Ke kumu a me ka nohona o ka mahi mea kanu. Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi e pili ana i kaʻohi kanu

Mahi mea kanu i no laila, paa i kanaka ke ola i mau kanaka manaʻo e pili ana i kahi o kā lākou moʻolelo, hoomaka ae la ka mahi. Ai hua a me nā lauʻai i loko o ka ai, ke kanaka, aole ia e noi e pili ana pehea e nana e like kā lākou hihiu hoahanau, a pehea nui i keʻano o ka mahi mea kanu.

mōʻaukala kūʻiʻo

Kokoke e pau i ike mahiai mea kanu i keia la i kā lākou mōʻaukala aʻa e hoakaka i ka ioauoa o lākou ma muli o a me ka gradual hou '.

Ke kumu o ka mahi mea kanu no i 50 000-60 000 makahiki BC. e ka. Prior i kēia wā, i ka ohi ana o kanu i ke ala o ke ola i ke kai o kaʻohana, a ua i ke kuleana o ka wahine. Historical kekahi hōʻike i hoomaka kanaka e lawe nui, a ola mānoanoa ko a me ka hua, e ulu ia ma ko lakou mau wahi i noho ai, ua kahiko mau ipu, a me nā ipu lako i loko o nā ilina o ko lākou mau nō.

I ka lā, 640 o ka loa hanohano laha 'o ka mahi kanu ike ia ma kahi o 400 o lakou i hele mai, mai South Asia, 50 - ma Africa, oi aku 100 - mai ka Akau a me Amerika Hema, a me ke koena - maiʻEulopa.

Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi e pili ana i ka ulu, no kekahi laʻana huapalaoa, e olelo aku i na kiliala ua na? Ueo mua i kanaka i ulu ka noonoo e kokoke hale. Ike maopopo ana i keia māmala'ōlelo i ka papa wiliʻai kahiko a me kaʻai i, i loaʻa i loko o nā wahi o ka noho cavemen.

Oaio? Ia o ke kanu domestication

Ma ka 20th kenekulia, ua hiki i ka nui loa iaʻi hooholo i kahi a lakou i hele mai ia mai ke kālā no ke ano o ka mahi mea kanuʻepekema. O N. I. Vavilov Wāwahi iʻohi Tilly 7 mau mea:

1. Penei, South Asia ua lilo i ka hiki ana o 33% o domesticated? Ueo. Mahi kanu (examples hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā hana o Vavilov), e like me ka raiki, ke kō, kaʻukama, eggplant a me na mea e ae, hele mai ia iā mākou mai ia wahi.
2. East Asia ua hāʻawi mai iā mākou 20% o ka mahi? Ueony, e like me soybeans, millet, cherries, buckwheat.
3. South-West Asia o ka aina hanau o ka palaoa, rai, ka papapa maka, turnips, i mea 4% o nā mea kanu.
4. Kaiwaenahonuaʻaoʻao nona 11% o ka ike mahi kanu. Kēia kālika, i nā hua waina, carrots, cabbage, ohia, papapa a me na mea e ae.
5. Ethiopia i ka hale i ka 4% o? Ueony, i nā chickpeas, bale, ke kope laau.
6. Central Amerika imua o ke ao nei me ka palaoa, kaʻuala, paka, cocoa.
7. South America pili ana i ka uala, coca, Oki, cinchona.

Wild hoahanau o kēia mau mea kanu ke e loaʻa hiki i keia manawa. Ma keia hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo e pili ana i kaʻohi kanu 'Aʻole i pau i laila.

Koho ana o na kanaka kahiko

Apuepue cavemen a me ka hope kūpono 'ana o ke kanaka? Ueony ma breeders, akā, i kekahi mau mākau ma ke koho a me ka mahi o ka mea kanu lakou.

Archaeologists manao e mahiai, a me ka sedentary Aloha Hawaii e like me ke ala o ke ola i pili 10 000 makahiki aku nei. Ua Ua kēia wā ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka hoʻomaka o ka domestication o ka mea kanu. I mea, i kaʻai i waena mea kanu (examples o archaeologists huli mea kahiko 'ō a ma ke kula) i, e oki loa mua ia.

ʻepekema mālama i ka 'ohi hihiu mānoanoa, pōhaku ka hua a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana kokoke i ke kahua o kahiko kanaka, ka wā e ala mai ma ka ai lua a kiola pu me leftovers. Nā wāhine o ka ohana i i, e huki mai i ka nāhelehele kokoke "kalana" mea ola a hiki i kēia lā.

Ua, hoomaka ae la e lawe aʻa, mānoanoa ko a me nā iwi o ka hua loa ono a me ka nui kanaka a me ka noonoo e kanu ia ma kahi o ko lakou mau wahi i noho ai. Pēlā originated mahiʻai, i haawi ala i ka hou kiʻekiʻe o ke kanaka? Acaeoey.

Ke 'ano o ka mahi mea kanu i keia la

I ko makou manawa, i ke koho ua lilo ia he 'epekema i hana ole wale ma luna o kekahi mea kanu e haawi i ko, akā, kekahi ma luna o kā lākouʻaiʻana a me ka mahuahua ola. Kokoke pau keia ano o ka lau, hua, a me kiliala, i ai ke kālā no ke kanaka - he hapalua, i ua piha iho artificially.

Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi e pili ana i kaʻohi mea kanu, a i undergone ole pono i ke koho, a keʻa-? Aneii me'ē aʻe? Ueo - ka mea huli i ka loa hou meaola i mea kākou ma ka ano.

Hybrids, piha iho artificially i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua mea he hoʻokahi-manawa hua, akā, ua mahuahua hoomaikai aku ia ia i ka helu o ke ono e haawi ana i ka kiʻekiʻe hua o ka ulu haneri o ka manawa.

I kēia mau lā hybridity hoopa e like kiliala, a me ka hua a me kaʻai iā mea, ua 'ike nui ia mai, e like me nā komako, peppers, kaʻukama, a he nui na mea e ae.

mahi kaʻukama

Mahi kanu kaʻukama mea ai maʻa i ka papaʻaina i loko o ka hou a me ka canned palapala, mākou e e noi aku ia makou iho "kahi i ka mea a pau e hele mai ia iā mākou."

Ua huli mai i ke ala o ka kaʻukama ma mākou papa uaʻano nui, e like me kona'āina o Kina a me India. O 6000 makahiki aku nei, i kēia nō makaainana, eia nae kona kahiko hoahanau nō ulu i loko o ka nahele o Inia, e like me ke kumu waina, hoʻi i wahīʻia i ka nui ilpko o nā lāʻau, e like me kā lākou hoʻohana no ka landscaping pa a me na ululaau.

Nā frescoes i kahiko Aigupita, a laila kahiko Greece, i na poe i kēia nō hoʻi ma luna o nā papa o ka waiwai kanaka, a ua loaʻa wale nō i ka kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe kanaka he lōʻihi manawa.

Ma Europa, kaʻukama lawe mai i ka Helene, a me kā lākou haawi aku ua kokololio no e hoao a me nā papaha no ka wā e hiki mai pickle no ka hooilo. I kēia lā, i kēia nō ka loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau a me na wahi a pau. Kēlā me kēia mala ua hana e ulu i kekahi mea kanu maikaʻi o nā kaʻukama, a i hoʻohana like kona varietal? Ueo a me hybrids.

Mahi o ka i loko o mea kanu

People mahalo i nā mea kanu ole wale no ka manawa kūpono o kā lākou hoʻohana i loko o ka ai, akā, no hoi no ka lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai, e like me ka nani. Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi e pili ana i kaʻohi mea kanu, i mea no ka noho ana o ka hihiu i ka hae o ka nani a me ka palupalu, pili ala.

Rose i ka symbolic pua o na lahuikanaka he nui i loko o kahiko. Penei, e like me Indian kaʻao, Lakshmi, ke akua o ka nani, i hānauʻia i loko o ka rosebud. Ua pau poem haku mele i loko o kekahi aina, a ma na manawa a pau, e like me ka mea i ka home i ka Tropical Hikina Hema Asia. Ua ua mai ka mahi kanu ala E neʻe i ke Makamua Greece, kahi ia i kapa i ka pua o Aphrodite. I ka wä kahiko Rome, a hiki i ka hoʻomehana honua no ka i ala aʻe i ka mea, ua pua i nā mea a pau ka makahiki a pau.

I kēia manawa, aia no na haneri o nāʻano likeʻole o nā mea kanu piha iho ma breeders i growers a puni ka honua.

Hoikehonua, ku ae e ulu ana ma ka wehe lepo, i loko o nā ipu hao ma luna o windowsills, ma ka hale hoʻoulu mea kanu a me ka hooilo hale hoʻoulu mea kanu. Mai ia hoomakaukauʻono, a olakino Jam, a ku ae la ka aila ua manaoia kekahi o ka loa pipiʻi, mai ka paka i kekahi kilogram o 500 kg i hoʻohana petals.

mahi hua

Like pono me mānoanoa ko a me ka lau, hua i Ua i ka mea o ka mahi ana o na kanaka kahiko. Pono keia mau mea waiwai o ka berry a me ka hua kanu, e like me ka manawa kūpono, e hoola ia i loko o ka palapala o ka maloʻo a me pickled e ia paʻa mea pantries. Ka loa kaulana o ka hua i na ohia, hihiu hanauna i loaʻa i loko o Cretaceous strata, a me nā lā. I kēia lā, he nui loa ka hua laau i mea 200-300 makahiki aku nei i manao like haole, pau i maʻa i ka mahinaʻai i loko o backyards.

wā e hiki mai kekahi mea kanu

Breeders a pau ma luna o ka honua i keia manawa e hana i loko o kā lākou mau labs e hoʻomōhala hou ulu i e e hiki ke lawe kumu i loko o ka hana kūpono no ia, a haawi aku ano kūkaʻi 'ohi ai ana.

Mahalo i kā lākou mau hana, i ka iʻohi kanu i oi hoʻopale i ka loli ma ka huliau, lepo depletion papa o ka Honua, a pela haawi maikai e haawi i ko.

hoomaka He nui kaʻai i waena mea kanu, e haawi mau mea kanu i ka makahiki a me ka manawa, e like me ka hapalua ho'āpono hoopaakikiia. Ua haawi manaolana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ma luna o mākou papa e e hou hua a me ka lau, nona ka'āina i loihi i hooki ia e ka hookaawale aina, e like me ka ua i ka a pau ao nei.