'O Kalinin Anatoly Veniaminovich, ka mea kākau mo'olelo a me ka po'omeni Soviet: biography, creativity

'O Kalinin Anatoly he mea kākau inoa Soviet, mea kākau a mea ho'olaha. He Ua hookoia ka Gorky uku, a i hookoia i ka helu ana i mau mekala, a hoʻolilo 'ia', i waena o ka poe: i ka Papa o Lenin, World War I 'ilikai, ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, Red Star, Peace o na kanaka a me na Hana Lima Red Banner. He 20 mau makahiki i lilo'o ia i hope no ka'aha kūkā ki'eki'e o Rusia. E pili ana i ke ola a me ka hana a kēia mea kupaianaha, e kama'ilio kākou ma ka puke.

Pilikanaka

'O Anatoly Kalinin (ka mea nāna i'ike'ia kēia mo'olelo e) e hānau'ia i ka makahiki 1916, i ka lā 22'o'Aukake. 'O ka wahi hānau o ka mea kākau mo'olelo ma hope mai,'o ia ka kauhale'o Kamenskaya (Rostov region), i lilo i kūlanakauhale'o Kamensk-Shakhtinsky i kēia manawa. Ma'ane'i, ma Don, ua hele ka'ōpiopio a me ka'ōpio o ka mea kākau mua. 'O ko Anatoly Veniaminovich makuakāne no Novocherkassk Cossacks a ua hana'o ia ma kahi kula kaiākea ma ke'ano he kumu, a'o kona makuahine he Kamenka Cossack.

Ua kani ke kupuna kāne Kalinin i ka mele o Cossack ma ka hale pule, a he leo maika'i loa kona. I ka ho'omana'o'ana i kona wā'ōpiopio,'a'ole hiki i ka mea kākau ke ho'omana'o iā ia ma waho o ke mele a kona kupuna kāne.

Ua hopohopo'o Kalinin i ka'ōlelo "Cossack" i kona wā li'ili'i'a'ole i ha'i'ia. Ua hopohopo nui ka mea kākau e pili ana i ke ola hou o nā mo'olelo a me ke'ano o ka noho'ana o ka Cossacks. A i ka wā o ke Kaua Nui Patterntic War Stalin i ho'opuka i kahi kānāwai no ke kāpili'ana i nā kino o Don Cossacks, ua'ike'o Kalinin e ho'omaka ana nā ola e ola. Ma kēia nalu, ua pa'i'o ia i ka makahiki 1943 i kahi mea i kapa'ia'o "Don Cossacks."

'O nā puke mua

'O Kalinin Anatoly Veniaminovich i kapa'ia'o Cossacks "ka iwi hope loa o Rusia,"'oiai'a'ole'o ia i māhele i nā Cossacks iā lākou iho i "non-roster" a me nā "registries". Akā, ma hope aku, akā, i kēia manawa, ua'ae'ia'o Kalinin i loko o nā pionia. I kona wā'ōpiopio, ua ho'omaka'o ia e kākau i nā hua'ōlelo no ka nohona kaiāulu a me nā māhele'āina ma Don i ho'olaha'ia ma nā nūpepa'o Pionerskaya Pravda a me Leninskie Vnuchata.

Ma ke'ano'ōpiopio, i ka makahiki 1930, hele'o Kalinin, me kahi papa hana, i nā kauhale a me nā māla'āina o Don, e alaka'i ana i ka hui'ana. A ma ka makahiki 1931 ua lilo ka mea kākau i kēia manawa i lālā Komsomol. Ma hope iho, ho'omaka'o ia e hana i nā nūpepa āpana a me nā'āpana o ka moku'o Kuban, Don, ma Kabardino-Balkaria.

'O Kalinin Anatoly i ka makahiki 1935 lilo i mea kākau o Komsomolskaya Pravda, e uhi ana i nā pilikia o Armenia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Ukraine, a me Don. A i ka makahiki 1941, ua hele mua ka mea kākau i mua o kona nūpepa ma ke'ano he mea kākau i ka nūpepa - ua pau loa'o ia i ka pau o ke kaua nui ma nā'ao'ao hema.

'O ka puke mua a me ka Kaua Nui Patriotic War

Ua ho'olaha'ia ka papahana mua o ka mea kākau i ka makahiki 1940. Ua lilo ia he puke i kapa'ia'o "Barrows". Ma kēia hana ua hō'ike'o Kalinin Anatoly i kahi mahi'ai ma'amau ma ka lihi o ka Cossacks. Ua kākau'o ia e pili ana i nā mea āna i'ike pono ai mai ka wā kamali'i: ke ola o Cossack, ka pa'ahana'āina, ka'ōlelo āpau.

