 2,22 g. / cm³. Ka mahele heheʻe i ka mahana ua 2160 ° C a me ka baila aʻela i - 2300 ° C. Ke degere o ka ole ma ke kino o ka waiwai like pilikia (1st papa o ka pilikia).

First kalipuna acetylide i hoomakaukau ia ma 1862 ma ka German chemist Fridrihom Velerom ka wā enaena me charcoal oka a pau o ke kiniki a me ka kalipuna. Ka mea i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka naoh o ke kalipuna carbide me H2O. E like me kona ko läkou '(e laʻa me, ka lewa ona mau) o ke kalipuna carbide reacts vigorously me ke kala ana o ka nui nui o ka wela. Akā, ma ka hihia o ka nele o ka wai kūpono acetylene autoignition hiki ke kānāwai. Kalipuna carbide vigorously reacts me nāu kekahi'okanikaʻole nāʻakika a me koʻana koko pāʻoihana o alkalis. Kēia i mea ka e auaaeaiea o acetylene. I ka ikaika hoemi Agena, CaC2 hiki ke hoihoi hou i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia oxides i carbides a maemae ke hooheheeia.

Kaniak kalipuna carbide mea ole i ka pono no ka kalipuna, a me kona'okesaside. At kiʻekiʻe Mahana O Ke Kai (mai ka 2000 a hiki i 2300 ° C) o kona ola. Ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, a kalapona i pili: CaO + 3C → CO ↑ + CaC2. Ke kaʻina hana i wahi i loko o ka uila piʻo umu ahi, ai ka incandescent hui o ka poe ola, Lime a me ka Coke paha anthracite. Ka maka huahana Ua nā pōpō, i ka grayish kala like 'ole, no ka mea, loaʻa impurities i loko o ka palapala o ka noa kalapona,'okesaside, a me ka sulfide, kalipuna phosphide a me nā Nine Inch i huiʻia. Mass hapa CaC2 maloko o 80-85%.

Ma ka naoh o carbides me ka wai e ku nei a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, a me acetylene. E like me ka lua oʻano reacts me ka wai i ke kalipuna carbide. Acetylene, ka kūpono naoh i loaʻa hanalima nui: 2H2O + CaC2 → C2H2 + Ca (OH) 2, o ka oaoieei-a mai i kaʻawaʻawa loa ala, no ka mea, na ka helu o nā impurities (NH3, H2S, PH3, etc.). 'Oiai, ma ka maemae palapala, ia mea he colorless kinoea me ke ano alaʻano nawaliwali, a me ia mea he wailana i loko o ka wai. He nui ke loaa kalipuna cyanamide (he maka mea i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o cyanide hui a noi like me ka mea hoʻomomona) carbide ma ka reacting ia me ka naikokene ma ka naoh helu kaulike: N2 + → CaCN2 CaC2 + C.

Hope CaC2 hoʻomano hoʻohana carbide kukui, i mālama ai i ke kumu o acetylene lapalapa ahi. Currently, ua kaupalenaʻano nui potholing i ka hoʻohana 'ia o ia ano i ka malamalama kahi, ka mea, ua i hoʻohana' ia ma buoys a me Lighthouse. Other nui mau mea o ka palapala noi CaC2 - e Nine Inch enehana, kahi ia o ka maka mea. No ka laʻana, i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o Nine Inch,ʻano nui o ia ia mea kemikala laholio. I loaa mai kalipuna carbide acetyleneʻeleʻele, vinyl koloriside, vinyl aceticʻakika, acrylonitrile,'etolina, acetone, kemikala kēpau, styrene. Ke keleawe ua hoʻohana no ka deoxidization a me ka desulfurization ke hooheheeia (ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka o oxygen a me ka luaipele, niioaaonoaaiii). Kalipuna carbide ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana o ka ulu mea kanu mea hoʻokonukonu, he carbide pauka mea kemikala (acetylene kuʻihao).

Awina kēlā me kēia tona CaC2 pono ma kahi o 3 tausani kW / h o ka uila. No laila, ka mea, ua hoaponoia ma ka alo o ka haʻahaʻa kumukūʻai no ka mea. Nohona ma, nae, ao? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke kalipuna carbide e ulu ana. Inā ma ka 70s o ka mua ke kenekulia, makahiki paka mai i ka 5 miliona tona, i loko o mākou kenekulia, ua ulu ia e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka helu. No ka paha, ma Kina, ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o acetylene nānā 'ana i kalipuna carbide o ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka maka mea no ka Nine Inch hana, i pau no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o Tewetewe koloriside. Ke? Iecaianoaaiiie o acetylene mai kona maka mea oi ka hoʻokele waiwai ma mua o ka hoʻohana 'ana i laweia mai kaʻaila. Nolaila, kona? Iecaianoaaiiie ma Kina ua ulu ana. I ka 2005, ka mea i 8,94 miliona nā kana, a ua he maoli i ka wa pono e paka 17 miliona tona.

Like Kina, ka United States, Europe, a Japan carbonaceous kalipunaʻai ana ana i emi. I ka nui o kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o ka US ma na 90s ua like ia wale 236 tausani tona no ka makahiki. I ko kakou aupuni, ke kalipuna carbide hua mai la e like me na hoakaka i helu 'ia i loko o ISO 1460-81. Kona papa kuhikuhiE nā mea kūʻai mai - ka mea, o Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Romania a me Solowakia. Aie i ka mea kiʻekiʻe mana hokii, o ka huina hoonui me ka pili ana me ka hoomahuahua i loko o kala o ka uila hokii o ke kalipuna acetylide i loko o Rusia a me ka hoʻoliloʻana aina haule iho ma ka hapalua.