Nest of bumblebees: kahi e ola ai nā bumblebees

'O nā'ōpiopio'o ka genus o ka hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)'ohana o ka pi. Ua'ike ka honua i 300 mau'ano.

'O nā'oko'a o ka genus Bombus, nona ka'oi aku o 80, i māhele'ia ma nā wahi a pau o ke ao nei, koe na'e no'Asalia.

Ma hea kahi e ola ai ka pi'a a pehea lā e hana ai nā'ohana? E hā'awi'ia nā pane i kēia mau nīnau i loko o ka puke.

Habitat

Ma hea kahi e ola ai ka bumblebee? E ma'alahi ka ha'i'ana i kahi e noho'ole ai lākou. 'O ka hiki ke mālama i ka wela o kona kino i'ae i kēia mau'ōpū e noho a mamao loa i ke kūkulu'ākau. Ho'okomo i nā'oponopono i Greenland, Chukotka, Novaya Zemlya a me Alaska. He aha ke kumu o ke kūpa'a pa'akikī o kēia mau'ōpū? Hō'ike'ia ko lākou kino i ka hiki ke ho'ohana i ka thermoregulation.

A i ka manawa like'ole,'o kēlā'ano'ano o lākou'a'ole ia e'ae iā lākou e pili i nā mea ho'omehana. Bumblebees noho ma North America, North Eurasia, a me ka mau o na kuahiwi. 'Elua wale nō'ano bumblebee e loa'a ana i nā nāohana o Brazil.

Nā'ano pokole o nā'ōpala

Bumblebees (hanaʻeliʻana nalo meli) e pili ana i ka ohana Apidae, e like me ka mau honeybees.

Ma ke'ano o ke ola a me ka ho'olālā kino, ua kokoke kēia'ōpala nui i ka bees. 'Oia'i'o,'o ke'ano o ke ola a me nā pūnana.

'O nā kāne, he'oko'a i nā wāhine, he mau antennae lō'ihi, a ua'oi aku ka nui o ka manuahi ma mua o ka hana'ana i nā bumblebees a ua loa'a iā lākou nā mikini kala.

He nui ko lākou kino, hiki i kahi lō'ihi he 3.5 cm, kahi i uhi maika'i'ia me ka lauoho. Ho'ohui nā'ano kele'ele i nā'ele'ele,'ula'ula, ke'oke'o a me ka'ula'ula.

Lalo, keʻokeʻo kino kekahi welau a me ka meaʻuʻuku, imperceptible i loko o ka maʻamau noho, ka hueloʻawa. Ho'opi ka dia hinde.

'O nā maka o ka'ōpiopio ka aneane ma ka laina ho'okahi.

'O ka pūpū a me nā kānaka hana kekahi mea hana. Aia kekahi'ōwili a me ka hīna'i.

Ua nui aku ka nui o ka uter ma mua o nā kāne a he male pa'a kona, e like me nā mea hana (aia nā wāhine i lalo).

'O nā'ōpiopio ka nui o nā mea'ono, he mea pa'akikī'ole, ke ho'ohālikelike'ia me nā pi. 'A'ole'ike iki'ia e pili ana i ka ho'ohui mele o ka lā'au'ona bumblebee. 'A'ole i ho'ona'auao maika'i'ia'o ia.

Ke olahana, ka hana

Mahalo wau i kahi e ola nei ka bumblebee? 'O nā'ōpiopio, e like me nā'ēheu'ē a'e, kahi hana kokoke i nā kauwela a pau, akā i nā'ano a pau, he'ano like kēia wā. Ho'oholo ia ma kahi o ko lākou noho'ana (ma nā latitudes ki'eki'e a ha'aha'a paha).

'O kahi hi'ohi'ona o nā bumblebees, ka mea e ho'oka'awale iā lākou mai nā mea pollinators (nā wela a me nā pi) no ka hiki iā lākou ke hana i ke anu (nā nectar kohi), ma nā mahana a hiki i ka 0 ° C. I kēia mau mea,'oi aku ka'oi aku o ko lākou hele ma mua o nā po'e pokepoke i ke kūkulu'ākau.

'O nā po'e e noho kokoke ana i ka'ākau, me kahi pōkole pōkole pōkole,'a'ole o lākou manawa e ho'oulu ai i ka'ohana a noho e like me nā'ōpala'ōlohelohe.

Ma nā'āina o ke anuanu kūlike, ho'omohala ka'ohana i kahi kauwela. Ma nā wahi'āpana'āina, ua ho'onohonoho'ia kekahi mau'ano e nā'ohana hanohano.

A ma hea kahi e noho ai ka bumblebee i ka ho'oilo? I kēia wā, noho lākou i nā hale papahele.

'O nā pūpū nui o ka'Uterine i loko o kā lākou mau lua i'eli'ia ma ka honua, a ma ka pūnāwai e kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana.

Pehea a hea kahi e ola ai nā lono a ola? 'O kēia mau mea'awa'awa he mea nani loa kahi i'ike'ia. 'A'ohe like me nā'oko'a like' ole, e ulu ana nā'ōpū bumblebee a hānai ma kahi ke'ena ho'okahi. I loko o nā pū'ali li'ili'i, hana ka wahine i nā lāpa'a o ka meli a me ka perga (hō'ailona honi) no ka manawa kūpono'ole.

Nā'ano o ke ola o ka lehulehu

Like me ka bees, nā bumblebees he mau'okena pāpili. Ho'onohonoho lākou i nā'ohana nui, helu'ia a hiki i 200 po'e.

Ma nā'ano kaiāulu, kahi e ola ai nā pi'a pi'o, aia kekahi mahele'ano kupanaha o nā kuleana no kēlā me kēia mema.