I nā makahiki kaua,'o nā mea nui o kā Kalinin mau hana,'o ia ka mau kaiaulu kaiaulu, nā mea i'a'ahu i nā'a'ahu o nā koa, i ka manawa i kāhea aku ai ko lākou makuahine iā lāua. I kēia manawa ua ho'ouna'o Kalinin i nā mo'olelo no nā hanana like'ole ma Rostov, Mozdok, a me Stalingrad i nā nūpepa like'ole. A i ka makahiki 1943, ua pa'i'ia kahi puke o nā mo'olelo a ka mea kākau e kapa'ia "The Cossacks Go Westward". I ka makahiki 1944 ma nā'ao'ao o ka nūpepa "New World" ua pa'i'ia kekahi mo'olelo kaua ma "South", a ma ka makahiki 1945 - ka hana "Comrades". Ma hope mai, ma muli o kēia mau puke'elua, ua haku'o Kalinin i kahi mo'olelo nui e pili ana i ka ikaika o nā koa Lūkini -'o ka "Red Flag". Ua pa'i'ia ka hana i ka makahiki 1951 ma Rostov.

'O ke kau kūlana

I ka pau'ana o ke kaua nui'ole, ua ne'e'o Kalinin i ka mahi'ai'o Don Puhlyakovskiy. Eia ka mea kākau e haku i nā hua'ōlelo e pili ana i ka po'e noho o Don stanitsas: "Moon nights", "Behind the Rear of Backward Collective Farm", "Undying Roots", etc. A ma hope aku, e hui nā koa o kēia mau hana i nā mo'olelo a me nā mo'olelo'ē a'e o Kalinin.

Ma "Pravda" i 1953, ua pa'i ka mea kākau i ka hana "Ma waena o waena." Ma kēia mo'olelo, e kūkākūkā wiwo'ole'o Kalinin i nā mea ko'iko'i e pili ana i ka ulu'ana o ka'āina a me ke'ano o ka mana o ka pā. Ua mahalo nui ka mea kākau i kēia hana a me ka hua'ōlelo "Kupanaha Moon". Mana'o ka mea kākau mo'olelo'o lākou ka mea nāna i kōkua iā ia e hō'oia i ka pololei o nā kumu i wae'ia no kāna mau hana. Ua pane wikiwiki nā mea heluhelu i kēia mau puke - Ua loa'a'o Kalinin i nā leka he nui me kāna kāko'o i kāna kūlana.

I ka makahiki 1962, kākau'o Kalinin i ka puke'o The Forbidden Zone, e hō'ike ana i ke kūkulu'ana i ka Canal Volga-Don. Ke hāpai'ia kēia mau pilikia i loko o ka hana: ka ho'ona'auao'ana i kahi kanaka hou i loko o ka mana o nā mana'o lono; Ka ho'opa'i'ana i nā phenomena a me nā hana,'a'ole pono i loko o ka hui kaiaulu. 'O ka loiloi i ka hopena o ka hana ma ka mana'o o ka'ike kalakiko.

"Gypsy"

Akā,'a'ole ia he mahalo i kēia mau mo'olelo i ho'olaha nui'ia e Anatoly Kalinin. "Gypsy" -'o kēia ka hana i ho'onani i ka mea kākau. Ua ho'okumu'ia kēia puke mai ka nui o nā kiko'ī autobiographical. Ke kiʻi o ka papa kuhikuhiE ano, he gypsy Budulai ala ae la i ka mea kākau moʻolelo oiai ke kaua, ka wā i loko o ka haukapila, ike aku la ia i ka scout Roma makana i ka Papa Hanohano o ke Red Star o kekahi o ka Cossack luna. 'A'ole'o Kalinin i no'ono'o e kākau i ka mo'olelo, akā, ho'omana'o'o ia i ka mea no ka ola. A laila, i ka wā i ho'i aku ai kona'ao'ao kipi ma lalo o Malaya Belozyorka, ua'ike ka mea kākau i ka wahī lewa. 'Ike koke ihola'o ia i ka lawe'ana o kekahi wahine i ke pēpē,'o ia ka mea i ola. A ma hope o ke kaua, noho akula'o Kalinin Anatoly ma kahi e pili ana i kahi kahu'āpihi, a he kaikaina kona i kapa'ia'o Budulai.

