"Mudyug" (icebreaker). Kakolina diesel-uila icebreaker "Mudyug"

Russian Hawaiian laina ma ka Arctic Ocean mea ai nui i ka aina nele i ka'auwaʻa o icebreakers. Akā, icebreakers e hana,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka 'Ākau. Ka mea, hoopaa kahua a pau ka makahiki a puni, a me ke kūpaleʻana moana a me nā muliwai.

I ka moolelo o Lūkini icebreaker'auwaʻa

Ma ka akau muliwai o Rusia i lōʻihi hoʻohana hau-wawahi waapa. Ua kukulu ia ka mua moku icebreaker ma Kronstadt i ka 1864, a ua i loko o ka hopena o XIX kenekulia i kauoha aku hana icebreaker'auwaʻa. Ke kaulana icebreaker "Ermak", i ka manaʻo o ka ai no i ka Hope-Adimarala S. O. Makarovu a me ke kaulana nä känaka 'epekema D. I. Mendeleevu, i hoʻokumu i ka' ōlelo Pelekānia shipyard i ka 1897.

Oihana o ka Moana o ka Russian aupuni a pau i ka 1913, a hai mai i ka palupalu no ka hana o ka umikumamalua laina a me ka awa icebreakers. Ka honua ka mua laina icebreaker "Svyatogor" Ua kukulu ia i ka 1917 ma "Sir Armstrong a me K °" pāhana S. O. Makarova. Hope, ka mea i Kapa hou i ke, a hoomaka ae la e lawe aku i ka inoa "Krasin".

Ua kūkuluʻia ka mua Soviet icebreakers ma wahi lulu shipyards ma 1938-1941 makahiki. Ice'auwaʻa kaua o ka Soviet Union oia o na wahi lulu Aha, ke Beritania, Kelemānia, o Denemaka, a me ka Pinilana Junior? Ieoaeunoai.

Ke Soviet icebreaker'auwaʻa na mea i ka honua ka mua nukelea-mana icebreaker "Lenin" i ka 1959, ua kūkuluʻia ma ka Admiralty Shipyard.

Kakolina diesel icebreakers no ka Soviet Moku i kūkuluʻia ma nā shipyards ma Finland. Ka mea, ua mana a me ka moku kikokiko i "Moscow" a me icebreakers kikokiko i "Captain Sorokin" nona iho 16,2 MW papahana no ka navigating ma ka waha o ka Arctic muliwai a me nā wahi me ka papau hohonu ma mahana o -50 ° C, a me icebreakers o ka 'ano "Mudyug". Ma ka pau ana o ka Soviet moolelo o ka wahi lulu icebreaking'auwaʻa oia o 36 moku.

Mudyug mokupuni

Ma ka White Sea kokoke i ka waha o ka Northern Dvina River mea he moku o ka nui maoli ka maikai e,ʻo iauaeoia oo? Ecia a me ka nani, maʻemaʻe makani a me ke kai, a me ka weliweli mōʻaukala. Mudyug ia Arkhangelsk i kekahi kaʻakālai nui, o ka ia me ka Kronstadt i St. Petersburg.

Iloko o ka First World War, a ma ka hoʻomaka o ke Kanawai Kaua ua he lehulehu hoʻomoana hanaia ma ke kaua komohewa-o-, ka mea hope lilo a hoʻokuewa wale 'hoahewa ia o ka hale paʻahao. I ka i hoʻomoana ai, a laila, i ka halepaahao, ua inhumane rula, kahi mau ola, no laila, Mudyug i kapaia "mokupuni o ka make."

Ano, i ka mokupuni o ka mōʻaukala a me ka no?, I ka loaʻa o ka i koe iho o nā wahi hoʻomoana, a me ka o na halepaahao, e alakai beacon lighthouse i ka 1875, a me ka i kūkuluʻia i loko o 1938 lighthouse.

Kia i luahi o ka piʻiʻana, ua hoʻokumu 'ia ma ka hoomanao ana o ka poe make ma luna o ka mokupuni i ka 1928, mua i ka pohaku a me ka lepo pipili no hoi, a ma ka 1958 i UAIAaIN oia ma māpala.
ua kapaia o ka moku i ka inoa o ka mokupuni. "Mudyug" - he kakolina diesel-uila icebreaker nona iho o 7 MW, i kukulu ia i ka 1982.

Icebreaker "Mudyug"

Unuhina o keia inoa me ka Finno-Ugric - "meandering muliwai". Ka inoa, ma ka mau, pahuhopu nei me ka papa hana o ke kākoʻo icebreaker.

