Pehea e kūkulu i airship? He aha ka ke airship? Anei mākou pono ia i loko o ka o kēia au nei?

Airship (mai ka Palani diriger - «hooponopono») - ka pakiko-propelled lele ana mīkini, māmā ma mua o ke ea. , Mākou e hoomaopopo aku ma hope o kona moʻolelo a me ka aoao e kūkulu i kēia mokulele i loko o kēia 'atikala.

mall oihana mua

Aia i ekolu papa kuhikuhi hoailona ia mea o nā airships: palupalu, kalaka nui-ʻoʻoleʻa a me kaʻoʻoleʻa. I mai la lakou a pau he poe ka papa kuhikuhiE māhele eha:

• cigar iwi a me ka hoʻonui piha me ke kinoea i pa apŘ mea emi mai o ka pa apŘ o ke lewa;
• cockpit ole gondola kaulia ana ma lalo o ka iwi, a ua hoʻohana 'ia e lawe aku ka moa a me ka ohua;
• Hawaii e hoohauhee ana i ka propellers;
• papamoe, a me ka vertical hoeuli, e kōkua hookele ai i ka airship.

He aha ka ke blimp? Ua hoʻonui kaba pili ana me ia Via kaula. Inā ke kinoea kala, ka iwi, e lilo kona helehelena.

Kalaka nui-ʻoʻoleʻa airship (Hawaii photo ka mea, ua hāʻawiʻia i loko o ka 'atikala) mea no hoi e kaukaʻi ma ka maloko puʻe, i malama kona helehelena, akā, ua hoopakele mai no ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia mall keel i kŰlń ao longitudinally ma ke kumu o ka hoʻonui, a kākoʻo i ka kaba.

ʻoʻoleʻa airships i i ka Lightweight maoli i ka Aluminum oka a, uhi me ka lole. Ka mea, i ole silaia. I loko o keia 'ole i kekahi mau balloons, kela mea keia mea o ka i hiki kaawale e piha me ke kinoea. Mokulele o kēia 'ano noho ma kona helehelena irrespective o ka degere o ka piha ana o nā paukūʻolokaʻa.

A kinoea i hoʻohana?

Nō kāu hoʻohana airships no ka mea, ua leha hydrogen a me ka helium. Hydrogen o ka hoa ike kinoea, a, pela, ka mea i he nui nona iho. Naʻe, ka mea, he nui flammable, a i ke kumu o na mea he nui ona crashes. Helium mea,ʻaʻole no ka oluolu, akā, ia mea nui i pakele no ka mea, e ole puhi.

Kinoea containment kakahiaka airship nā paukūʻolokaʻa i ka pulupulu lole impregnated me ka laholio, a i ho'ōla, eia ka e kemikala fabrics e like me polyester a me ka neoprene.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

Ka muaʻana airship i kukulu ia ma 1852 ma Farani ma Henri Giffard. He hana i ka 160-paona mahu engine hiki ia oe, e kūkulu i ka 3-hano nona iho. p., a ua nui e kipaku aku i ka nui propeller ma 110 Hope no minuke. I mea e hoʻokiʻekiʻe hoʻi i ka kaumaha o ka mana mea kanu, e hoopiha i ka 44-mika, a he hydrogen hoʻonui, e hoʻomaka ana mai Paris racetrack lele i ka mämä holo o ka 10 km / h, i ka haʻiʻana loihi o kahi o 30 ei.

I ka 1872, he Kelemānia lunaʻenehana Paul Haenlyayn hoʻouka kekahi mua, a hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o ka airship maloko'ā engine, i malamaʻi, no ka wahie kinoea mai ka paukūʻolokaʻa.

I ka 1883, ka Palani Albert, a Gaston Tissandier mua ana e hoʻomalu aku i ka hoʻonui, a ua hookukeia'ku ia e ka pila nui Hawaii.

Ka muaʻoʻoleʻa airship me ka Aluminum pepa hale i kūkuluʻia i loko o Kelemania, i ka makahiki 1897.

Alberto Santos-Dumont, he kanaka maoli o Brazil e noho ana i loko o Paris, ua kukuluia ka helu o ka mooolelo ma ka hopena ua hana iho la ia, mai 1898 a hiki i 14 1905 'ole-ʻoʻoleʻa airship mana ma na'ā kiko'ī.