Ma kāna mau hana a pau, ho'omau ka mea kākau i ka papahana o ka pū'ali, e hō'ike ana i ka pilina o nā hanana o ka wā i hala a ma kēia manawa. 'O kēlā mau hana, koe wale no ka "Gypsy", e komo pū nā puke "Field Dry", "No Return", "Echo of War". 'O ka mana'o nui o ka'ike'ana o kēia mau hana, ua ho'opau'ia ma ka pūnaewele o nā ki'i o nā koa - ua kū'ē ka mea kākau i nā kānaka, i hana'ia e ka Soviet system, a me ka po'e i ma'ule i ko lākou mau na'au no ka ho'onui a me ka mana.

'O nā makahiki hope o ke ola

I ka makahiki 1967, ua kākau'o Kalinin Anatoly Veniaminovich i ka puke "Rumble, beles!". Ua ho'oikaika'ia ka hana i nā hana maika'i a me nā pono o ka'ohana a me ka hānai'ana o nā keiki.

I loko o nā puke palapala, ua'ike'ia'o Kalinin i mua o ke'ano o ka loina Sholokhov. Ua'ae ka mea nāna i kākau i kēia, a ma ka makahiki 1964 ua ho'opuka'o ia i puke puke kākau e pili ana iā Sholokhov i kapa'ia'o "Veshenskoe Summer." A laila, i ka makahiki 1975, ua pa'i'ia kekahi puke hou e ka mea kākau - "The Time of the Quiet Don". A mai 1982 a 1983 ua pa'i'o ia i ka hō'ili'ili o nā hana a Kalinin.

Ua make ka mea kākau ma ka makahiki 2008, i ka lā 12 o Iune, ma ka pā kula'o Pukhlyakovskiy. Ua kanuia'o ia i loko o ka hale o kona hale iho.

Nā'Ōlelo na Kalinin Anatoly Veniaminovich

'A'ole i kaulana ka mele a Kalinin i kāna'ōlelo a'o. Akā na'e, ua kākau'o ia i nā mele a me nā poem. Eia hou, i loko o kona mau mana'o, ua kākau'o ia i kahi mo'olelo e pili ana i ka Don Cossacks i ka'āpana. Akā,'a'ole i ho'ohana'ia kēia mana'o.

'O Kalinin Anatoly'o Veniaminovich, e like me kāna'ōlelo a'o, ua ho'ola'a'ia i nā papahana mo'ome'a, nā mana'o loea, a me ka Great Patriotic War. Ma kāna mau māmala'ōlelo, paipai ka mea kākau i ka po'e heluhelu e hahai i ka leo o ka pu'uwai, e ola i ka lunamana'o a hana i ka hanohano. 'O ka mea nui no ke kanaka, e like me kā Kalinin,'o ia kona hiki ke ho'okauwā'ole i ka'āina'o Motherland. 'O ke kumuhana o ka lawelawe pono'ole, paha, e holo i ke kaula ula ma nā hana a pau o ka mea kākau.

"Budulai, ka mea i mana'o'ole'ia"

Ua ho'oku'u'ia kēia pa'i ki'i, kahi i ho'oponopono'ia ai ka mo'olelo "Gypsy", i ka makahiki 1994. 'O Alexander Fenko ke alaka'i o ka ki'i. Ua hana'ia nā ki'i ma ke kauhale o Razdorskaya a ma ka'āina'o Kanygin (Rostov region). 'O Kalinin kahi i hānau ai a ola i ka hapa nui o kona ola. 'O nā kinikani a me nā mele i loko o ka pīkani i hana'ia e nā mea hana mai ka hale ki'i'o Roma.

Eia na'e, ho'olaule'a'ia ka pūnaewele mini "Gypsy Island", i ho'oku'u'ia i ka makahiki 1993. A ho'okahi makahiki ma hope mai, ma ke kumu, ua kau'ia ke ki'i ma "Budulai, ka mea i mana'o'ole'ia."

Ka papa kūlana ma ka ho film pâʻani 'o ia ma ka Otar Megvinetuhutsesi. Ke hō'ike nei ke ki'i e pili ana i ka hopena o ka pilikua Budulai, a ho'i i ka kūlanakauhale Don ma hope o 10 mau makahiki i loko o ka hale pa'ahao.

No laila, ola'o Kalinin i kahi olana a mahalo loa. No ka'ene'ene'a o ka mea kākau, ua kaulana loa.