Ua Ua kūkuluʻia ma 1982 ma ka kaulana Pinilana shipyard "Wärtsilä" (Pinilana icebreakers wawahi i ka hau, oiai icebreaking'auwaʻa o ko ke ao nei), e like me nā 'ē aʻe icebreakers - "Dixon" a me ka "Magedala" - ma hope ona. He hoʻomaka kona 'oihana me he "Mudyug" e hana i loko o ka Murmansk moku Company, laila, i hoolilo ai i Arkhangelsk. I ka 1987, "Mudyug" Ua remade e ka Hawaiian papahana. Ka mua hapalua o ka icebreaker i loa kukulu hou ia, a me ka manawa o kona ihu kohu he kanaka nunui overshoe nui like 'ole. moku pahu lilo loa akea, akā, deteriorated agility, a me ka hou ihu, a i mua hoʻomohala no lahilahi hau o ic ?? ma Kuikilana, nele e uhai i ke ao ka hau o ka Arctic. A Ua hoolilo ia St. Petersburg ke kākoʻo icebreaker i loko o ka North-West lālā o Rosmorport.

Ano, eʻoki i ka opiopio hau ma luna o ka Fairway i loko o ka Neva Bay, a me ka loloa o ka wai maemae ma hope o ka mea no ka pilotage mea akea a me ka palahalaha.

hiʻona icebreaker

Mea nāna i kākoʻo icebreaker "Mudyug" o ka North-West pa holoi Branch o FSUE "Rosmorport", wahi ia a hiki i ke awa o St. Petersburg. "Rosmorport" 'aha hoʻokolokolo hōʻoia palekana kelena i loko o ka wai o ka Lūkini awa komo ma ka Baltic kai, a ma luna o nā hoʻokokoke mai iā ia.

Icebreaker me ka 'auhau o 7,3 MW hahau ana e hoʻomōhala ana i ka mämä holo i ka hamama ka wai o 16,5 knots. Kona lōʻihi o 111,6 mika, laula - 22,2 mika, kikoo - 6,8 mika, kiekie - 38 mau mika. Huina pohupani hale icebreaker - 8,154 tausani tons, hau-uhi - 115 kenimika.

Ice passability - i ka hiki ana o ka icebreaker e neʻe i piha engine ka mana i loko o paa hau, e hōʻike i ka hau o ka moku, a ana aʻelaʻo ia i ka i kā mākou mānoanoa o ka hau, i ka i ka ipu hiki e noke hoʻoneʻe i ka palena iki māmā.

E like me ka "Rosmorport" icebreaker "Mudyug" iwakalua-kumamalima lā ke ia i loko o ka hana nona iho hoʻokele, a me kona wahi o ka 'auʻau' ana ma o ka Baltic Sea 'aʻole e kaupalena'.

hookohu icebreaker

Kākoʻo icebreaker "Mudyug" papahana no ka kuokoa icebreaking moku nui, oa hoomoe ana Kanal maemae ka wai, hau-noa. No ka mamo lōʻihi hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka wai maʻemaʻe ma Kanal lōʻihi o ka icebreaker, "Mudyug" huakaʻi e lawe mai kekahi mau moku. Ua hiki no hoi ke kaula oka, i kekahi moku pakiko-propelled a me ka lana hale,ʻaʻole wale nō ma luna o ka hau, akā, i ka wai maʻemaʻe ma. Ka specificity o "icebreaker", a me ke koe he palahalaha Kanal, e leie aku ia i ke kaula oka, i nā moku ma ka lōʻihi kaula oka.

Kona lako a pan e leie aku e kinai ahi ma luna o nā mea a pau mea kanu,ʻaʻole wale nō ma luna o lana mea, a me ka hana e hana ia i kōkua i ka moku i ka pōpilikia, a me ka hau, a me ka wai hamama.

Hoʻokolohua ma ka modernization o ka hau-nalu

Initially, hau-uhi Wehewehe i nā hāʻina ma ka hoʻoulu i ke kaumaha o ka moku, a me ka 'auhau o kona mana mea kanu. Akā, e huli mai i ka Lolina ma i ka hau, ua okioki ma ka kekahi huina,ʻaʻole gags, e like me ka mea i oi ka hoʻokō. Ma keia kūikawā palapala o ka hinu hauna palapala e leie aku oe e pahu aku ai ma ka aoao o ka moku e oki i ka hau, ma lalo o ka hau e ku, e waiho ana ma ke kua o ka icebreaker maemae loloa o ka wai, aole i ka ke koena o ka hau, i ole na moku hiki ke hele aku.

