Kūloko, a mawaho hanu hōʻike kiko'î a me ka hana

An makua i kēlā manawa kēia manawa, mai he umikumamaha, a hiki i ka iwakalua o ka breaths, a me na keiki, ke kaumaha ma muli makahiki, hiki i ka e mai ai i kanaono breaths no na ia loihi o ka manawa. Kēia unconditioned reflex, i kōkua i ke kino, e ola. Kona manaʻo hele ma o aku o na palena o ko mākou hooponopono a me ka naauao. Mawaho a me na hanu a pau i ka ai-kapaia memo. Ua hana ma luna o ka loina o ka manaʻo. Inā na keena e,ʻaʻole i lawa ka oxygen, i ke kino maoli o ka uku o ka hanu, a me ka hope versa.

ka wehewehena

Hanu - keia slozhnoreflektorny ana hana. He 'oi aku ka ikaika koko kinoea. Ua ninoieo a ekolu anuu a me nā loulou: mawaho hanu kinoea halihali a me ka'aʻaʻa saturation. Ole ke'ākoʻakoʻa ma kekahi kahua. He mea hiki ke alakai i ka hypoxia, a hiki i ka make. An mawaho ka hanu - o ka mua koe ma i kinoea, e loaa hou i wahi ma waena o ke kanaka a me ke kaiapuni. Mua, i ka lewa komo na alveoli. A ma o ka ae mua eiei? I loko o ke koko no ka amo ana i nā'aʻaʻa.

Keʻano papa hana o ka o oxygen komo i ke koko ma muli o ke koena unuhi i loko o hapa puʻe o kinoea. E loaa hou mai ia lŘlŘ ma ka lehulehuʻano piʻina. I mea koko me ka maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona'okikene lua ma ka haiia Eʻoluʻoluʻoe i ka lawa ka nui o ka oxygen, a me ka hope versa. Ka poʻe'aʻaʻa ka hanu nā mea i kēia: i oxygen mai i ke koko i loaʻa i loko o ka cytoplasm o ka halepaahao, a laila, hele ma ka moʻo o Nine Inch reactions, i kapaʻia ka naehana kaula. Ultimately, heʻike ākea Kanal ua lako i carbon dioxide a me nā metabolic huahana.

ea haku mele 'ana

Mawaho ka hanu nā mea he ikaika kaukaʻi ma o ka haku mele 'ana o ka lewa. I ka lalo o ka oxygen ma na loko ia, o ka emi mai paha, e lilo breaths. Maʻamau, ka hola o ka haku mele 'ana o ka lewa:

• naikokene - 79,03%;
• oxygen ma - 20%;
• i carbon dioxide a - 0,03%;
• a pau nā kinoea - 0,04%.

Ma ka Exhale, ka lākiō o māhele o kekahi mau loli. O carbon dioxide ua mahuahua ia 4%, a ua hoemiia i oxygen like nui.

Ka 'ole o ka naehana'ōnaehana

mawaho hanu'ōnaehana mea he moʻo o paipu interconnected. Mua noho i loko o ka alveoli, i ka lewa hele i lōʻihi ke ala, e malama mehana a me ka mōakāka. Ua pau hoomaka me ka nasal ala. Ka mea, eia ka mua ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai i ka lepo a me ka lepo. Lauoho e waiho ma ka nasal mucosa, aua nui (particles), a me ka pili loa kaulike wahi mehana.

A laila hele mai ka nasopharynx a me ka oropharynx, ma hope o ia mau mea - o ka larynx, trachea, ka papa kuhikuhiE bronchi. Ka hope, ua māheleʻia i loko o ka pono a me ka haʻalele lobes. Ka mea, lālā mai, ho okumu i ka bronchial laau. Ka mea uuku bronchioles i loko o ka hopena i ka laholio eke - alveoli. I loko nō o ka mea i ka mucous naʻau i ka Hawaiian Airlines a pau, kinoea, e loaa hou i wahi ma ka hopena o ia wale nō. Ka ua hanaʻole makahiki ua kapaia make. Maʻamau, kona nui hiki mai i hoʻokahi haneri a me kanalima ka pono.

naehana pōʻaiapuni

A ola i ke kanaka ka hanu ua paʻa i loko o ekolu kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao: inhalation, exhalation a me ka e kakali. Ma ka manawa o ka pau kaʻina i ma kahi o elua a me ka hapalua i umi kekona a oi. Kēia mea he nui loa kanaka kiko'î. An mawaho hanu hilinaʻi nui pili kēia ma luna o ka papa ma i ka meaola noho, a mai kona noho ana mai o ola. No ka laʻana, loaʻa nō i nā mea e like me ka mämä a me ka ÷ naehana hanu kōmi. Ka mea i hoʻoholo 'ia ma ka helu o ka neʻe' ana o ka pahu i loko o kekahi minute o ko lākou Ana. Ka hohonu o ka hanu nā hiki ke nānā 'ia e ana i ka buke o exhaled ea a me Beritania o ka umauma ma inhalation a me ka exhalation. Ke kaʻina Ua 'ano mea.

