Ke circulatory nenoaiu o earthworm: ano, 'ole a me nā hiʻona

Annelid ilo - kokoke i ka nui laha 'o nā holoholona kiekie ae, noa-e noho ana i loko o ka lepo, kai a me ka wai. Kēiaʻano o ka ilo, i ka oi luna 'hui ma mua o ka roundworms a palahalaha.

Ma ilo laha ' ke komo lima no ka manawa mua ikea haumāna lua, hoomaikai i hoʻonohonoho' ia ke koko kokuaia'ōnaehana a me ka ua'emi nenoaia.

Earthworm: 'ole

Ma keʻa-pauku he kūpono kou hoʻopoepoe kino. Ka awelika loihi - ma kahi o 30 knm ua hookaawale 150-180 Hoʻohana, a Hoʻohana .. Kāʻei, a mea i loko o ka mua hapakolu o ke kino, hanaʻia kona hana i loko o ke au o ka moe aayoaeuiinoe (earthworm - hermaphrodite). Ma ka aoao o na Hoʻohana i eha pono-ulu uuku paakiki hulu. Ka mea, he hoʻonui i ka pohupani hale o ko ka ilo ka kino i loko o ka lepo.

Waihoʻoluʻu ulaulaʻeleʻele bipi kāne, a ma luna o ka'ōpū o ka iki māmā ma mua o ka hoʻi.

maoli mea

Ke circulatory'ōnaehana mea i na holoholona a pau, mai vtorichnopolostnyh annelids. Ua Ua hana ma muli o ia i ka hua o ke ola aayoaeuiinoe (i hoohalikeia, no kekahi laʻana, flatworms). Life mea i mau noi pono i ka hale lio ikaika muscular hana, i ka huli ke kumu o ka pono, e hoʻomāhuahua i ka aeee lako me ka o oxygen a me ka mahuaola, i hiki ke hoopakele i ke koko wale.

He aha ka ka circulatory'ōnaehana o ka earthworm? Ua mau ka papa kuhikuhiE arteries - i ke kua, a ma ka abdomen. Ma kēlā me kēia Hoʻohana ma waena o arteries ho'āʻo Loop moku. O kēia mau mea, i kekahi mau ikiʻia naʻe, a uhi i Muscle'aʻaʻa. Ma kēia mau kīʻaha, e hana i ka hana o ka naau, Muscle, ana, e hookuke i ke koko i loko o ka abdominal artery. Ke komo lima o "naau" o ka hiki ole i ka spinal artery i kūikawā kiwikā mea e ole e haawi mai i ke koko i loko o ka hewa ala e hele ai. O na moku i mahele ia i loko o ka mea ulana pukapuka nui o ka oi capillaries. Oxygen ma loko o ia hele mai, mai ka lewa, a mai ka naʻau liʻiliʻi omoʻia māhuaola. Capillaries a i ka Muscle'aʻaʻa, e hāʻawi aku i carbon dioxide a me nā huahana o ka decomposition.

Circulatory'ōnaehana earthworm paa, e like me ia no ka manawa o ka neʻe 'aʻole i hui pu ia me ka loli lua. Kēia i mea e hiki ai i ka mahuahua me ka nui loa o ka uku o ka pūnao. Animals i e ole i ke koko pumping'ōnaehana, hoʻa'ā i lalo i nā manawaʻelua.

Ke circulatory nenoaiu o ka earthworm

Ka mahuaola i ka wā i omo i liʻiliʻi ilo ana, haawi ma ka circulatory'ōnaehana ua pono kona mau niho.

Kona noaia Ua pilikia lawa no keia ano o ka holoholona. Ma luna a ma lalo o nā naʻau liʻiliʻi ma ke kino a pau, he mau moku. Ka moku i maalo ae ma ka hope, i hoʻolako pono me nāʻiʻo. Ua, hooho ae a me ka moe, undulating pushes koko mai ka hoʻi a hiki i ke alo o ke kino. Ka mua Hoʻohana (i loko o kekahi mau laha 'o nā ilo mea 7-11, y me' ē aʻe - 7-13) he moku holo ma ke kua, ua hai aku la ia me kekahi mau hui o nā wahi e holo ana transverse i ka nui (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO 5-7). Ke circulatory nenoaiu o earthworm mau moku simulates naau. Nāʻiʻo i ke kino me ka nui loa ka ikaika ma mua o ka mea 'ē aʻe, no laila, ka mea mau i ka poe koikoi o ka pau nenoaiu.

ooieoeiiaeuiuo hiʻona

I ka hana o ka circulatory nenoaiu o ka earthworm mea i 'ano like me kaʻoihana o ka hemodynamics vertebrates. Koko e hele mai ana mai loko mai o ka naau, e hina ia i loko o ka wahi aia i loko o ka abdominal lua. He He holo a hiki i ka hope pau ana o ka ilo keena. Ma kona hele i kēia koko hāpai māhuaola i loko o liʻiliʻi moku, aia i loko o ka pā pōhaku o ke keena. Ma puberty, i ka lua i pele koko, a me ka wahine.