Helu av Zeppelin

Ka loaʻana Aʻoleʻoʻoleʻa hoʻonui me ka engine ua German Ferdinand Graf av Zeppelin, nana i kukulu ia i ka 1900, kona mua airship. He aha ka ka LZ-1? Luftschiff Zeppelin, a me ka mokulele Zeppelin - Ua technically paʻakikī moku, a me ka lōʻihi o ka 128 m + a me he anawaena o 11,6 m, i ka i ana o ka Aluminum haka ai oia hoi o lonikū kaola 24 e pili ana ma ka transverse apo 16, a ua hookukeia'ku ia e nā Hawaii, i ka mana 16 ho'āo ai. i kekahi.

Ka mokulele ke hiki ka mämä holo i ka 32 km / h. Earl hana mau e hoʻoikaika 'i ka manao iloko o ka First World War, ka wā he nui o kona mau airships (kapa zeppelins) i ua hoʻohana e bombard Paris, a London. Mokulele o kēia 'ano i hoʻohana' ia i ka Allies iloko o ka Apana World War,ʻano nui no Anati-mokuluu patrols.

Ma na 20s a me 30s o ka hope ke kenekulia, ma Europe, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia hoomauia ka hana o airships. Ma July 1919, Pelekāne mokulele R-34 palua i ka transatlantic mahuka ana.

Naʻi aupuni o ka North Pole

I ka 1926, Italian kalaka nui-ʻoʻoleʻa airship (Hawaii photo hāʻawiʻia i loko o ka 'atikala) "Norway" Ua ua ana hoʻohana Roaldom Amundsenom, Lincoln Ellsworth, a Umberto Nobile Nui e noiʻi i ka North Pole. I kekahi huakaʻi ma kekahi airship, alakaʻiʻia Umberto Nobile.

Ma huina, ka mea, ua? Oaony ia e 5 de, akā, i ka airship, kūkuluʻia ma ka makahiki 1924, ili i ka 1928. ka hana, e hoʻi i ka Polar noiʻi i oi mamua o 49 mau lā, i ka wā i pepehi 9 kānaka hoʻopakele, me Amundsen.

He aha ua i ka inoa airship i ka makahiki 1924? Eha Air lawe aku Series N, papahana ma ka hola a me Umberto Nobile ma Roma, i kapaia o "Italy".

ka heyday

I ka 1928, German balloonist Hugo Eckener kūkulu i ka airship "Graf Zeppelin". Prior e decommissioning, eiwa makahiki ma hope,ʻo ia i 590 de, a me 144 transoceanic ala. I ka 1936, Germany a hemo regular transatlantic ohua ma ka "Hindenburg".

Waho aʻeo kēia mau e piʻi like, ma ka pau ana o na 1930s airships honua kokoke ia i hooki i ka paka ma muli o kā lākou i kiʻekiʻe waiwai e lilo aku, haahaa wikiwiki, e like me ka hoʻonawaiwali o kaʻale ino. Eia hou kekahi, he moʻo o he ulia pakalaki, ka loa kaulana o ka a - piha me ka hydrogen Naita me "Hindenburg" i ka 1937, hui me ka puana a ma ka mokulele i loko o ka 30 o ka a me ka 40 o. ua i kēia 'ano o ka amo i nā pāʻoihana obsolete.

enehana holomua

Kinoea nā paukūʻolokaʻa o na mea he nui i kakahiaka nui airships i ka ai-kapaia "ili zolotoboytsa": bipi guts kaua hoʻi, a laila,'ōʻia. Ka hanaia ana o kekahi o ka mokulele koi bipiʻelua haneri a me kanalima tausani.

Iloko o ka First World War, Germany a me kona allies i papani ai hoi i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o sausages, i loaʻa mea lawa mea no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o airships me ka i lawe mai i ka bombing oʻEnelani. E hana 'ia ma ka enehana lole, me, ke aloha i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole i ka makahiki 1839 o vulcanized laholio e Charles Goodyear American kuai, ua kena ae la i ka Naita o ka HOU i loko o ka airship. I ke kakahiaka nui me kanakolu, i ka US Moana kūkulu mau "lele mokulele lawe", "Akron" a me ka "Macon", kona hauna e hamama ana, ka hoʻokuʻu 'kinai mokulele'auwaʻa F9C Sparrowhawk. Ua uhaʻiʻia nā moku ma hope o kona ku ma ka ino, a me ka ole ua e ho'āʻo lākou hakakā ioeaie.

