'O ka hō'ailona o ka mea kila ma ka home

Ma muli o ka'ike'ana o nā kānaka i ka hana'ana i ke kila, ho'opa'i nā kānaka i ka pilikia nui o ka mālama'ana i ka pale o nā huahana huahua mai nā'ino'ino'ino. 'O ka huhū ka'enemi nui o kekahi'āpana kila a hiki i kēia lā. 'O ka ho'onui lō'ihi o nā'ano a me nā mea i hana'ia e pale aku i ka hō'ino'ana i ka hopena i ka hopena o nā hopena ma ka hakakā'ana i nā ka'ina hana kino. Akā na'e, hiki'ole ke hō'oia i 100% hewa'ole i ka corrosion.

Hiki ia'u ke hana i nā mea ma ka home?

I kēia lā, i waena o nā ala e hiki ai ke pale i nā mea hao mai nā hopena o nā mea'ino, pono ke'ike'ia ka phosphating. 'O ke kinona, ma hope o ka hana'ana i ka hopena ho'opi'i kūpono, loa'a iā ia ka ho'oikaika o ke kapa, e hiki ai ke ho'olō'ihi i ka manawa o kāna hana pololei.

'O ka palekana maika'i loa o ka hao mai ka'ūmū a me ka pala,'o ia ke uhi'ia o kona'ili me kahi ki'i pā'ani ke nānā aku. Ma ka home,'o ka phosphating o ka mea keleawe ke'ano hana'oi aku i'oi aku ka pa'akikī e pili ana i ka'ano o ka mea hiki'ole. 'Oia'i'o, ma hope o nā mea wale nō i nā hale kū'ai'oihana, aia nā mea pono kūpono, nā mea pono e koi'ia. 'O ka'oia'i'o, inā mālama'ia kekahi o nā rula a me nā kūlana, e hiki i nā mea i nele i ka ho'ona'auao'enehana ke ho'okō i ka hopena i makemake'ia.

'O nā mea kūpono e makemake'ia no ka phosphating

'O kahi pōmaika'i'ē a'e o ka home phosphating,'o ia kona kūpono: kahi hana ho'omalu palekana e hana'ia ma nā papa o nā mea āpau a pau, koe wale nō ke kila i ho'ohui'ia. Eia hou, ua kūpono ke kūlana o luna me ka kumu o ka peni hao. Ma ke'ano he mau mea no ka phosphating hua, ho'ohana'ia e:

• 'O Manganese;
• Zinc;
• 'O ka lipopona phosphorus.

Nā pōmaika'i o ka phosphate ma ka hao

'O nā'enehana hou o ka ho'ohana'ana i ka waiūpikōpikōpika phosphoric e hiki ai ke uhi i nā kinikona me ka li'ili'i li'ili'i -'a'ole i'oi aku ma mua o 5 micrometers. 'O kēia'ano hana ka'ina hana e kāohi ana i ka luku'ana a hā'awi'ia ka palekana mai nā hana o waho, e hō'oia ana i ka ho'omau'ana i ka ho'ohana'ana i kahi hua kila i nā kūlana, e like me:

• I ka waiwaena nui;
• Ma lalo o ka mana o nā mea hana'ino lā'au pa'akikī;
• I ke kūkā'ana me nā'aila pūnaewele;
• I ka nui elela eletise;
• Ma ke'ano he kumu ma lalo o ka pena a me ka uhi'ana i ke kapa.

'O ka Phosphating o ka mea ho'ohehe'e'ia no ka pehu e hā'awi pono i ka palekana pono o ka mea, akā, inā komo ia i loko o kahi'ele'ele a'aikai paha, e no'ono'o pono ka huahana. Eia kekahi, i ka wā e pena'ia ai kahi'ili hao, e komo hohonu nā mea pe'a pe'e i loko o nā papa o ka pī'ani palekana, a he ki'eki'e loa ka porosity. 'O ka maika'i o ke komo'ana o ka'iliahi o nā mea āpau kahi mea maika'i'ē a'e, e'ae ai i kekahi e'ōlelo ioe phosphating ma mua o ka pena'ana i ke kila.

