Pellagra - he ... Ke Alahele a me symptoms o pellagra

Pellagra - he maʻi i hoike mai ai ia ia iho ma muli o ia i ka nele o nā wikamina a malnutrition mai ka nele o ka paha deficiency i loko o kaʻai o ka kumuʻiʻo, niacin a me ka'aminoʻakika tryptophan.

Maʻi, ua olohelohe ia lakou i ka mea e like ana o nā mākua a me nā keiki. Ka hapanui maʻi ilihune Hoʻohana o ka heluna kanaka. Pellagra hiki ke hooiaio ae kapa ekolu maʻi Q - dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, ma English pinepine haawiia maʻi kūmole 4 a me ka b ua hou ma ka hopena o ka make (make).

Nicotinicʻakika a me ka pellagra

heluhelu i kēia ma hope, ke ole maopopo loa kanaka, i ka i ka nicotine i, i mea he pilikia loa awaawa make. Akā, ma ka mea, nicotinicʻakika - he nui wikamina he nui kūlana i loko o ka functioning o ke kanaka kino i Radio. Ma ka'emi'ōnaehana i ho'ākāka 'receptors e ike, i ka hopena o ka i ua pololei e hoomaka ana me ka proviso i loko o ke kino o ka pono nui o ka nicotinicʻakika, a ua hua mai ma kekahi koʻohune i loko o ke kanaka gut. Akā, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i niacin (nicotinicʻakika) ua hookomoia ma ka paka uwahi, he mea pono okoa, a no ia mea, i loaʻawahia kona hui. Mai ka mea, e ae aku na nā loko, hiki e maʻi likeʻole ma ka hapai wahine, i ka hoike ana o ka maʻi likeʻole. pellagra maʻi ke hoike mai ai ia ia iho i ka paka - ka mea, i uuku pahaʻaʻohe iho hoʻololi kemikala.

I ka moolelo o ka maʻi

Ke ano o ka "pellagra" translates like hoʻonaninani ili. Pakahi aku la ia prevalent maʻi i loaa i loko o ka XIX kenekulia i aneaneʻEulopa aina a pau. I ka pau ana o ka ia kenekulia, ke ahulau nalowale i loko o Farani wale.

Ma kekahi o nā moʻolelo loaʻa ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma maʻi pellagra like penei: hoʻomanawanui iki mai i ka "aniani" mau maka me ka paʻa nānā lākou me ka, haikea maka. Hands e like ma hope o nui'ā a me eha - a pau ma na mawae, a scars. Unsteadily me ka lulu poo hana i ka helehelena o ke kanaka me ka waiʻona intoxication. Pēlā ka manaʻo i ka mea, i alakaiia e kekahi mana - e hele ana ma kekahi ala e hiki aku, a laila e hoʻomaka e holo, mai ka hope ke kākoʻo 'pololei lawa, a laila, hina mai hysterical akaaka paha sobs ikaika.

Ke bulk o na maʻi i wahi ma ke kauhale, a me ka kalaka nui-kaʻawale nā pūʻulu (keiki i ka wahi i noho ai, o na halepaahao, ka noʻonoʻo 'Ho' Oponopono).

Major outbreaks e noho ana i loko o ka luawai, a me ke kauwela, no laila, i ka poe akamai i manao ai, aole pellagra mea infectious ma ka ano. Kekahi aupuni olelo i ka maʻi no ka hanauna i loko o ka mea hookahi ohana, nolaila i manao ia pellagra mea hereditary.

Ma hope o lōʻihi kilo Dr. Goldberg loaʻa i ke kalaka nui-Kane me ka lehulehu maʻi pellagra ua aole kakau ana o ka make i kēia maʻi kahu. No laila, i ka hoʻokolohua mālama 'ia ma luna iho i ka 1916 na Kumu D. Goldberg, pu me 15 nā hoapili, hoike mai ia pellagra - he pili-communicable maʻi. A ma hope o ka manawa i loaʻa ai ka waiwai a ana hoola i ka maʻi - pellagra Kāohi ololi a PP. Akā, ma ka ike maopopo, i loaʻa kēia waiwai i loko o ka makahiki 1873ʻepekema Weiner, akā, wale nō ma hope o na makahiki ua lilo i mea akaka i ka PP, a me ka nicotinicʻakika o kekahi, a me ka ia waiwai.

Nā wikamina i loko o ke kanaka kino

Wikamina B i keʻanuʻu nui i nā mea a pau nui kanaka kumumea. Akā, e kōkua ma ka kahua o ATP a me kekahi mau reactions i ka mea nui o. Kēia wikamina ho'ēmi i kā ka nui o nā palapala naʻokoko i loko o ke koko, i laila me ka nui loa hoemi i ka pilikia o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko maʻi.

