Ano o ka hanu i loko o kānaka

Hanu - he nui physiological kaʻina, me ka i ia mea,ʻaʻole e hiki kanaka haʻawina. Aie i ka hoʻokumuʻano papa hana o na keena lako me ka o oxygen, a hiki komo i loko o ka pūnao. Ano o ka hanu loli aʻe ke kaumaha ma muli mea nāʻiʻo a me nā loko komo i loko o ke kaʻina.

ha physiology

Ha pu ma alternately inhalation (oxygen hokii) a me ka exhalation (hoʻokuʻu ke kalapona'okikene lua). Ma ka pōkole manawa he mea he lākou no keʻano o ka hanaʻana ma waena o lākou. Ka mea hiki ke maheleia i loko o ka, penei ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka hanu.

• mawaho (hoʻokomo ea a me ka maholahune o kinoea i loko o ke akemāmā);
• ka oxygen amo;
• 'aʻaʻa ka hanu.

Mawaho ka hanu nā hoʻolako i nā kēia keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

1. hoʻokomo ea - ea kahe ana ma ka naehana'āpana, ua huakaʻi o, e lilo ia kai mehana a me ka wahine holoi.
2. Kinoea mail - i wahi i loko o ka pōkole au o ka cessation o ka ha (ma waena o exhalation, a me ka hou hanu). Me ka hoonohonoho hou komo ai na alveoli a me akemāmā capillaries. Koko kahe ana ma ka alveoli i loko o ka capillaries, a ua paʻa kūhohonu loa me ka o oxygen, a hohola ma ke kino. O carbon dioxide ua kaʻi aku hoʻi, mai ka capillaries i loko o ka alveoli a me exhalation excreted.

Ka loiloi mua ka hanu nā pae paipai 'ia ka hoolilo ana o oxygen, mai na alveoli i loko o ke koko a me ka hoʻomāhuahua ana o ke kalapona'okikene lua i loko o ka pulmonary vesicles no ka hope hoopau mai i ke kino.

Amo a me ka pūnao hope result

Transporting koko kinoea mea ku pono i ka erythrocytes. Ka mea, e lawe aku i oxygen i na nā'aʻaʻa o nā loko, kahi hou pūnao hoʻomaka.

Maholahune i loko o nā'aʻaʻa wehewehe aku ma ke kaʻina hana o ka'aʻaʻa ka hanu. He aha aʻole ia ke ano o? Erythrocytes i pili me ka oxygen ma hanaiia i loko o ka'aʻaʻa, a laila, i ka'aʻaʻa loli. Ka poʻe mea hoʻoheheʻe o carbon dioxide kolo ana hoʻi i nā alveoli o na ia maʻiʻaʻai.

Ma hope o ka interstitial loli komo i ke keena koko. Hoʻoholo i Nine Inch keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka splitting o ka mahuaola. Ka hope loa'okesaside huahana - i carbon dioxide a - hou komo i ke koko i loko o ka palapala o ka pāʻoihana, a ua hoololiia no ka alveoli o na ia maʻiʻaʻai.

No mea i 'ano o ka hanu ua hoʻohana' kanaka meaola 'ia metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka ia. nāʻiʻo hana apono 'oe e hoʻololi i ka buke o ka pahu,' ole. E, e hana inhalation paha exhalation.

I ka waiwai o ka Muscle i loko o ka naehana keʻano o ka hanaʻana

Ano o ka hanu kūpono mai contraction o na nāʻiʻo o nā wahi likeʻole o ka spine. Naehana nāʻiʻo e hāʻawi i ka rhythmic loli i loko o ka buke o ka pahu lua. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ko lakou oihana, ka mea, ua mahele ia i loko o inspiratory a me expiratory.

Ka mua 'ole i loko o ka lewa ana. Ke kumu nui nāʻiʻo o keia pae i: ka diaphragm, intercostal mawaho, maloko interchondral. Kākoʻo inspiratory nāʻiʻo lakou i ka hulili, umauma (nui a me ka meaʻuʻuku), sternoclavicular (mastoid). Ma exhalation komo i ka abdominal nāʻiʻo a me na intercostal.