Ka 'ole o ka circulatory nenoaiu o ka earthworm mea i nā ipu i loko o kēlā me kēia hui, e neʻe maila i loko o ka mea uuku capillaries. Koko, mai kēia mau lua i pele i loko o na moku manaʻo ma ka papa, mai a ke koko kahe ana i loko o ka dorsal artery. Nāʻiʻo nō i loko o na moku a pau i ke koko,ʻo ia ka mea liilii loa. Ua apono 'koko i ole stagnate, o ka oi aku i loko o ka periphery o ke koko lako'ōnaehana o kēia' ano o ka annelid.

liʻiliʻi

Ma keia hapa o ke kino o ka ilo mea he pakahi aku la ia anuanu capillary plexus. Ka mea, he e hoohihia i ka naʻau liʻiliʻi. Part o na capillaries lawe māhuaola, i kekahi hapa hāpai ia ma ke kino. ʻO nāʻiʻo o nā moku i ke koko a puni ka liʻiliʻi o keia? Ueony o annelid,ʻaʻole like ka ikaika me ka dorsal moku a me ka naau.

koko haku mele 'ana

Ke circulatory nenoaiu o earthworm ma luna o ka gleamʻulaʻula. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka waiwai i loko o ke koko e like me ka Nine Inch 'ole i ka hemoglobin, i ke koko komo i loko o ka haku mele' ana o ka vertebrates. Ke koena unuhi waiho i loko o ia e loaʻa kēia mau 'ona i loko o wai koko (ke kinowai hapa o ke koko haku mele' ana) ma ka pāʻoihana a me ka ole i loko o ke koko keena. Ke loa koko o ka earthworm - mau keena me ka waihoʻoluʻu a pau, no kekahi mau ano. Ka mea, e structurally like me ka colorless aeee i e mai i ke koko o vertebrates.

Transporting ka oxygen keena

Keena o oxygen vertebrate naehana hoololiia mai hemoglobin. Ke koko ilo waiwai like ma ka haku mele 'ana, i lawe mai i oxygen i nā keena o ke kino. Ke wale koena unuhi mea i ilo naehana hanu ole. Ka mea, "Inhale" a me ka "Exhale" o ke kino ili honua.

Ka lahilahi aiiay Auana (cuticle) o ka ili a me ka epithelia o ka ilo me ka kiʻekiʻe ili capillary aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'e hōʻoiaʻiʻo maikai omo o ka o oxygen mai ka lewa. Capillary punawelewele, Ua nui no laila, i he mea hiki ma ka epithelium. Nolaila, i ke koko holo ÿana ma na ipu kino o ka pā pōhaku, a transverse ipu i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE wai o ke kumu, no laila, i ke kino a pau ua lako oukou i ka oxygen. Ka ulaula hue o ke kino o keia? Ueony ke komo lima o haawi ia nui capillary paia i ulanaʻia.

Maanei, ua pono e hoailona oukou i ka lahilahi Auana e uhi i ke kino o ka earthworm (cuticle), ua nui hoopuni huakaʻi o. Nolaila, oxygen ma ua mea hoʻoheheʻe mua i loko o ka wai kulu, a i paa cutaneous epithelium. Mai keia ka mea, penei i kaʻili e mau loa ana e nā hua. Pela, ua lilo akaka i ka humidity o ke kaiapuni - nui i ano no ke ola o kēia mau holoholona.

O ka iki ka maloʻoʻana o kaʻili i pau ka moni ha. No ka mea circulatory'ōnaehana o ka earthworm, aole ia i lawe mai i ka oxygen keena. 'Aʻole loa lōʻihi ka mea hiki ke ola i loko o ia mau rula, hoʻohana wahi lulu ka wai na lako. Hoʻopakele glands ke aupuni 'i loko o kaʻili. A hiki aku i ke kulana lilo maoli huʻi earthworm hoʻomaka e hoolilo aku i ka lua loli, māhele vybryzgivaya ia, mai laila kau ma luna o ke kua.

Digestive a me ko mākou hopohopo nenoai

earthworms digestive'ōnaehana ninoieo o ka foregut, waena a me ka hope. No ka mea, o ka mea pono, e ola i ka oi hana digestive nenoaiie o earthworms ka mea, ua hele ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka hou. Ma ka digestive'āpana ikea oihana, kela mea keia mea o ka i i paa i ka maopopo kuleana pili i.

Ke kumu nui kino o ka'ōnaehana - intestinal Tube. Ua Ua maheleia i ku una ha o ka lua, pharynx, esophagus,'ōpū (muscular kino), i ka waena a me ka hope o liʻiliʻi, anus.

I ka esophagus a me ka puʻu, glands OAAIeOO ducts i i ka hopena ma luna o ke keku ai. Ke midgut ai ua hoʻokō 'chemically a i ke kemu i nā huahana o digestion i loko o ke koko. Residues mai ma ka anus.

Ka holoʻokoʻa loa o ka bipi ilo, mai ka peritoneum hele nā aʻalolo kaula. Penei, kēlā Hoʻohana i kona kūpono 'ana iho o ka ua'emi popo palaoa. Ma ke alo o ke aʻalolo kaula mea annular alahaka iloko olaila a elua i pili aka wahi. Ua kapaʻia peripharyngeal nā aʻalolo apo hookahi. Ua diverges mai ka pukapuka o ke aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū a pau ma luna o ke kino.

Digestive, circulatory a me ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu o ka earthworm He huikau nui, ma muli o ia ka holomua o ka pau ano o annelids. No laila, ma ka like ana me nā 'ano o nā ilo, ka mea, i ka hui loa maikai.