Nicotinicʻakika o ka wale wikamina i ke hoʻomaopopo iho i nā loina lapaau like me ka hookaawale medicament, a hoʻohana i ka iapaau ana o nā mea maʻi.

Ka nele o ka B nā wikamina hiki i beriberi, keia ka poʻea pau:

• Low maʻiʻo o nicotinicʻakika a nicotinamide me ka e hele mai ana me ka ai i loko o ke kino.

• malabsorption o ka wikamina hana ma ka 'aʻe o ka gastrointestinal'āpana i loko o ka mea hoohuoi ia mau makahiki.

• ka nele o tryptophan'amino nāʻakika'ōpahaʻai - me intestinal koʻohune mai i synthesize niacin.

• ka waiʻona kaukaʻi.

• kekahi mau malignancies.

• mau luhi a me ka stress.

Ke kūlana o ke kumumea nā kumumea i loko o ke kanaka kino

Ka nele o ka wikamina D ho'ēmi i kā ikaika loa ka makemake, naʻau i loko instability, indigestion, a no laila, ma luna o. A uuku ka nui o ultraviolet malamalama ke kumu o ka nele o ka wikamina D i loko o ke kino, i mea fraught me ka mea hopena. Na i ka iʻa kaʻaila, me ka bata.

Ka nele o ka wikamina E kuhikuhi e loli ai i ka mau ana o ka ili, lauoho a me nā kui. Akā, i ole ia costing ka hoʻololi kemikala o nā nā'aʻaʻa o na kanaka kino -? Ienoai aa amo ana o oxygen i loko o ke koko, ua ālai 'ka hanana o atherosclerosis, e ka poʻea pau i ka maʻamau functioning o ka' īnea i nā loko.

Ka nele o ka wikamina E ka uncommon. Kēia antioxidant ua hookomoia ma ka lawa na mea i loko nō mea kāhinu, kiliala, offal a me greens. Naʻe, ina ke akepaʻa ua functioning poorly, no ka mea maʻamau omo o nā wikamina mea pono e hoʻoulu i ka secretion o ka bile.

Ka nele o ka wikamina K hiki aku ai i ka hoʻohuikau o ke koko a me ka clotting kahe ana ke koko pinepine ikeia ikaika ae la. Hiki e mai ke koena, a me ka meaʻai akepaa, spinach, lau a cabbage, nā komako a me carrots.

Ka nele o ka wikamina A deficiency symptoms e hoikea mai oia, e like me "po makapo", kanaka e loaa ana mai o keia maʻi, hooki i ka ike i loko o ka wanaʻao, akā, wahi aku me ka ike i loko o ke ao. Inā ka deficiency ia lŘlŘ ho opa ao, i ka manao o ka dryness i loko o ka maka. I kekahi manawa ka mea, e hoʻomaka kaha onionio a actinic ole wale o kaʻili, akā, mucous membranes, ke ole o ka endocrine glands - keia hoi e loli ai ka nele o ka wikamina A. Symptoms i hookeai lawa ka wā hooponopono ana i ka mana. Loaʻa ma ka holoholona mea kāhinu, akepaa,'iʻa ake aila, hua manu yolks, ula carrots, nā komako, hawaiian apricots. I ka sayings ole e hoopaa iho la o pickling nā wikamina i ka maloʻoʻana kokololio lukuʻia ana.

Kēia manawa ka loaʻa nō kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka wikamina A deficiency, e hōʻike ana i nā symptoms ma lalo:

1. Ka nui kāna hana a na nā loko, e like nā mea a pau i kahi hookahi, a me kekahi. O ke kumu ho i ka emi ma ka hoʻokōʻana a me ka resilience.

2. ka nele i nā hoʻomaka i ka hōʻike. Ma lapaʻau haʻawina, e mea hiki ia, e hooholo kaʻoi loa o ka nele o ka deficiency i loko o ke kino.

3. lawa ponoʻole ai ole wikamina 'ole i ka' aʻe 'ana o kona digestibility.

Kekahi mau 'ano o ka hypovitaminosis i kēia manawa loa ai, he pono ole, o ka oi aku i loko o ka poʻeʻelemākule, hapai paha lactating wahine,' âlapa, na keiki, ka poe e hana ana ma ka hoʻopā 'paakiki hana.

Ke kūlana o nā wikamina i loko o ke kanaka kino, he 'ano maopopo, a me ka malama ole i kēia mau waiwai pilikia ke ola.

Nā kumumea i kāhea i ka maʻi

• Skin lesions sunburn.

• Alcoholism.

• Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'maʻi o ka gastrointestinal'āpana.

• hāpai keiki ole umauma-e ai ana.

• Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'infectious maʻi.

• ka imbalance i loko o kaʻai.