Wale mahalo i na nāʻiʻo hiki inhalation a me exhalation o ka lewa: mālamalama 'oe i ko lakou mau ka neʻe' ana. Aia e mau loa maomeka no ka hoʻololi 'ana i ka leo o ka pahu a me ke kōkua o ke Muscle contraction: i ka neʻeʻana o nā iwi aoao a me diaphragm, i mea na ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ka ha i loko o kānaka.

thoracic hanu

Ma keia ano o ka 'Imi komo i loko o ke kaʻina hana wale ka luna o na ia maʻiʻaʻai. Komo iwi aoao a me ka clavicle, ai ka thoracic ka hanu nāʻano ua puunaueia e ka iwiaoao a me ka clavicular. 'O kēia ka loa, he pono ole, akā, i ka mea maikaʻi loa ina hana like.

Iwiaoao hanu ua hana ka hoʻohana intercostal nāʻiʻo a ae o ka pahu, e hoʻonui i ka koi 'ia ka leo. Ma ka Exhale, e'opihia ka maloko intercostal nāʻiʻo, a me ka lewa hele mai. Ke kaʻina hana i wahi mililani aku i ka mea i na iwi aoao i ka hoʻoneʻe, a hiki i ka e hoʻoneʻe. Oia hanu maʻamau hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o ka wahine ke keka.

Clavicular hanu mea a pau mawaena o ka kūpuna no a hiki i ka emi ma ka akemāmā papa, e like me ka pono me, he pono ole i ka iniiaiie kula keiki. Ma ka Inhale o ka clavicle me ka pahu hookiekie, Exhale - ia. Ha me ke kōkua o nāʻiʻo sternoclavicular loa superficial, oi papahana no ka noho mālie, a ana aʻelaʻo ia pōʻaiapuni breaths.

Abdominal (diaphragmatic) hanu

Diaphragmʻano o ka hanu ua manaoia e e oi piha ma mua o ka pahu, ma muli o ia i ka lako hou iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka oxygen. Ke kaʻina komo i ka nui loa o ka buke o na ia maʻiʻaʻai.

Ua kōkua ai i nā hanu ana o ka diaphragm. Keia paku ma waena o ka abdominal a me ka pahu cavities, oia hoi o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa a me ka hiki ana o lawa ka ikaika hoemiia. Ma inhalation ka mea, e iho, kau aku la i puʻe ma ka peritoneum. A hiki aku oe Exhale, ma ka mea ku ole, e ala mai, ko iala na nāʻiʻo o ka abdomen.

Diaphragmatic hanu mea a pau mawaena o na kanaka, 'âlapa, poe mele a me nā keiki. E aʻo abdominal hanu mea puni hoʻi, aia nō he wahi lihi iki o ke kino, e kūkulu i ka mea e pono ai mākau. Ua mea waiwai ia e aʻo i kēia - ia ka a pau, akā, he mea abdominal hanu e leie aku ke kino, e hoʻolako i ka mea e like ai kupono i oxygen no ka palena iki helu o Pńk'pika.

Ua hana ia i loko o hoʻokahi hanu kalapona komo ai kanaka a me ka thoracic a me abdominal oihana. Hoʻonui iwiaoao, a me ka holo māmā a me ka puka. laila, i kapaʻia hui (huina) hanu.

Ano o ka hanu kaumaha ma muli o keʻano o ka neʻe 'ana o naehana hanu

Hanu mea e kaukaʻi ole wale ma luna o ka loli ana o nā pūʻulu o nāʻiʻo, akā, no hoi ma ia aʻe e like me ka hohonu, alapine, manawa wā mawaena ma waena o exhalation, a me ka hou hanu. Me ka pinepine, intermittent a me ka pāpaʻu hanu ia maʻiʻaʻai ka mea, aole i hiki maopopo ventilated. Kēia hana 'ano kūpono no ka koʻohune a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi.