ke ao nei mooolelo no ka lōʻihi o ka lele i kukuluia i ka 1937, hoʻonui "USSR-B6 Osoaviakhim". An mokulele paa ana ma ka lewa 130 ka h 27 min. Kulanakauhale kipa i airshipʻauheʻe - Nizhny Novgorod, Belozersk, Rostov, Kursk, Voronezh, Penza, Dolgoprudny a me Novgorod.

napoo ana o ka hoʻonui

Alaila, airships nalo. No laila, May 6, 1937 "Hindenburg" exploded ma Lakehurst ma New Jersey - i loko o ka poepoe o ke ahi pepehi 36 ohua a luina lālā. I ka pōʻino Ua Film ma ho film, a me ke ao nei i ike ai i ka German airship exploded.

He aha ka hydrogen, a pehea weliweli ia ua lilo ia i mea akaka i ka pau, a me ka manaʻo i kanaka ke hoʻoneʻe ma lalo o ka 'auhau o keia kinoea oluolu i loko o ka manawa lilo unacceptable. Ma kēia mokulele o kēia 'ano ua hoʻohana wale i ka helium, i mea' ole-flammable. Increasingly kaulana, a lilo iho la ka hoʻokele waiwai mokulele e like me kiʻekiʻe-mämä holo "lele moku" o ka pā American Air.

Hoikehonua, nā kānakaʻenehana komo i loko o ka manao o ka mokulele o keia ano, ua uwe ka mea ia a hiki i ka makahiki 1999, ka wā ia i paʻi i ka ohi ana o 'atikala e pili ana pehea e kūkulu i airship i kapaʻia ka "airship enehana", wale i loaʻa puke i ka puke "Design o ka mokulele," Charles Burgess , paʻiʻia ma ka makahiki 1927,

kēia Aey? acaeoey

Ma ka hopena, ua haalele airship poʻe akamai i ka manaʻo o ka ohua a me ka ukana amo ua hoʻomōhala ma luna, i mea ole lawa i ka pono? Ii hoino aku, alanui a me ke kai amo, a me ka mai o ka loaa ole i loko o nā hana.

Ho onui ana momentum mua mau ia kumuhana i oleloia. Ma ka seventies, William Miller, he mua kinai ke kahu moku manuwa'auwaʻa ma New Jersey ua hoano e moku makani deltoid shape i kapaia o Aereon 26. Akā, i ka mea i pau ai Miller ma hope o ka mua hoao mahuka. E pili ana i ka prototype ukana mokulele kauoha nunui waiwai kūʻai, a me ka Loaʻaʻia nā kānaka kūʻai mai ua i lawa.

Ma Germany Cargolifter AG hele mai i ka hana o ko ke ao nei i ka nui loa freestanding kūkulu oi ma mua o 300 ka m ma ka lōʻihi, no a ka ahakanaka? Oaony e kūkulu i kekahi helium kalaka nuiʻoʻoleʻa airship ukana. He aha mea ia e he paionia i loko o ka mahinaʻai o aeronautics, ua lilo i mea akaka i ka makahiki 2002, ka wā o ka lehulehu uaʻalo me oaoieei-pilikia a me ka hoʻolako 'ia o kaupalena, i waiho ia no ka panakalupa ka hoomalu ana. Ke hangar kahi kokoke i Pelelina, ia i hope huli i loko o ka nui loa i loko o ka wai paka i loko o Europe "Tropical mokupuni."

Ma alualu ana i ka Poʻokela Honua

A hou hanauna o ka manao nā kānakaʻenehana, kekahi o i i makani hoʻi ma ka nui o ke aupuni a me ka paulele i ka hoʻomana waiwai kūʻai, ke i hoomaopopoia ana, i haawiia i ka loaʻa nui o ka 'ike loea hou a me ka hou mea, o ka poe e e hiki ia, mai ka hana mai o airships pōmaikaʻi ai. I March hope makahiki, i ka US House o ka Poeikohoia i hoʻonohonoho 'ia he hālāwai hoʻolaʻa ai i kēia' ano o ka lewa amo, ke AIM o ka a ua, e hōʻeleu i ke kaʻina hana o ko lākou ulu.