Nā'enehana a me nā'ano o ka phosphating makamae

Ma mua o ka ho'omaka'ana me ka ho'olālā o ka papa pa'i ki'i, he mea nui e ho'omaopopo i ke'ano o ka mea e kau ai ka hao. 'O ka'enehana o ka metala phosphating me ka pena'ana o ka pena me ka pena'ana'a'ole i kūpono no ka ho'ohana'ana i ka home. Me ke kōkua'ana o ka lā'au lapa'au "Magef",'o ka hopena o ia mea ua piha i nā pahu nui i loko o ka'oihana, ua uhi'ia ka hao i kahi pale lahilahi, akā lō'ihi loa a hana. Piha encapsulated ma ka phosphating bata o ka mea hao 'atikala mea wela i ka ke kaupalenaʻana mahana, a refluxed no ka hora. Ma hope o kēlā, ua wehe'ia ka hao, hiki ke ho'oikaika pa'a'ia, e ho'opa'akikī, ma ka hopena o ke ka'ina hana, e ho'onui'ia ka papa me nā mīkini palekana a me nā mīkini lima.

Hiki ke kapa'ia ka ho'ohana'ana i ke ala i luna he pono wale nō ma ka ho'oponopono'ana i nā hale nui. 'O nā lawelawe like'ole no ka metala phosphating, i ho'olako'ia ma nā hale kū'ai kālaihana'oihana, e uku ka mea kū'ai i ka nui kūpono.

Pehea e ho'oponopono ai i ke kinona ma ka home: ke "anu" anu

No ka ho'olako'ana i nā huahana li'ili'i, ua'oi aku ka maika'i o ka huli'ana i ke kelehana ha'awina. 'O ke'ano o ka phosphating i ka mea ho'ohehe'e'ia me ka wai'aila spellic, a hiki i ka home e ho'omākaukau ai. No ka pane maika'i, pono ke mālama pono i nā hi'ona o nā mea ho'ohui. Eia nā'ao'ao o ka hopena ma ka lakio o ka nui o ka waiwai (i ka'āmiko) i ka 1 lita o ka wai:

• 'O ka Phosphoric acid -'a'ole i'oi aku i ka 40;
• 'O ka'eneki Nitric acid - e pili ana i 200;
• Zow oxide - 15;
• Sodium sulphate - 8.

'A'ole kahi manawa e ho'olō'ihi i ke ka'ina hana - ho'ohana'ia he hapalua hola e ho'omākaukau ai i ka hopena a me kahi ho'omehana huahana kūikawā. 'O kahi o nā koi nui, pono e mālama'ia i ka wā o ka hana hao,'o ka pololei kūpono o ka hopena a me kona mahana ('a'ole emi iho i ka +18 ° C a'a'ole i'oi aku ma mua o +25 ° C). 'O kēia hana e hiki ai ke loa'a ka phosphating makamae o ka mea kila ma ka home, akā,'oi loa kona maika'i ma ka mālama'ana i ka hua hao me ka ho'omākaukau'ana i ka "Mazef" -'o ka māmā'oi loa o ka mea pa'i ki'i, ma ke'ano he kūlana,'a'ole i'oi aku i 5 mau micron.

'O ke kinikona kemikaliko o nā'āpana hao

'O ka hapanui o nā'enehana no ka hana'ana i nā hua'ilila i kūpono'ole i ka mahalo i ka hana'ana, ho'ohana maika'i'ia e nā po'e amateurs. 'O kēia ka ho'ohana'ia'ana o ka hao, kahi e hō'ike ai i ka uhi'ia'ana o ka papalina me kahi ki'i pono e like me ke'ano o ka'āpana electrolyte a me ka manawa. Ke ho'okumu'ia ka kulekele o kēia'ano ma ka ho'ohana'ana i ka waiūpona phosphoric "Magef".

Ho'opili'ia kekahi'āpana electrode ma luna o ka hua hao e kaula'i'ia. Ho'okomo'ia ka ho'olōlā i loko o ka lumipaku me ka hopena i ho'omākaukau mua'ia, a ua ho'ohana'ia nā ko'iko'i zinc me ke anode - pono lākou e ho'olako'ia me ka uila. No ka ho'okō pono'ana,'a'ole pono ke koi'ana i ka metala i ka ho'ohana'ana i kahi papahana voltage, lawa 25 V AC a DC paha.