Full hanu hana i ka lalo, waena a me ka luna o ka maʻiʻaʻai, a leie aku ia i ka piha holo pololei. E hoʻohana i nā mea a pau i ka pono keia mau mea ka leo o ka pahu, a me ke ea i loko o nā maʻiʻaʻai ua ka moʻolelo i loko o ka 'eleu kūpono,ʻaʻole i hiki i ka Kamakawiwo Ole nā palapala microorganisms. Man ke kuʻuna piha hanu, ka hoolaha aku ma kahi o 14 breaths no minuke. i hou aku 16 breaths no minuke ua waiho ia i mea e pono ai hoʻokomo ea.

Ole o naehana hanu ola

Ka hanu - i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka oxygen, i ua mau koi 'ia ma ke kino no ka maʻamau ola. Qualitative hoʻokomo ea koko hoʻolako lawa oxygen, noho haumāna kahi o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko'ōnaehana a me na ia maʻiʻaʻai lakou iho.

He waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka lokomaikaʻiʻia mai diaphragmatic hanu: i ka hoʻoilina nui loa a me ka piha, ia mea a he massages ka na nā loko o peritoneal a me ka umauma. Hou digestion keʻano o ka hanaʻana, i ka puʻe o ka diaphragm i exhalation stimulates pericardium.

hanu pilikia alakai i ka mea hōʻemi o metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana ma ke kelepona hele kiʻekiʻe. Toxins mai e hōʻike i ka manawa, e pili ana i ke 'ano o nā papa hana no ka hooulu ana i ka maʻi. Part o na mana kinoea mail hoololiia i kaʻili, ma o na la ia e anei, a me ka hooulu ana o dermatological ka maʻi.

Pathological ano o ka hanu

He nui na ano o ka'āno'ē ka hanu, a i maheleia i loko o nā pūʻulu ke kaumaha ma muli o ka pono o ka 'aʻe' ana i hoʻokomo ea. Dysregulation hiki i:

• bradypnea - naehana hanu kaumaha oihana, i ka hoʻomanawanui hanaʻia emi o 12 breaths no minuke;
• tachypnea - no hoi pinepine, a pāpaʻu hanu (oi ma mua o 24 breaths no minuke);
• gipernoe - pinepine a me ka hohonu hanu hou pili i ka mālama nui reflex a me ka humoral stimulation me maʻi likeʻole;
• apnea - ka? aiaiiuie cessation o ka hanu 'ana, ka hoʻopiʻi i ka emi ma excitability o ka naehana konu ma ka lolo lesions ole no i ka anesthesia, mea i hiki reflex naehana hopu.

Papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika hanu - he kaʻina hana ma i ka hanu 'ano' ē aʻeo me ka apnea. Elua ano o ka oxygen ma lako i loko o ke kino, i ka poe i kaheaia: Cheyne-Stokes ka hanu a me Biota.

First wehewehe aku ma ka hoʻoulu hohonu neʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻemiʻana i ka apnea ka loihi o 5-10 kekona. I ka lua o ka aoao o ka mea maʻamau hanu pōʻaiapuni, alternating me ka pōkole apnea. Ka hooulu ana o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika hanu hoʻonāukiukiʻana mai o kuhikuhi kāna hana o ka naehana waena o ka lolo ma muli o ka hewa a me ka maʻi.

Maʻi ano o ka hanu

Irreversible poino naehana kaʻina e ho'ōla alakai i ka piha cessation o ka hanu. Aia i kekahi mau manao o ka ona ha awina:

• Kussmaul hanu - hohonu a me ka walaʻau, wehewehe aku ma ka hihia o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana ma toxins, hypoxia, diabetic a me ka uraemic coma;
• apneysticheskoe - lōʻihi hanu a me ka pōkole ka hanu, ano o ka lolo eha, loaʻawahia 'ole;
• gasping breath-- hae hohonu hypoxia, hypercapnia, pohihihi keia breaths me ka apnea 10-20 kekona mua exhalation (, he pono ole i ka mea pathological Hawaii).

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka holomua resuscitation o ka hoʻomanawanui ka naehana hana hiki e hoihoi hou ia i ka maʻamau.