Ma nā makahiki, i ka ulu ana o airships komo i loko o aerospace heavyweights Boeing a me Northrop Grumman. Rusia, Brazil, a China ua kūkulu aʻe nei a me kā lākou mau prototypes e ulu. Canada Ua hoʻokumu i ka helu o ka mokulele papahana, a me ka "poe moku", a nana e like me ka bloated stealth bomber me ka ikehu lā Panel kau ma ka luna o nā'ēheu piha me ka helium. A pau i komo i loko o ka lāhui kanaka, e lilo i ka mea mua, a monopolize i ka makeke o ka ukana kekahi kaʻao ka, i hiki ke ana i loko o ieeeea? O dala. Currently, nānā ua unuhi i ekolu pāhana:

• English Airlander 10, hapalua Air kaa Hui - a ianoiyuaa a ka nui airship i loko o ke ao nei;
• LMH-1, o ka poe "Lockheed Martin";
• Aeroscraft, LIKE Eros mau pūʻali poe hookupaa immigrant mai Ukraine Igor Pasternak.

RC hoʻonui me kā lākou mau lima

No ka Loiloi i ka pilikia i loko o ka hana o ke mokulele o kēia 'ano, he mea hiki ke kūkulu i airship keiki. Kona nui mea uuku ma mua ia o kekahi kükohu, i hiki ke kuai, a me ka mea, i ka pono me ka hui pu ana o kumupaʻa a me ka maneuverability.

E ho okumu i ka'āhihi airship, e pono i ke kēia mau pono hana.

• Ekolu'āhihi Hawaii he 2,5 g. A emi.
• Pico kaupaona ana o ka 2 g. (E laʻa me, DelTang Rx33, a, pu me na wahi e ae, hiki ke kuai ma ka hana kūikawā pōʻeleʻele loa online, e like me Micron Radio Na Makuahine, Aether Sciences RC a Plantraco), manaʻia e ka hookahi likiuma-pīlali aeea. He mea pono e hōʻoia 'hoʻokaulike o ka engine hūlili, a me ka pa alima, a noi aku i ka pono no ka soldering.
• Lēkio leo hana maʻalahi me ekolu a oi kaha.
• Lipo-Mah na pu ki aloha nona iho o 70-140 a me ka pa kupono. I ka huina kaumaha, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 10 g., I ka na pu ki aloha e pono ai i ia 2,5, i ka nui o na pu ki 'auhau, e hoomakaukau i na mea e holo Duration: i 125 Mah hiki e hoopuni loaʻa kona lōʻihi like' ole i 30 minuke.
• Nā kaula ai pili aku i ka na pu ki aloha ma ka pa alima.
• Ekolu uuku propellers.
• Ke kalapona koʻokoʻo (1 mm) a me ka lōʻihi o 30 knm.
• Deprona apana 10 m 10 knm.
• Cellophane leki, superglue a me nā'ūpā.

Oe Pono e kūʻai i hoʻonui i ka latex, ua piha oia me ka helium. Kupono maʻamau 'ole kekahi' ē aʻe e haawe i mea ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 10 D. No ka hoʻokō 'ana aku i ka makemake kaumaha ua hou a hiki i ka ballast, a ua weheʻia me ka helium liu.

Eiiiiiaiou e pili ana i ka kona kumu me ka lina lola. Ka mua Hawaii ua hoʻohana 'ia e neʻe i mua, a me ka hope i ÷ haku. Kolu o Hawaii kahi kokoke i ke kikowaena o ka umekaumaha, a ua kuhikuhi lalo. Ke propeller ua pili no ia i kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana, no laila, i ka mea, ke pahu i ka airship. Hawaii e e tuko i me ka superglue.

Ka hoʻopili i ka huelo stabilizer, hiki me ka nui loa hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka neʻeʻana, e like me ka poe e hookiekie ana propeller pili ana uuku rotational ana, a me ka huelo epaepa huila mea, ua ikaika. Ua hiki e ia deprona, a paʻa me ka leki.

Neʻeʻana pono e compensated ma kekahi hōʻemi iki ala.

Eia hou, i ka airship hiki ke hookupaa nui ae i ka inexpensive pahupaʻiwikiō, no kekahi laʻana, hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke kī fob.