"Magef" - ka hana maika'i loa no ka ho'okumu'ana i ke kila i mua o ka pena

'A'ole ka lō'ihi o ke ka'ina o ka phosphating - ma ke kaulike, i ka hapalua hora. 'O kēia kūlana he mea kūpono ia no ka hana'ana i nā huahana li'ili'i laina ma'amau. No nā mea me kahi ho'ohālike geometric pa'akikī, pono e koho'ia kekahi'ano o ka'ōkuhi uila e pale i ka'ole o ka mahele o ke ki'i kaha. Ho'ohana'ia i ka hana a ma ka home, "Magef" kahi hana ki'eki'e ki'eki'e, me ka loa'a'ana o nā palapala hō'oia a me ka GOST e pili ana. 'O ka hō'ano'ana i ke kinona o ke kino ka'a kahi o nā kumu ma'amau o ka ho'ohana'ana i ka mea. No ka pale'ana o ka ka'a mai ka'ūpala, ho'ohana'ia ka "Magef" ma kēlā mau wahi, kahi e'ike'ia ai,'a'ole e lō'ihi ke paona (e like me ka mea ma lalo o ke ka'a).

No ka ho'omaka'ana i ka mīkini pālolo, lepo, lepo,'āpana o ka bitumen a ho'oma'ema'e maika'i i ka lepo. Hiki ke ho'omākaukau a ho'onohonoho pono'ia ka papahana hana, akā, e ho'opakele i ka manawa ae hā'awi i ka papa aerosol o ka ho'oku'u. I kēia hihia, ua ho'ohana'ia kekahi mau mea'ai i ka hao i hana'ia me ka polu. Akā'a'ole kēia kūpono o ka hā'awi'ana i kūpono i ka'ike'ole o ka'ike ma ka ho'olālā ki'eki'e - he mea nui loa e'ike i ke'ano o ka ho'ohana'ana i ka mele phosphate.

Nā'ōlelo ho'ohui no ka ho'ohana'ana i nā palapala phosphate

I ka hana'ana i nā'āpana'āpana li'ili'i me "Mage" hiki ke hiki a hiki i kahi ala wela o ke kau'ana i ka ki'i pa'i. Hiki ke ho'ohālikelike'ia kahi'ano'ē a'e i ka mea i loa'a'ia i ka hui'ana o ka nalu Zinc a me ka waiūpona phosphoric. I ka wā o ka ho'omākaukau'ana i ka pā nui,'a'ole pono e ho'opoina'ia kekahi manawa e pili ana i nā hana mālama kūikawā a me nā kula ha'aha'a:

• He mea pono e komo i nā maka pale pale.
• I mea e pale ai i ka lā'au make me nā mokumahu i ho'oku'u'ia, hana ma waho a i'ole ma kekahi wahi i hāmama.
• I ka pau'ana o ke ka'ina hana, pono'oe e holoi i nā lima i'ole e komo nā mea kinikona i nā pēpena mucous o nā maka, waha.

'O ka ho'opau'ia'ana o nā ma'i ma hope o ka phosphating o nā'āpana

'Oiai,'o ka phosphating o ka mea kila ma ka home,'a'ole ia ka hopena hope loa o ka mālama'ana i ka huahana. Ma muli o ka porosity o ka ho'oulu uila me ka hana hana, hiki ke ho'opā i kāna mau hana a me kāna hana, ua pau ka pā'ani keleawe. Ma ka hopena e hā'awi ana i ka'olu'olu a me ke'ano o ka uhi, ho'ohana'ia ka potassium dichromate a me ka sodium dichromate. Ma ke'ano o ka ho'opau'ana i ka hao, he mea nui e'ole e ha'alele i nā hō'ike wela: nā mea me nā phosphate pīpī e ho'opiha i nā haneli he 80-kūkū a kū i kahi no 20 mau minuke. Ma hope o ka hele'ana, ho'opili'ia nā huahana me ka'aila mīkini, a ma hope iho ua ho'ohana'ia ka hopena o ka'ōmole a me ke kalapona i loko o ka ratio o 1:10.