Hanu ia lŘlŘ i contraction o ka diaphragm a me ka intercostal nāʻiʻo. Noke puʻe ua hana ma keia wahi, e like "e hānai i" ke ea i loko o ka ia maʻiʻaʻai. Ma keia hihia, no ka pahu Hoʻonui i ka pono. Exhale o ka mea ku pono ia: na nāʻiʻo hoʻonānea, ka alveoli paia kamaʻilioʻana i pakele o ka hyperextension, a hoʻi i kona kikokikona moku'āina.

pulmonary hoʻokomo ea

A like o naehana kuleana pili i ua kokua mai oia i ka noiʻi maikaʻi maopopo keʻano papa hana o ka hooulu ana o ka nui helu o nā maʻi. Ka mea i hōʻike 'he lala kaawale o ka lapaau - pulmonology. He mea mau ana hoʻohālike e a kālailai ka hana ana i ka ÷ naehana hanu nenoaiu. mawaho ka hanu nā nā hoailona i oleʻoʻoleʻa nui. Ka mea, e oko ma luna o ke kumu paha o ka Kumukanawai, na makahiki a me ka moku'āina o ke ola:

1. Pale 'la ka leo (ML). Keia dala o ka lewa i kekahi kanaka ke hanu i loko, a mai wale. Kūmau - mai ekolu haneri a me nā haneriʻehiku ka pono.
2. Inspiratory hookoe buke (nā haʻawina). Kēia lewa, i mea nō e hiki ke hoonui i na ia maʻiʻaʻai. No ka laʻana, inā ma hope o ka nanea wale breaths noi aku i ke kanaka e lawe i ka hanu nui.
3. Expiratory hookoe buke (mākaʻi 'Oihana). Kēia buke o ka lewa e koe i ka maʻiʻaʻai, ina ma hope o maʻamau exhalation e hohonu. He mau oeeo? E ma kahi o kekahi, a me ka hapalua nā lika.
4. Koena ka leo. Keia dala o ka ea i koe i loko o nā maʻiʻaʻai ma hope o ka hohonu exhalation. Kona nui - mai ka tausani a hiki i ka umikumamalima haneri ka pono.
5. Lau mua huahelu pu lakou i ka nui akemāmā 'auhau. I na kanaka, ka mea, ua like pu ia elima nā lika no na wahine - ekolu a me ka hapalua.

Pulmonary hoʻokomo ea o ka holoʻokoʻa ka leo o ka lewa e ae ma ka maʻiʻaʻai i loko o kekahi minuke. Ma ka makua ola kanaka wale nō, keia huahelu hoʻolahalahai ma puni ka eono -ʻewalu nā lika. A like o naehana hana pono ole wale kanaka me ka maʻi, akā, i 'âlapa, e like me na keiki (ka oi aku premature na kamalii uuku). Pinepine ia ike ua pono ai ka mālama nui malama, i ka wa a ka hoʻomanawanui ua hoololiia no ka ventilator (ʻimi hoʻopunipuni ka hanu nā) a wehe mai ia.

Ano maʻamau hanu

mawaho hanu papa hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke 'ano o ke kaʻina hana. Like pono me ka kumukānāwai a me ka hoohanau ana o ke kanaka. Elua ano hiki ke kapa hoʻohanohano ma ka naehana pahu? Anoe? Iaoia:

• Umauma, i ka wā i ala penei. He Kīwala'ō i loko o nā wāhine.
• Abdominal ka wā o ka diaphragm flattens. Kēia ʻano o ka hanu mea oi hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o nā kānaka.

Aia o kekahi poʻe'ē heʻano, ka wā 'ole i nā mea a pau Muscle pūʻulu. Kēia huahelu He kū hoʻokahi. Ua hilinaʻi nuiʻAʻole wale i hoohanau, akā, no hoi ma ke kanaka i ka makahiki, e like me ka ka hoʻoneʻe o ka pahu ma luna o nā makahiki emi. Ua loli ai ia ia, a me ka hana: no ka paʻakikī i ka hana, i ka oi prevalent ka abdominal type.