West German poe "Thyssen-Waas 'haawiia i ka holomua hana o ka modernization o ka hau-nalu" pono ai ka noho Valdek "a me ka" Mudyug "loaa e rework. Elongated ihu kuleana, a nui iho la ia i hūnāʻia ma lalo o kona hoopaa hoi i kekahi hapa o ka heleuma hawse na ohe, a haawi aku la ala kunokunou i kapa aku ai i ka icebreaker "galosh" a "puka ihu".

No ka iloko kai hoao ana i loko o ke kau wela, ka hau ma ka Manuela Josef wahi o ka Honua i ole loa mānoanoa o ia mea, a me nā ho'āʻo ma haawi kupono hopena. Akā, ma ka hooilo ma ka mea hiki pilotage ka 'ilikai i mua i manaoia mā. Astern wawahi hau neʻe aku i nā mea a pau i hiki ole, a ma ke alo mea i jammed me ka hau. Eia hou, ua hōʻike i nā glaciologists i nunui-makahiki hau me hummocksʻoki hiki ole, i kue i ka hoʻokahi-makahiki, a oki i ka "Mudyug" ho'āʻo ma. Icebreaker e ho'ōla hoololiia i ka Baltic kai.

Kuʻu icebreakers

I ka wā kahiko May 2014 paa icebreakers ahaaina. Ua Ua paʻa i loko o St. Petersburg, oia ua i ka mua i loko o ke ao nei, a ua hoolaa i ka sesquicentennial o ka icebreaker'auwaʻa o Rusia. Petersburg i ka hili icebreakers. Wale i ka lā mua o kaʻahaʻaina i kipa ia e oi aku mamua o umi tausani kanaka. Ke kaulana Artic icebreaker "Krasin" me ka waiwai a me ka'ōlohe wiwo mōʻaukala; Port icebreaker «Ivan Kruzenshtern", kapaʻia ma hope o ka nui hele'akimalala ina Kruzenshtern; kekahi o eono icebreakers, i kapaʻia ma hope o ka mea kaulana Soviet luna "Captain Zarubin"; Hoikehonua, icebreakers me ka hoʻopakele lako a pan no ke ahi kinai pū i loko o ke kai e hamama ana, a me ka kaua e kū'ē i ka aila kahe aku ka waina "Moscow" a me "St. Petersburg" - i loko o ia he kupanaha wahi ua pono no ka hana "Mudyug" icebreaker no pilotage i loko o ka ke kūpaleʻana moana.

Ka lua o ka manawa i ka ahaaina i paʻa i loko o May 2015. He Ua hoʻolaʻa i kona seventieth A ia la aku, a hoʻomanaʻo i komo Polar convoys iloko o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua. Hou, St. Petersburg ua hana hoʻokipa i ka parade o icebreakers. Ma waho aʻeo ia hope makahiki ka i komo, icebreaker "Krasin", "Ivan Kruzenshtern", "Mudyug" a me ka "Moscow", komo i loko o ka ahaaina "Nevskaya Zastava" a me ka "Captain Sorokin."

Wā e hiki mai Lūkini icebreaker'auwaʻa

Ano nui i ka polokalamu moku'āina e pili ana i ka hou icebreaking'auwaʻa o Rusia, mai loa nei moku e e palapala aku.

kūkulu Including e e kakolina diesel-uila icebreakers: laina e hana i loko o ka Arctic, i ka mana ma luna o nā pua ma ka a - 25 MW; Line no ke kūpaleʻana kai nona iho o 16-18 MW; kōkua iā ia, me ka 'auhau o ka 7 MW, e like icebreaker "Mudyug".

Class icebreaker LK-25D hiki ai, ke kūapoʻana i ka icebreaker "Krasin" a me ka "Adimarala Makarov", ka hoʻolako 'ana ma ke kau hoʻokele a me ka haawi ana o moku o ka moku ma ka hikina, a me ka makahiki a pau e kokoke mai - i loko o ke komohana Arctic aina, ma ka Yenisei.

Icebreakersʻano LK-18D, a i manaoia e puku i na moku o "Captain Sorokin," hiki i ole wale ka halihali ana ma ka hikina Arctic a me kaʻAʻole loa Hikina, akā, i loko o hou i olelo mua iaʻi wahi i loko o ka Hōʻole akula Hikina kīʻaha.
Icebreakers kikokiko i LK-7D hele ole wale e puku i ke kākoʻo kakolina diesel-uila moku e like me "Mudyug".

hou hanauna icebreaker ua pono ai no ka hooulu ana o ka hou kuhikuhi o ke kalepa ma ka Hōʻole akula Hikina a me ka Arctic, a me ka hana hou awa a me nā maʻi.