Pehea e nānā ai i ka maika'i o ke ki'i pale ma luna o ke kila?

'O ka hō'ailona o ka uhi i loa'a e pili ana i nā'ano i ha'i'ia,'o ia ke'ano o ka pōhaku cristaline a me ka hapa iki o nā pores. Ho'omaopopo pū ka hana i ka nui o ka papahana i ho'ohana'ia:'o ka nui o ke ki'i'a'ole e'oi aku ma mua o'ekolu mau kala i kēlā me kēia mika. Meter. Ho'opili'ia ke'ano o ka phosphating (ka hana'ana o ke kinona i nā pe'a'āpena), hiki i ka'ōkuhi e hiki ai ke pi'i i 7 μm, a ma ke'ano o kahi'ano anu o ka hana, e waiho ana ka papa lahilahi i ka li'ili'i iki, a no laila he'ano ha'aha'a.

'O kekahi mau'ōlelo e pili ana i ka huaku'i: pehea'oe e'ike ai?

No ka maika'i o phosphate ke kinona ma waho o nā mea hana, he mea nui e ho'olohe i nā mea i lalo:

• 'O ka māmā'oi loa e ho'omākaukau ai i kahi pīpī liphating, kahi e hiki ai iā'oe ke hana i nā wahi kūkākūkā,'o ia ka mea e like me kēia: e hui me "Majef" a i'ole ka mea homemade solution o ka waipika phosphoric a me ka nitina zinc me ka pa'akai - talc, ka lepo, kaolin. 'O ka mea nui,'o ia ka nānā'ana i ke kaulike (3 mau māhele o ka hopena no nā mea lā'au'eha).
• Ma nā kūmole phosphate, hiki ke ho'onui'ia nā mea me ka ho'onui'ia -'o kēia ka mea e mālama ai i nā ikaika i ka ho'omākaukau'ana no ka phosphatizing o ke kineta. No ka hana'ana i kēia, i ka 1 lita o ka wai, e ho'onui i 45 grams o ka sodium nitrate a me ka monophosphate sodium, a me ka hapa hapalua o ka pa'akai. Pono e ho'onui'ia ka manawa o ka loa'a'ana o ka hapa o ka'au'au phosphating.
• No ka ho'oku'u'ana i ka lepo mai ka'ili o ke kinikona, pono pono e ho'onui i nā polyphosphates polyphosphates i ka phosphoric acid. E ho'onui i ka maika'i o ka ho'oponopono i ho'omākaukau'ia e kōkua i kahi mea hana makuku kūikawā - e ho'oma'ema'e'ia ke kino o ka hao.
• 'O ka holomua o ka phosphating he mea i ho'okomo'ia i ka papa hana ho'omalu. Me ia,'o ka hana holo'oko'a he mea li'ili'i ka manawa.

Ho'oma'i'ia nā kūpona pipi o nā mea hao mai kekahi mea'ili

Me ka mana'o o ka hana like'ana o kekahi mau hana o ka phosphating polina he mea maika'i nui'a'ole ma ka'oihana wale nō, akā i loko o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, hiki i kēia lālā ke lilo i kumu kūpono no ka ho'onui'ana i nā'enehana ma'amau o ka koho'ana. Ma waho a'e o ka mālama kālā, i'ike'ia i loko o ka'ōpū o ka home, he nui nā'ano pono'ē a'e o kēia mālama'ana i ka hao. 'O kekahi la'ana, hiki i nā pūpū phosphate ke pale i ka luku'ana'a'ole wale i'ele'ele, akā, i nā'ala a pau (keleawe, cadmium, aluminika, a pēlā aku).

No ka pale'ana i ke kila mai ka'ūmumu i hana'ia e nā kumu o waho, ke kaulike, ke hana'ia ma hope koke iho o ke kū'ai'ana. I ke'ano o ka ho'okomo'ana i nā hua hao hao ma loko o kahi lumi me ka waipikipiki nui, hiki ke kau i kahi pale ma luna o ka lepo -'a'ole ia e lawe i kahi pilikia i ke keleawe, akā ma ka'oihana, loa'a iā ia kahi mea nani.