ʻike, a me ka lapaʻau mai

Ka nele o nā wikamina i loko o ke kino, ua hanaʻia ma luna o ka makahiki, i ka manawa a pau hoʻohālike me maʻi likeʻole - mai ka noʻonoʻo 'ana i ke aʻalolo. I ka nicotinicʻakika i ka shortage o kanaka me ka maʻi luhi maʻi pale, anorexia, ua hoʻemi hana ana, he nihinihi emi ma ke kino paona.

Ka mea, ua ma hope o ka manawa o ka hoʻomanawanui hoʻomaka e hoʻopiʻi i Kanikani'āʻula, irritability, headache a me ka forgetfulness wale, aia no he io naoh i ka leo mele, ao alohilohi i nā waihoʻoluʻu a me ka malamalama. Ke kome mai kekahi lōʻihi a hiki i kekahi - mai ka maaweawe moku'āina iʻano pākīkē.

A pau kēia mau naʻau i loko nā poʻohiwi o pinepine paipai'ē aʻe manao e pili ana i noʻonoʻo, nā kīnānā, a ho'āʻo e kiʻi i ka hoʻomanawanui, e kipa i ka psychiatrist.

Ma keia hihia ka mea, e ia maikai ina ka maʻi kīnā i ke kahua o ka nui lapaʻau hoike ana, a me ke kauka e hana i ka hoʻokolokolo pono e nana, a huai ae symmetricalʻulaʻula mau kiko me ka scaly ili ma luna o ke kino a me ka huali ulaula elelo me ka lā'ī ili, a me imprints o ka niho ma na kihi, oko neuritis a me ka " lumbago ", make o ka pā lonoaʻili o kekahi aoao ioauoa.

symptoms

Holo nōhie, i ka hoʻomanawanui hiki pili loa i kekahi o ano o ke akamai, e like me ka hoike ana ma kekahi aoao pellagra. Kona symptoms nā:

- Dermatologist huai ae edema a me ka maneo epithelium hohonuʻulaʻula kala like 'ole, i kekahi manawa i hanaʻia blisters mea e ho'ōla moku hoʻi iaʻu a loaʻa ke kuaua, ma ka nānā aku i ka mau o ka lā e hoohalike ai pityriasis versicolor. Akā, ma manawa, o ka ili exfoliated, a pela i lilo i nanaia ai kaʻoi papa o ka epithelium, a pau loa ia discolored a me ka nani a vitiligo. I ko kakou aupuni, pellagra - he mea pohihihi keia maʻi.

- I nānā akula au i gastroenterologist hoomanawanui me ka maʻi e huai ae nīnūnē na mai hehe i loko o ka waha, olelo huali'ōniʻoniʻo, hoemiia ke kaupaonaʻana o ka nuipa a. A hoʻopiʻi i ka profuse salivation, diarrhea me putrid ala, nausea, ua hoʻemi a lilo o ka ikaika loa ka makemake, discomfort ma ka puu a me esophagus pahu aku ai i hoʻomalu, e hoʻomaka hou haʻawina - sigmoidoscopy a / a fibrogastroduodeniyu. E like me ka hoao hualoaʻa e e māʻaloʻalo atrophy o ka mucosa o ka gastrointestinal'āpana, i kekahi manawa ma luna o nā paia o ka poe liilii, kahe ana ke koko ulcers i ike.

- Ma ke kahua hope o ka maʻi, nā mea maʻi e hele ana i psychiatrist paha neurologist. Ma keia wahi hoomaka i holopono nō dementia, i ua pu ma ka psychosis a encephalopathy, a ua hoikeia mai ma ka likeʻole hallucinations, paranoid delusions me inclinations a me ka luuluu loa. Encephalopathy maʻi pale ua pu ma ka clouding o ka ike paka i, ka muli o kipi keiki omo paha, hoʻopaʻa hoʻi reflex, māhuahua Muscle leo.

Nā symptoms o pellagra, e hilinaʻi ma ka ke kahua, e kamaʻilio i ka luahi, a me ka hoʻomalu loaa ia - he mea o ka wale.

Ka lapaʻau kiʻi o ka maʻi Ua like a me ka hiki ke hui me ka 'ē aʻe symptoms o hypovitaminosis.

Pellagra, Hawaii photo, he pono ole symptoms lalo, ua wehewehe aku ma keʻano o ka mai hehe i loko o ka waha, dermatitis, noho kāna hana a me ka noʻonoʻo 'kāna hana o kekahi ano. ʻo ia hoʻi, nā symptoms i loa e lauwili. Ma nā mākua a me ka maʻi pellagra symptoms i ke kumu ma ka nawaliwali, apathy, emi a piha kaawale o ka ikaika loa ka makemake, a nolaila ke kaupaonaʻana poho, irritability, luhi.

