Krebs kalapona - i ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me nā mea hoʻomaoe no liluwelo nenoai

Ke bulk o ka kalapona Nine Inch ikehu ua hoʻokuʻuʻia ma lalo o aerobic hana pili i ka oxygen. Ka Krebs kalapona ua i kapaʻia ka citricʻakika kalapona, a me ke kelepona hele ka hanu. Ma omńkalakala i na reactions kanaka o ke kaʻina hana i hele ma na kānakaʻepekema: A. Szent-Gyorgyi, A. Lehninger, X. Ka Krebs kalapona o ka inoa i haawiia, SE Severin a me na mea e ae.

Ma waena o aerobic a anaerobic hālāwai hope o carbohydrates aia mea he kokoke correlative pili. Mua o nā mea a pau, ka mea, ua hoikeia i loko o ke alo o pyruvicʻakika, a ua pau i ka anaerobic digestion o carbohydrates, a hoʻomaka ke kelepona hele ka hanu nā (Krebs pōʻaiapuni). Nā kūlana i catalyzed ma ka hookahi'ūhū. Ke Nine Inch ikehu hookuu ma ka phosphorylation, ua hoana e like macroergs ATP. Ke Nine Inch reactions komo i ka ia coenzymes (NAD, NADP) a me cations. Ka oko ao e like penei: ina anaerobic hālāwai hope o carbohydrates puleʻAmelika, IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE ma hyaloplasm, ke kelepona hele ka hanu nā reactions anaʻano nui i loko o mitochondria.

Ma lalo o kekahi kumu, he mea i antagonism ma waena o nā kūlanaʻelua. Penei, i ke alo o ka o oxygen naoh uku o ka glycolysis emi ikaika (Pasteur kanawai). glycolysis huahana ke inhibit i ka aerobic pūnao o carbohydrates (Crabtree hopena).

Ke Krebs kalapona mea he moʻo o Nine Inch reactions kūpono ai i loko o ka hoʻololi iho nā huahana o carbohydrates i oxidized i ke kalapona'okikene lua a me ka wai, a me ka Nine Inch ikehu loaa i loko o ka ikehu-waiwai i huiʻia. Ma ke kelepona hele ka hanu nā ua hua mai la i "lawe" - oxaloaceticʻakika (SCHOK). A laila condensation me ka "lawe" ho'ā 'ia paha i koe aceticʻakika. Aia tricarboxylicʻakika - citric. Iloko o Nine Inch reactions, aia no he "huli" koena i loko o aceticʻakika kalapona. No kēlā me kēia lātoma o pyruvicʻakika ua hanaʻia he umikumamawalu nā lātoma adenozintrifosfatnoyʻakika. I ka pau ana o ka pōʻaiapuni ka mea, ua kuu ae "lawe", i reacts me ka hou nā lātoma ho'ā 'koena aceticʻakika.

Krebs pōʻaiapuni naoh

Inā ka hopena huahana o anaerobic digestion o carbohydrates mea lacticʻakika, ma lalo o ka aoao o lactate dehydrogenase ua oxidized e pyruvicʻakika. Part o na nā lātoma o pyruvicʻakika o ka hoʻololi kemikala o "lawe" SCHOK i alakaʻi ai pyruvate carboxylase'ūhū ma ke alo o Mg2 + Ion. Part pyruvicʻakika nā lātoma mea he kumu o ka "ʻeleu'ākeka" - atsetilkoenzima A (acetyl-CoA). Ke naoh ua lawe mai ma lalo o ka aoao o ka pyruvate dehydrogenase. Acetyl-CoA he ikehu hoopaa, i accumulates puni 5-7% o ka ikehu. Ke bulk Nine Inch ikehu hua mai ma'okesaside o "ʻeleu'ākeka".

I alakaʻi ai tsitratsintetazy hoomaka functioning pono Krebs kalapona, e hiki aku ai i ke kahua o citrateʻakika. Kēiaʻakika Ua 'ole akonitat hydratase dehydrogenated, a hoohuliia mai i loko o ka Kisa no-aconiticʻakika i hope hou ana o ka wai lātoma hele i loko o isocitric. Ma waena o ka tricarboxylic nāʻakika ekolu hōʻeuʻeu equilibrium ua hoʻokūpaʻa.

Isocitricʻakika ua oxidized e oxalosuccinic, i ua decarboxylated a ua hoohuliia mai i ka Alpha-ketoglutaricʻakika. Ke naoh Ua catalyzed ma ka'ūhū isocitrate. Alpha-ketoglutaricʻakika ma lalo o ka aoao o ka'ūhū 2-oxo- (Alpha-keto) -glutaratdegidrogenazy decarboxylated, kūpono ana ma ke kahua o ka succinyl-CoA ec ka ikehu hoopaa.

I ka hiki mua succinyl-CoA ma ka'ūhū succinyl-CoA synthetase? Aaeaao ka ikehu hoopaa GDF (guanozindifosfatnoyʻakika). GTP (guanozintrifosfatnayaʻakika) ma lalo o ka aoao o ka'ūhū adenylate hoouna GTP-ikehu hoopaa AMP (adenozinmonofosfatnoyʻakika). Krebs kalapona: haʻilula - GTP + AMP - GDP + ADP.

Succinicʻakika ma lalo o ka hana o ka'ūhū succinate dehydrogenase (LDH) ua oxidized e fumaric. SDG coenzyme ua flavin adenine dinucleotide. Fumarate i alakaʻi ai fumaratgidratazy'ūhū ua hoohuliia i loko o malicʻakika, i ka huli ua oxidized e lilo SCHOK. Ma ke alo o ka reacting'ōnaehana acetyl-CoA SCHOK hou hui pū i loko o ka tricarboxylicʻakika kalapona.

Penei, hoʻokahi lātoma o ka monakō koko ua hana i 38 nā lātoma o ATP (elua - ma muli o ka anaerobic glycolysis, eono - like me ka hopena o ka'okesaside o nā nā lātoma o NAD · H + H +, i mea hana i ka glycolytic oksireduktsii a me 30 - ma muli o ka TCA). CTLs ka hoʻokōʻana o ka 0.5. Ke koena o ka ikehu ua dissipated me ka wela. Ke TCA Ua oxidized 16-33% lactateʻakika, i ke koena o kona nuipa mea i loko o ka resynthesis o glycogen.