'O St. Sophia Cathedral - kahi kūlana kaulana loa ma Kiev

'O St. Sophia Cathedral - ka papa hana'oihana nui ma ka pu'u o Kiev, ma kahi ho'okahi. Ma ke kenekulia 11, ua ho'oili'ia ke kaua koko ma'ane'i, a ma muli o ka hopena i lanakila ai ka pū'ali koa o ka mō'ī Kiev o Yaroslav i ka Pechenegs, a no laila'o ia kahi i kūkulu'ia ai ka halepule Orthodox kupuna.

Mō'aukala

Ma ke kulanakauhale o Kiev Saint Sophia Hale Pule Nui iʻikeʻia i ka noho alii ana o ke kaʻao Yaroslava Mudrogo, akā, i ka mōʻaukala o ka papa kuhikuhiE Orthodox ekalesia o Kievan Rus Ua huikau. Ke'ōlelo nei kekahi po'e noi'i ua ho'okumu'ia ka luakini ma kēia wahi i ka wā o Vladimir Svyatoslavovich, akā'o ka hapanui o nā'epekema ke kau nei i ka ho'okumu'ana o ke kumu i ka manawa o Yaroslav the Wise.

Ua kūkulu'ia ka halepule e nā kākela Byzantine maika'i, i ho'ouna'ia mai Constantinople, akā ua'oi aku ka nui o ka halepule ma mua o nā hale pule'ē a'e Byzantine Orthodox, a'o ia ka luakini nui nui loa ma ka'āina o mua o Mongol Rus. Ma hope iho o ka pau 'ana o ka Kyiv Sophia Hale Pule Nui i ka piko o ka pili aupuni, ka uhane a me ka nohona kuʻuna, e like me ia ma keia wahi o ka luna nui i loaʻa haole i nāʻelele, e hana ana i loko o ka luakiniʻoihana aliʻi, i loko o ka hale ilalo o ka waihona, a me Popular Ahaolelo ho'ākoakoa' ana ma lalo o kona kilohana pā pōhaku.

I ka makahiki 1240, ua hao pio'ia ka Halepule'o St. Sophia e nā Mongols, akā, ua mālama pa'a'ia kona hale, a'o ka ho'okahuli nui wale nō o ka luakini i ka makahiki XVII i ka hale hana o ka luakini. No laila, ma kahi o nā mō'ī hemispherical kahiko, ua ho'okomo'ia nā i'a he'e ki'eki'e, ua ho'okomo'ia nā halepule hou i ka luakini, a ua ho'oma'ema'e'ia kona helehelena. Ma lalo o ke ka'ina Soviet, ua lilo kona hale i kahi kūlana heiau, a ma ka makahiki 1934 ua lilo ia i hale mālama waiwai. Hoomana ia aneane ole-existent manawa, a me ka hana mea wale kekahi manawa o ka makahiki - ma August 24, ka wā Ukraine kēia kona Independence Day.

Kuhikuhipuʻuone a me Kalaiaina i manao ai

I ka manawa o nā kenekulia XVII-XVIII, i lilo ai ka Halepule'o St. Sophia i wahi nui o ka mākoki mōpoki Orthodox, ua hā'awi'ia mai ka hi'ohi'ona o ka halepule i nā hi'ohi'ona o ka Baroque Ukrainian. A puni ka hale kahiko, ua'ē aʻe hale i loko o ka ia kuhikuhipuʻuone kaila, a me ka puka hale kiaʻi, a me ka bele halekiai, a refectory Fraternal hale Brama Zaborovsky a me Kauhalenui Home.

'O ka mea nui "ho'okumu" o ka hale pule e mālama'ia nā mosaics o ka seneturi 11, a'o ka mea kaulana loa o ia mau mea'o ia'o Christ the Pantocrator a me ko kākou Lede o'Oranta. 'O nā mosaic a pau i hana'ia i loko o ka luakini ua hana'ia me ke kōkua'ana o ka smalt,'o ia ho'i he kinikini o nā pa'akai, ka aniani a me nā mea kau keleawe, a he mau'āpana'āpana wale nō i hana'ia e nā haku kahiko mai nā'āpana pōhaku maoli.

'O ka mea pō'ino, ua mālama nui'ia nā papa o ka luakini i'oi aku ka'ino ma mua o nā mea e hana ai nā mosaic kahiko. Ma ka papahele o ka hale pule e'ike'oe i nā papa hao nui, kahi e'ike pono'ia ai nā ki'i o ka mahina mahina, i mana'o'ia he mau ki'i Muslim. 'A'ole maopopo i ke kumu o ka uhi'ana o ka papahele i ka hale Orthodox. I ka mua i nā ke'ena nui, ua pa'i'ia nā papahele me nā mosaics, a ma nā halekupapa'u a me nā'auwa'a'ao'ao - nā papa li'ili'i o nā kālai, a me nā'āpana o ka papa me nā papa mosaic i kekahi mau wahi i ka'ike maopopo'ia i kēia manawa.

Nā'ike

Sophia Hale Pule Nui loa mālama kekahi huna, e hoʻokaʻakaʻa aʻeʻoe i ke kupua i ka hoihoi hou ana hana. 'O kēia nā palapala kahiko kahiko, i huna'ia ma hope aku ma lalo o nā papa ke'oke'o a me nā mea e ho'onani ai, a hiki i kēia lā ke'ike'ia kēia mau puke o nā malihini o Sophia o Kiev i kēia lā. 'O kekahi mea'ē a'e o ka luakini,'o ia nā sarcophagus i kālai'ia kahiko i hana'ia i ka pōhaku ke'oke'o, kahi i mālama'ia ai ka lehu o ka nui'o Yaroslav Wise, i make i ka 1054, a hiki i kāna malihini kipa ke hiki ke nānā.