Hāʻule pohō wale o ka noho, a me ka loli ma ka mucosa o na epidermis hou ma ka hopena o ka hooilo. Ma hope o kekahi manawa i ka wa e kaawale aku o symptoms ma hope o lapaʻau hoʻomaka ke ahi i loko o ka waha a me ka profuse salivation. Ma hope o keia mea akaka nani o na lehelehe, kaʻoi loa o lalo, me ka eha fractures. Una mucosa hyperemic a me ka nui aʻe ana, a elelo uhiia me ka uuku ulcers. ua uhiia ōlelo me kaʻeleʻele a me kaʻeleʻele patina, akā, i ke kihi a me ka kihi i kukui ulaula. Over manawa, i ka 'ōlelo nō hoʻi ia moʻoleloʻulaʻula, i Konakele. Lacquered alohi. Ma edematous elelo papillae hypertrophied a me kaʻikeʻia e like me ka ulaula kiko kona kiʻi ma luna o nā kihi o imprints o nā niho, ua hiki. Ma hope iho o kēia huʻi symptoms i nā hele i loko o hoole mai oia, pale mucous atrophy papillae, akā, hohonu hewa elua e ikeia ma luna o ka ili o ke alelo. ili lesion ia lŘlŘʻano nui i loko o hamama mau mea.

Maʻi pellagra: na symptoms o ka maʻi

Blisters, epidermal ai hanaʻia naʻe me ka scaly luna, a laila, hoʻomaka e e pigmented, thinner, a ho'ōla atrophy. I kekahi manawa, aia paha e kekahi kīnā o spinal-poliradikulonevriticheskogo, a cerebrospinal polinevriticheskogo maʻi pale.

I ka wā o ka maʻi o pinepine kaumaha, blending smoothly i psychosis. Keia ano hiki hope no ka makahiki, a me ka uku wai exacerbations i e hana me nā complications i loko o ka palapala o ke typhoid a symptoms o ka hī koko, kākaʻikahi hoʻomōhala puʻupuʻu.

I ka lā, i loko o ka ulu aina ia mea he pohihihi. Akā, i loko o kekahi mau wahi o Aferika a me Asia, pellagra - he mea pilikia, nae, i nā kauka huai ae ia ma ka koke ke kahua. No keia mea ka mea, e e lawa i ka kekahi, mimi, e hooholo i kaʻilikai methylnicotinamide, a me ka helu o ke koko nicotinicʻakika a me ka wikamina maʻiʻo e-pae.

lapaʻau

Pono nā mea maʻi e ia i loko o ka haukapila, kahi a lakou i koi 'ia kekahi papaʻaina i ka i kēia laina.

1. kumuʻiʻoʻai me ka kiʻekiʻe ka maʻiʻo o ka haʻahaʻa-momona ai, kai, waiho ihola, moa a sēlū hua paha, a me ka waiu a me ka waiu me nā huahana.

2. hoomakaukau i loaʻa ka nicotinicʻakika. I ka papa hana, a me ka mahele lāʻau hilinaʻi ma luna o ka maʻi oolea, a me ka comorbidity.

3. I loa hoopii, he ikaika adherence e moe koena.

4. Mai Ke Kula Kaiapuni mea haʻilula keimikala ma i wikamina mea i loaʻa i loko o ka koi 'ia mea.

5. I loa hoopii, i ka paipai holo ke koko transfusion.

6. Ina o kaʻikena ka noʻonoʻo 'kāna hana, e like me ka poe akamai,ʻano nui hoʻohana likeʻole tranquilizers, antidepressants.

7. ke hoomanawanui e pale aku lōʻihi Kailiokalauokekoa manawa i loko o ka lā a hiki i ke ola.

Inā 'oe e ole e lohe i na hoailona o ka mai a me ka mai e hooko me ka lapaʻau, pellagra mea hiki ke pepehi i kekahi kanaka i loko o kahi o elima makahiki.

Kāohi

Ma prophylactic palapala noi, e pono e hoʻokō 'ia kekahi' O ke kaulikeʻai me ka pono nui o ka ai ka lukuʻia i loko o antipellagricheskogo ololi. Na kela la i keia makua koi no ka wikamina PP ma kahi o 15-25 mg.

A lawa ka nui o keia wikamina ua loaʻa i loko o ka huapalaoa, hū, offal. Waiu he he hailona o tryptophan, i ke kino ua hikiwawe synthesized i loko o ka nicotinicʻakika.

No ka mea Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi pellagra parenteral aaieieno? Pono nui nā māhele o nā wikamina koi 'ia i loko o ka meaola, ina manawa i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka maʻi, a ālai ia' aʻe me ka maʻamau omo o ka māhuaola ma ke kino, a ma ke alo o ka maʻi a me ka huʻi nā mea palahēhē. No laila, i ke kūlana o nā wikamina i loko o ke kanaka kino nui kupono.

Ua penei i ia i ka maʻi ka hiki pono o ka pale ma mua o ka 'eleu diagnose a me ka daimonio.