Paʻakai hydroxide, kona kino a me ka Nine Inch ka waiwai:

Paʻakai hydroxide, a caustic soda -'okanikaʻole hui i no i ka papa o nā kumu a me hydroxides. ¶ A i loko o keʻano hana, a lulumi mai keia waiwai, i kapaia o caustic soda. Common inoa - caustic soda - ka mea, ua ukuia i kona ikaika corrosive hana.

Ua paa keʻokeʻo mea pōaka waiwai me hygroscopicity, heheʻe i 328 degere. Paʻakai hydroxide Ua hooholo koke wailana i loko o ka wai a me ka mea he ikaika electrolyte. I ka wā o ka dissociation, mai hemo mai i loko o ka'ōlinolino cation a me hydroxide Ion.

Ma ka noho male 'ana i loko o ka wai' ano apau loa o kaʻeleu hui - mekala 'åkilikai - soapy manaʻo nei ke. Kēia naoh puka loa hoʻomaka koke - me kaʻehu a me ka wela. Ua ku caustic i kaʻili a me ka mucous membranes ke kumu no ka wi Nine Inch'ā, no laila, i ka wa e hana, e pono e ao a me ka hoomalu i kou mau lima, a me nā maka. Ma hope o hui 'ana me ka waiwai i ka epithelium a me na maka, waha, ka mea, ua pono i ka wa i ka loli ana i wahi e e holoiʻia me ka wai a me ka nawaliwali pāʻoihana o ke acetic (2%) ole boron (3%) o kaʻakika, a laila, hou me ka wai. Ma hope o ka hoʻolako 'pilikia kōkua i ka mōhai pono e ike i ke kauka.

Paʻakai hydroxide (Nine Inch haʻilula o ka hui - NaOH, struturnaya - NaOH) - he chemicallyʻeleu waiwai, i hiki ke pane koke me nā'okanikaʻole, a mai ke aloha 'ona. Huai ae ia i loko o ka koʻana koko pāʻoihana e qualitative naoh i hydroxide ion me keʻano o nā hoailona. Penei, litmus anakahi i pouli uliuli, meto alani - melemele, a me ka phenolphthalein - raspberry, ai ka nui o ke kala a pau e hilinaʻi ana ma ka lehulehu o ka mekala 'åkilikai.

paʻakai Gidrksid komo i loko o ia naoh:

1. neutralization me nāʻakika, ʻakika oxides a me amphoteric i huiʻia. I ka hopena o keia naoh o ke kahua o ka wai a me ka paʻakai gidroksokompleka paha - i loko o ka hihia o ka naoh me ko lākou mau kumu, a amphoteric oxides;

2. kūkaʻi me ka paʻakai;

3. me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia i mea ma ka lalani i ka hydrogen Beketova elektorhimichesky, a me ka haahaa Loaʻaʻia i;

4. He ole-i eliiaʻi a me halogens;

4. hydrolysis nā mea kemika;

5. saponification me nā bipi kūpaluʻia (i hana ke kopa a me ka glycerin);

6. naoh me ka waiʻona mai ke kino (alkoxides hua mai la i ka waiwai).

¶ A i ka hoʻoheheʻeʻia palapala caustic soda ke luku porcelain a me ka aniani, a me ke alo o ka o oxygen - ka hanohano metala (platinum).

Paʻakai hydroxide hiki e hoomakaukau e ki ina hana:

1. electrolysis o koʻana koko NaCl (diaphragm a me kaʻili lahilahi iaoia)
2. Nine Inch (Lime a ferrite iaoia).

Ma nā makahiki, i ka nānā 'ana i ka loa mau hoʻohana' epekema ma electrolysis, no ka mea, ka mea, ua nui waiwai.

Caustic soda ka loa mahalo, a ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o na mea he nui na hana - mea hoʻonani,ʻiʻo pepa a me ka pepa, Nine Inch, lole, ka meaʻai. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka mea hoʻonui E-524, no ka degassing pā, a ma ka hoʻomākaukau o biodiesel.

Penei, paʻakai hydroxide, - he lye, i i ua hoʻomano hoʻohana i loko o kekahi mau kihapai o ka hana kanaka aie i kona chemically kū'ē ano.