Pathological ano o ka hanu

Nā hoailona o ka mawaho ka hanu nā hoʻololi a loa i loko o ke alo o naehana pilikia maʻi pale. Ia mea,ʻaʻole he okoa maʻi, akā, e aho ia i kaʻilihune o ka pathology o nā nā loko: naau, maʻiʻaʻai, adrenal glands, akepaa, a me nā konāhua. Cider hele i loko o nā huʻi a me ka maʻi ano. Eia hou, ka mea, ua maheleia i hoailona ia mea:

1. Obstructive. Pokole o ka hanu akaka ma luna o ka hanu.
2. Restrictiveʻano. Pokole o ka hanu akaka ma ka Exhale.
3. I hui pūʻia. He nui ka maʻi ke kahua a me ka loaʻa o ka mau koho mua.

Eia hou kekahi, malaila i kekahi mauʻano o'āno'ē ka hanu, a i ole nākiʻi i ka kekahi maʻi:

• Cheyne - Stokes. E hoʻomaka ana mai o ka 'ilikai, ha deepens a me ke kiʻekiʻe i ka lima a me ka hiku o ka hanu ihoiho maʻamau nā loina. A laila, hou ka mea i hiki ole no ia a me ka superficial. I ka pau ana o ke kakali mea pono i hiki mai - he mau kekona ole ana. Ua lŘlŘ i na kamalii uuku me ka lolo poino, intoxication, hydrocephalus.
• Kussmaul hanu. Kēia mea he hohonu, walaʻau hanu a me ka pohihihi. Ua lŘlŘ i hyperventilation, acidosis, diabetic coma.

Pathology mawaho ka hanu nā

Kue ana mawaho ka hanu nā lŘlŘ like i loko o ka maʻamau functioning o ke kino, a ma ka noho pilikia wahi, i hiki:

1. Tachypnea - He ano kahi o ka naehana uku oi aku mamua o ka iwakalua manawa i loko o ka minuke. I kekahi manawa, nā physiological (ma hope o ka haawe ana, i loko o ka stuffy lumi) a me ka pathological (maʻi o ke koko, kuni, hysteria).
2. Bradipnoe - he ke nānā hanu. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO me ka neurological maʻi, a mahuahua nui intracranial puʻe, cerebral edema, coma, intoxication hou pili.
3. Apnea - wa e kaawale aku ai cessation o ka hanu. Ua hiki e ma muli o ka lōlō o ka ÷ naehana hanu nāʻiʻo, kaʻapu kōheoheo, poo ino a cerebral edema. No hoi ke hookuu aku oia i kekahi symptom o ka hiamoe apneas.
4. Dyspnea - pokole o ka hanu (dysrhythmia, alapine (frequency) a me ka hohonu o ka hanu). Ua lŘlŘ ka wā excessive physical stress, bronchial asthma, maʻi obstructive bronchitis, hypertension.

Where na ike e pili ana i na ano o ka mea mawaho hanu?

mawaho ka hanu nā like e halihaliia oia iwaho no ka lapaʻau 'ana hana e Loiloi i ka iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai kūlana o ka holoʻokoʻa nenoaiu. E hoomanawanui i ka poe i haule i loko o ke kamepiula pae, e like me paka a me nā palapala hanalima poe hana pela hōʻike i ka welelau o ke keʻenaʻoihana maʻi. No ka surgeons a me anesthesiologists moku'āina o keia kuleana pili i mea nui i loko o ka hoomakaukau ana i ka hoʻomanawanui iʻoki kino. Hōʻeuʻeu like o ka mawaho ka hanu nā ua lawe mai, e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka auhau o ke kīnā o ke kino a me ka hiki i ka mau. No hoi ma dispensary kilo me ka naau a akemāmā maʻi maʻi o nā mea maʻi.

'ano o ka noiʻi

Spirometry - he ala e Loiloi i ka kūlana o ka naehana'ōnaehana i ka olelo o kaʻike mau a me ka hoʻoikaika pau a me ka exhalation no 1 kekona. I kekahi manawa, ma ka mea e alakai i ka PalekanaEND_LINK hoao ana me ka bronchodilator. Kona o Mānoa, ke moe ia ma ka oiaio i ka hoʻomanawanui hele mua hookolokolo ana. A laila, e loaʻa ana lāʻau e dilates ka bronchi. A ma hope o 15 minuke hou ae i ka mahele. Nā hualoaʻa i hoʻohālike. Ka hopena o ka reversibility a irreversibility o airway maʻi.

Kino plethysmography - ua lawe mai i ka Loiloi i ka pono nona iho o na ia maʻiʻaʻai a Hawaiian Airlines o aerodynamic e kū'ē'ē mai. E hana i kēia no ka hoʻomanawanui pono Inhale ea. Ua ua ke aupuni 'o ka hōʻailonaʻia ke keʻena. A pau keia helu ua palapala ole wale kinoea, akā, i ka ikaika a me i ka mea, ua ana, a me ka ea pele kōmi.