Ma nā'ano kūlohelohe,'o ka wahine, e like me ke kānāwai, kau i nā hua 200-400 no ka wehe'ana o nā mea hana, a laila ho'omaka'ia e kau nā hua, kahi e ulu ai nā wāhine a me nā kāne.

He nui nā'ōpiopio i kapa'ia he mau mō'ī li'ili'i ('o ia ka awelika ma waena o ka pūpū a me nā mea hana). 'O nā mea hope, me nā po'e hana a me nā'ōpū'u'uku, e kūkulu i nā pūnana, hō'ili'ili i ka meli a me ka pollen ('ai), a waiho i nā hua li'ili'i, kahi e ulu ai nā kāne wale nō. A mai nā hua hou i ho'ohui hou'ia, ua wehe'ia ka'ōpū i hou, a he mea hānai'ia e nā kāne.

No ka ho'oilo'ana, he'elemakule kahiko wale nō, e like me nā mea'elemakule e make ana, nā kāne, nā kānaka hana a me ke kōpiopio li'ili'i e make. Ua pale ka'ōpuni holo'oko'a.

He aha ka punana o nā bumblebees? Ma hea kahi e ola ai nā'ōpoki?

'O ka'ōpū kōpū, e like me ka mea i'ōlelo mua'ia ma luna nei, e'ike i ka nui loa o nā'eli i loko o ka honua, a i ka wā wale nō, i ka wā ho'omaha, ho'omaka lākou e kūkulu i ko lākou pūnana. 'O ka noho'ana he mau pūnaewele oval ka mea i hana'ia me ka'ula'ula'ula'ula a'ele'ele paha. Ho'okumu'ia ka pūnana ma waena o nā pōhaku, ma ka lepo ma lalo o ka pū, a pēlā aku.

Ho'ohana pinepine'ia nā pahu kani a me nā pahu kani me nā bumblebees.

'O ka manawa wale nō nā kinai mua loa o ka pūnana i loko o ka pa'akai, a laila, e like me nā pūpili hou, e lawelawe nā cocoons emaciated o ka pupae. Ho'opiha'ia nā pūnaewele piha me ka meli li'ili'i a me ka lepo lepo.

I ka manawa ma'amau i nā nūna'o'ole'a a hiki i 200 mau kānaka, i ka nui'ole - a hiki i ka 500.'Oia'i'o,'o nā kānaka i nā nests o ke kuhi me ka ho'oku'i'ana o ka ho'omehana mālama'ana e loa'a nā'ohana me ka heluna kanaka a hiki i 1000.

'O ka hānau'ana, ka mea'ai

Loa'a ka manawa a pau o ke kauwela, waiho ka maha i kāna mau pua i ho'ohui'ia. Ma hope iho, ha'alele lākou i nā mea hana, a laila ka'ōpū'u'uku. 'O ka mea ma'amau, ma kēlā me kēia pūnaewele kahi e noho ai nā bumblebees, waiho'ia nā hua. 'O kekahi o nā'ōpū e waiho ana i nā hua a make no ka nele i ka'ai.

Ho'opiha'ia ka ulu'ana o nā larvae i loko o 12 mau lā. A laila, ho'opīkī lākou i ka cocoons, kahi i lilo ai lākou i pupae. Ke hele nei kēia wā e pili ana i'elua pule.

I ka ulu'ana o ka ulu, ulu nui ka lahu a ho'onui i ke ke'ena. A ho'onohonoho mau nā wāhine a me nā mea hana, hana a ho'opa'a a ho'opa'a i ka hale. Ma hope o ka hala'ana o nā lā he 30 ma ka pūnana, e lawe'ia nā pa'ahana.

Mai ka ho'oku'u'ia'ana o nā mea hana mua, ua ulu nui ka nui o nā po'e e noho ana i ka pūnana. A ke ulu nei ka'ai, no ka mea, ua ho'ohana'ia kā lākou mālama'ana i nā pūnaewele huna'ole. A'o kēia kekahi o nā hi'ohi'ona o ke ola o nā bumblebees. 'A'ole loa lākou e ho'ohana hou i ka pūnaewele i mea e hemo ai ka'ōpiopio. No laila,'o nā pūnana'ele'ele he mau mea ma'amau wale nō. Ma nā pūnaewele i ho'opili'ia, nā'ōpala e kūkulu hou i nā mea hou, me ka nānā'ole i kekahi kauoha.

E hānai i nā mea kanu lā'au ne'i. No kēia mea e hō'ili'ili lākou ia mai nā'ano kala o nā'ano like'ole.

I ka hopena, kahi mea iki e pili ana i ka pi

• I nā manawa wela o ka'ōpokipihi ke'ike'oe i ka puka o ka pūnana, e'eli ana me nā'ēheu. Ma kēia'ano, ho'onāukiuki'o ia i ka pūnana.

• "Ke'ulu" ke kōkua i ka bumblebee e mahanahana - hiki ke pale i ka make wela a ho'emi ia i ka hapalua.

• E hiki i ka loiloi ke ho'onui i ka wikiwiki a holo i ka 18 km / h.

• Nona pīpīpī, e like me ka mea'ona momona,'a'ole ia e hō'ino i kekahi kanaka, no ka mea,'a'ole e waiho'ia kēia'ano lolo i loko o ka'ili o ke kanaka. Akā, hiki ke hana pinepine i nā manawa he nui.

• Kūkulu'ia kahi'oihana i kapa'ia'o ka pulupulu'ana o nā'ōpiopio no ka mahi'ai mahi'ai (ka ho'opili'ana i nā hua like'ole e ho'onui i ka hua).